Judging the base-stealing abilities of players from earlier eras is also problematic, because caught stealing was not a regularly recorded statistic until the middle of the 20th Century.

In baseball, the statistic applies also to players who, prior to a game, are included on a starting lineup card or are announced as ex ante substitutes, whether they actually play or not, although, in Major League Baseball, the application of this statistic does not extend to consecutive games played streaks.

Details for the required modifications to the test statistic and for the critical values for the normal distribution and the exponential distribution have been published, and later publications also include the Gumbel distribution.

* Cohen's kappa, also known as Kappa statistic

The population mean is also a single measure however it is not called a statistic ; instead it is called a population parameter.

The average of the heights of all members of the population is not a statistic unless that has somehow also been ascertained ( such as by measuring every member of the population ).

* Goals against average ( GAA ), also known as Goals per game, sports statistic

The newly released Chicago Crime Commission publication, " The Gang Book 2012 ", conveyed a startling statistic that Chicago has more gang members than any other city in the United States: 150, 000 members Traditionally Los Angeles County was considered the Gang Capital of America, with an estimated 120, 000 ( 41, 000 in the City ) gang members ; Nevertheless, Chicago actually has a higher rate of gang membership per capita than Los Angeles ; and also the state of Illinois has a higher rate of gang membership ( 8-11 gang members per 1, 000 population ) than California ( 5-7 gang members per 1, 000 population ).

Unemployment levels in other areas of the world are also high, with the youth unemployment rate in the U. S. reaching a record level ( 19. 1 %, July 2010 ) since the statistic started being gathered in 1948.

The Wald statistic also tends to be biased when data are sparse.

For the test of independence, also known as the test of homogeneity, a chi-squared probability of less than or equal to 0. 05 ( or the chi-squared statistic being at or larger than the 0. 05 critical point ) is commonly interpreted by applied workers as justification for rejecting the null hypothesis that the row variable is independent of the column variable.

A chi-squared test, also referred to as chi-square test or test, is any statistical hypothesis test in which the sampling distribution of the test statistic is a chi-squared distribution when the null hypothesis is true, or any in which this is asymptotically true, meaning that the sampling distribution ( if the null hypothesis is true ) can be made to approximate a chi-squared distribution as closely as desired by making the sample size large enough.

While the margin of error typically reported in the media is a poll-wide figure that reflects the maximum sampling variation of any percentage based on all respondents from that poll, the term margin of error also refers to the radius of the confidence interval for a particular statistic.

Gigli also set a record for the biggest second-weekend drop in box office gross of any film in wide release since that statistic was kept ; it dropped by almost 82 percent in its second weekend compared to its first.

In conjunction with publishing the statistic, The Sporting News in 1960 also introduced the Fireman of the Year Award, which was awarded based on a combination of saves and wins.

It was a disappointing end to his career ; he injured his quad early in the game, his only statistic for the day was giving away a free kick which led to Port Adelaide's first goal for the match, and he would have missed the first ten matches of 2005 after being reported a record-equalling seven times for exchanging punches in an all-out fight with Port Adelaide's Darryl Wakelin, for which Lynch was also fined $ 15, 000.

They also cannot access advanced equipment without sufficient " Tech Level ," determined by the unit's level and the player's Education statistic.

Reali also announces the topics for this segment, holding cards up with the statistic, as well.

The plus-minus statistic has also found its way into the classroom, being used by law school deans to identify effective professors.

* The standard error ( e. g., standard deviation / sqrt ( n ) for the mean ) of the statistic is also calculated using all the samples

Changes in house prices for Greater Cleveland are publicly tracked on a regular basis using the Case – Shiller index ; the statistic is published by Standard & Poor's and is also a component of S & P's 20-city composite index of the value of the U. S. residential real estate market.

In his rookie year he led the league in stolen bases ( although the statistic was defined differently prior to 1898 ), and also finished second with 69 walks while batting. 274.

An ancillary statistic is a pivotal quantity ( function of observations whose distribution does not depend on parameters ) that is also a statistic ( computed in terms of observations, not depending on any unobserved quantities ).

Unlike many other statistics, a player's OPS does not have a simple intrinsic meaning, despite its usefulness as a comparative statistic.

Statistically, it is recorded as a strikeout plus a passed ball or wild pitch, and a " stolen base " statistic does not accrue and neither is an out recorded for the strikeout.

Kuiper's statistic does not change if we change the beginning of the year and does not require that we bin failures into months or the like.

* In statistics, a statistic is called complete if it does not allow an unbiased estimator of zero.

This expression does not depend on and thus is a sufficient statistic.

However, under mild conditions, a minimal sufficient statistic does always exist.

