For galaxies ( which are of course themselves much larger than 10 parsecs, and whose overall brightness cannot be directly observed from relatively short distances ) the absolute magnitude is defined by reference to the apparent brightness of a point-like or star-like source of the same total luminosity as the galaxy, as it would appear if observed at the standard 10 parsecs distance.

When exposed to sunlight, artificial light, or infrared radiation ( even the heat of a hand nearby can be enough ), the vanes turn with no apparent motive power, the dark sides retreating from the radiation source and the light sides advancing.

" For Adorno and Horkheimer, this posed the problem of how to account for the apparent persistence of domination in the absence of the very contradiction that, according to traditional critical theory, was the source of domination itself.

) These terms all have these properties: they vanish when Ω = 0 ; that is, they are zero for an inertial frame ( which, of course, does not rotate ); they take on a different magnitude and direction in every rotating frame, depending upon its particular value of Ω ; they are ubiquitous in the rotating frame ( affect every particle, regardless of circumstance ); and they have no apparent source in identifiable physical sources, in particular, matter.

Redshifts are attributable to the Doppler effect, familiar in the changes in the apparent pitches of sirens and frequency of the sound waves emitted by speeding vehicles ; an observed redshift due to the Doppler effect occurs whenever a light source moves away from an observer.

Alternately, hidden ( eg, control ) characters, and redundant use of markup ( eg, empty bold, underline or italics ) can add embedded within a body of text to hide information that wouldn't be visually apparent when displayed, but can be discovered by examining the document source.

This second apparent source of radio waves is the image antenna.

Due to energy stored in the load and returned to the source, or due to a non-linear load that distorts the wave shape of the current drawn from the source, the apparent power will be greater than the real power.

Thus the unconscious mind can be seen as the source of dreams and automatic thoughts ( those that appear without any apparent cause ), the repository of forgotten memories ( that may still be accessible to consciousness at some later time ), and the locus of implicit knowledge ( the things that we have learned so well that we do them without thinking ).

As with sources already successfully modeled by X-ray astrophysics, striving to understand the generation of X-rays by the apparent source helps to understand the Sun, the universe as a whole, and how these affect us on Earth.

The orange arrows show the apparent position of the background source.

These machines have a source of energy, albeit one which is not readily apparent so that they only seem to violate the laws of thermodynamics.

Spontaneous human combustion ( SHC ) describes reported cases of the burning of a living ( or very recently deceased ) human body without an apparent external source of ignition.

The divergence of the harmonic series is also the source of some apparent paradoxes.

Another way to view this definition is to consider the gravitational field of the body ; then is the apparent source of gravitational attraction for an observer located at.

If an observer in the antumbra moves closer to the light source, the apparent size of the occluding body increases until it causes a full umbra.

The authenticity of such claims has been challenged as speculative, and critics have pointed to the apparent lack of primary source material in support of them.

) Einstein agreed that if an object's temperature could be raised without an apparent heating source, as Reich was suggesting, it would be a " bomb.

The apparent haste with which the project was scrapped has been the source of much argument and bitterness since.

This is usually accounted for by source-monitoring error, where a person can recall specific facts, but cannot correctly identify the source of that knowledge because of apparent loss of the association between the episodic ( specific experience, or source ) and semantic ( concept-based, or gist ) accounts of the stored knowledge.

Informally this has been called the " Step Boundary ", although the step-like shape of the boundary was not apparent for several decades — the source of the Arkansas, believed to be near the 42nd parallel, was not known until John C. Frémont located it in the 1840s, hundreds of miles south of the 42nd parallel.

This apparent meaning is probably the source of Talmudic traditions associating Ba ‘ al Pe ‘ or with exposure and excrement.

However, it soon became apparent that it would be easier to refine the gold and turn it into coins at source, rather than transport it to Britain and have it turned into coins there.

It is more difficult with Faulkner than with most authors to say what is the extent and what is the source of his knowledge.

Without a precise knowledge of Germanic philology, however, it is debatable whether their use was not more often a source of confusion and error than anything else.

A fundamental source of knowledge in the world today is the book found in our libraries.

Would we want a future-day Gibbon or Macaulay recounting the saga of America with movies as his prime source of knowledge??

Yet for much of the globe, Hollywood is just that -- prime, if not sole, source of knowledge.

Having dispensed with these alternative explanations, he identifies the source of our knowledge of necessary connections as arising out of observation of constant conjunction of certain impressions across many instances.

Saxo Grammaticus ' Gesta Danorum was not finished until after the death of Absalon, but Absalon was one of the chief heroic figures of the chronicle, which was to be the main source of knowledge about early Danish history.

Their father's well-stocked library was a source of knowledge.

This is the chief source of knowledge of the North until the thirteenth century.

Such a thin chronology and little background knowledge has led to gross misinterpretations of his works, and thus further investigation must always be done to conclude with confidence that Aelbert Cuyp is the genuine source of such great paintings.

From knowledge of books held in the library at Malmesbury Abbey and available as source works, and from the identification of certain words particular to the local dialect found in the text, the transcription may have been made there.

Ancestral knowledge of ethnobotany and ethnozoology is useful in drug discovery ( for example, bintangor plant for AIDS ) or as future alternative food sources ( such as sago starch for lactic acid production and sago maggots as a protein source ).

The Pauline epistles are a source of some key Christological connections, e. g. relates the love of Christ to the knowledge of Christ, and considers the love of Christ as a necessity for knowing him.

The process of writing high quality source code requires knowledge of both the application's domain and the computer science domain.

The process of writing source code often requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and formal logic.

The main source of our knowledge of the importance of filial piety is the Classic of Filial Piety, a work attributed to Confucius and his son but almost certainly written in the 3rd century BCE.

In addition to the realization that there are major gaps in our knowledge of Chinese history is the equal realization that there are tremendous quantities of primary source material that have not yet been analyzed.

At trial, the defense team argued that news articles from the time could have been the source for Echols ' knowledge about the genital mutilation, but the prosecution claimed that Echols ' knowledge, which Echols said was limited to what was " on TV ", was nonetheless too close to the actual facts, since there was no public knowledge of drowning or that one victim had been mutilated more than the others.

Not limited to empiricism, but believing that experience is the source of all knowledge, he worked on a method of phenomenological reduction by which a subject may come to know directly an essence.

" The intellect itself develops from a material intellect ( al -' aql al-hayulani ), which is a potentiality " that can acquire knowledge to the active intellect ( al -' aql al-fa ' il ), the state of the human intellect in conjunction with the perfect source of knowledge ".

FAO is also a source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries and countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all.

Rationalism is the general name for epistemological theories that maintain that reason is the source and criterion of knowledge.