If there exists a minimal sufficient statistic, and this is usually the case, then every complete sufficient statistic is necessarily minimal sufficient ( note that this statement does not exclude the option of a pathological case in which a complete sufficient exists while there is no minimal sufficient statistic ).

While it is hard to find cases in which a minimal sufficient statistic does not exist, it is not so hard to find cases in which there is no complete statistic.

There is not a chapter in which he does not produce a statistic that both surprises and overturns received wisdom.

:* non-parametric statistics ( in the sense of a statistic over data, which is defined to be a function on a sample that has no dependency on a parameter ), whose interpretation does not depend on the population fitting any parametrized distributions.

The procedure works by assessing whether the observed departure measured by the test statistic is larger than a value defined so that the probability of occurrence of a more extreme value is small under the null hypothesis ( usually in less than either 5 % or 1 % of similar data-sets in which the null hypothesis does hold ).

Formally, the case where only a subset of parameters is defined is still a composite hypothesis ; nonetheless, the term point hypothesis is often applied in such cases, particularly where the hypothesis test can be structured in such a way that the distribution of the test statistic ( the distribution under the null hypothesis ) does not depend on the parameters whose values have not been specified under the point null hypothesis.

If a relief pitcher satisfies all of the criteria for a save, except he does not finish the game, he will often be credited with a hold ( which is not an officially recognized statistic by Major League Baseball ).

:: In other words, a sufficient statistic T ( X ) for a parameter θ is a statistic such that the conditional distribution of the data X, given T ( X ), does not depend on the parameter θ.

In statistics, an ancillary statistic is a statistic whose sampling distribution does not depend on the parameters of the underlying population's probability distribution.

* Antral follicle count, ovarian health statistic

** The notation (" 3-2 ") in the lower right corner of the " Belliard: Inning 1 cell " indicates the pitch count at the time Belliard put the ball into play ( 3 balls, 2 strikes ; a statistic that this particular scorekeeper got tired of keeping track of after the first inning ).

* RC — Runs created: statistic that attempts to measure how many runs a player has contributed to his team

* RP — Runs produced: statistic that attempts to measure how many runs a player has contributed

* VORP — Value over replacement player: a statistic that calculates a player's overall value in comparison to a " replacement-level " player.

A Brazilian gay blog has investigated a sample of 30 murders of gay people reported on the media in 2009 — including some of those used by the GGB in its national statistic report.

Many gun control opponents point to statistics in advertising campaigns purporting that " approximately 9 or so children are killed by people discharging firearms every day across the US ," and argue that this statistic is seldom accompanied by a differentiation of those children killed by individuals from unintentional discharges and stray bullets, and of those " children ," under the age of majority — which is 18-21 in the U. S .— who are killed while acting as aggressors in street gang related mutual combat or while committing crimes, many of which are seen as arising from the War on Drugs.

In 1978, the International Commission of Jurists estimated that more than 100, 000 Ugandans had been murdered during Amin's reign of terror ; some authorities place the figure as high as 300, 000 — a statistic cited at the end of the 2006 movie The Last King of Scotland, which chronicled part of Amin's dictatorship.

If X < sub > 1 </ sub >, ...., X < sub > n </ sub > are independent and uniformly distributed on the interval, then T ( X ) = max ( X < sub > 1 </ sub >, …, X < sub > n </ sub >) is sufficient for θ — the sample maximum is a sufficient statistic for the population maximum.

* Connection between spin and statistic — fields which transform according to half integer spin anticommute, while those with integer spin commute ( axiom W3 ) There are actually technical fine details to this theorem.

Conventions for distinguishing sample from population effect sizes follow standard statistical practices — one common approach is to use Greek letters like ρ to denote population parameters and Latin letters like r to denote the corresponding statistic ; alternatively, a " hat " can be placed over the population parameter to denote the statistic, e. g. with being the estimate of the parameter.

The FAA has stated that there have been four fuel tank explosions in the previous 16 years — two on the ground, and two in the air — and that based on this statistic and on the FAA's estimate that one such explosion would happen every 60 million hours of flight time, about 9 such explosions will probably occur in the next 50 years.

Assume we repeatedly take samples of a given size from this population and calculate the arithmetic mean for each sample — this statistic is called the sample mean.

However it can also be used to suggest particular test-statistics that might be of interest or to suggest simplified tests — for this one considers algebraic manipulation of the ratio to see if there are key statistics in it related to the size of the ratio ( i. e. whether a large statistic corresponds to a small ratio or to a large one ).

As the women were expected to keep exact records of their " fruits " ( successes ), a 1988 statistic showed that more than 223, 000 men had been " fished " since 1978 — and that FFing had nevertheless continued into 1988.

* Studentization — adjustment of a statistic by dividing it by a sample-based estimate of its standard deviation.