Spring used a Brush surface-analyzer in a metal-cleaning study and showed considerable differences in soil removal, depending upon surface roughness.

Carpenter's study showed that female common garter and ribbon snakes of Michigan mature at about the age of two.

Their study showed that it was possible to transfer 3 to 4 lb of oxygen / hr. / hp.

A study on the relationship happiness to various character strengths showed that “ a conscious focus on gratitude led to reductions in negative affect and increases in optimistic appraisals, positive affect, offering emotional support, sleep quality, and well-being .”

The psychologist David H. Barlow of Boston University conducted a study that showed three common characteristics of people suffering from chronic anxiety, which he characterized as " a generalized biological vulnerability ," " a generalized psychological vulnerability ," and " a specific psychological vulnerability.

) This was changed because a government study showed that many people were in effect " saving up " their units and using them at the end of the week, a phenomenon referred to as binge drinking.

( 1990 ) carried out a radial velocity ( Doppler shift of spectral lines ) study of the star in April and May 1988, which showed variability with a frequency of the order of a few microhertz, the highest peak corresponding to 4. 3 μHz ( 2. 7 days ) with an amplitude of 60 ms < sup >− 1 </ sup >, with a frequency separation of ~ 5 μHz.

The first large-scale trial evaluating the efficacy of BCG was conducted from 1956 to 1963, and involved 54, 239 school children who received BCG at the age of 14 or 15 ; this study showed an efficacy of 84 % up to five years after immunization.

The MRC study showed protection waned to 59 % after 15 years and to zero after 20 years ; however, a study looking at native Americans immunized in the 1930s found evidence of protection even 60 years after immunization, with only a slight waning in efficacy.

A recent study has showed that these nylon-3 polymers can either mimic host defense peptides or act as signals to stimulate 3T3 stem cell function.

A 2005 study by researchers at Ghent University in Belgium showed that subclinical iron deficiency ( anemia ) was a strong predictor of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women.

A longitudinal study published in February 2006 in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology showed a link between psychosocial stress and bacterial vaginosis independent of other risk factors.

The cane toad has a high tolerance to water loss — one study showed some can withstand a 52. 6 % loss of body water, allowing them to survive outside tropical environments.

Some evidence indicates that during armoured combat the intention was to actually get around the armour rather than through it — according to a study of skeletons found in Visby, Sweden, a majority of the skeletons showed wounds on less well protected legs.

A study showed that of 100 coyotes collected in Maine, 22 had half or more wolf ancestry, and one was 89 % wolf.

A recent study showed that there is a bivalent structure present in the chromatin: methylated lysine residues at location 4 and 27 on histone 3.

A 1998 case study showed that software engineering majors who successfully completed a technical writing course created capstone experience projects that were more mindful of end user design than the projects completed by their peers.

A 1998 DNA study showed a match between the Jefferson male line and a male descendant of Sally Hemings.

Another study shows that people who experience SWS during the first half of their sleep cycle compared to subjects who did not, showed better recall of information.

A 2008 study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine showed that dieters who kept a daily food diary ( or diet journal ), lost twice as much weight as those who did not keep a food log, suggesting that if you write your food down, you wouldn't eat as many calories.

A second study showed that poxvirus, baculovirus and the animal herpesviruses form separate and distinct clades.

A study in 1991 showed that $ 20. 1 million came from sales related to waterfowl hunting along the Detroit River.

A study of American college students published in Nature showed that people are willing to pay to reduce inequality.

In a follow-up study, Swiss children showed a significant increase in sharing between the ages of 3 and 8.

Michelangelo found the rabbi in the room of study, a gentle old man with a white beard and luminous grey eyes, robed in black gabardine with a skullcap on his head.

He took a special interest in Morisot, as is evident from his warm portrayal of her in several paintings, including a striking portrait study of Morisot in a black veil, while in mourning for her father's death ( displayed at the top of the article ).

Designed to conduct comprehensive studies of the universe, the telescope will enable scientists to study exotic phenomena such as exploding stars, quasars, and black holes.

Its impact has been crucial to the success of the Voyager missions to deep space, the invention of the compact disc, the feasibility of mobile phones, the development of the Internet, the study of linguistics and of human perception, the understanding of black holes, and numerous other fields.

Kwanzaa is a celebration that has its roots in the black nationalist movement of the 1960s, and was established as a means to help African Americans reconnect with their African cultural and historical heritage by uniting in meditation and study of African traditions and Nguzu Saba, the " seven principles of African Heritage " which Karenga said " is a communitarian African philosophy ".

Among his famous drawings are the Vitruvian Man, a study of the proportions of the human body, the Head of an Angel, for The Virgin of the Rocks in the Louvre, a botanical study of Star of Bethlehem and a large drawing ( 160 × 100 cm ) in black chalk on coloured paper of The Virgin and Child with St. Anne and St. John the Baptist in the National Gallery, London.

The particles were never observed to rise above 6 km and when combined with scavenging by clouds gave the smoke a short residency time in the atmosphere and localized its effects ; Professor Carl Sagan of the Turco, Toon, Ackerman, Pollack, Sagan ( TTAPS ) study hypothesized in January 1991 that enough smoke from the fires " might get so high as to disrupt agriculture in much of South Asia ...." Sagan later conceded in his book The Demon-Haunted World that this prediction did not turn out to be correct: " it was pitch black at noon and temperatures dropped 4 °– 6 ° C over the Persian Gulf, but not much smoke reached stratospheric altitudes and Asia was spared.

According to a study of male physicians, life expectancy is slightly higher for physicians ( 73. 0 years for white and 68. 7 for black ) than lawyers or many other highly educated professionals.

Researchers Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan, at the University of Chicago and MIT found in a 2004 study that there was widespread discrimination in the workplace against job applicants whose names were merely perceived as “ sounding black ”.

A 1998 study by South Africa's Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation & the Khulumani Support Group, which surveyed several hundred victims of human-rights abuse during the Apartheid era, found that most felt that the TRC had failed to achieve reconciliation between the black and white communities.

The study concluded that there were 7. 9 % fewer black attorneys than there would have been if there was no affirmative action.

However, study results do not support a benefit of black cohosh for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.

One study found, black cohosh and red clover, when compared to a placebo, did not reduce the number of vasomotor symptoms, although safety monitoring indicated that chemically and biologically standardized extracts of black cohosh and red clover were safe during daily administration for 12 months.

Another study reported that black cohosh used in isolation, or as part of a multibotanical regimen, had little potential to relieve vasomotor symptoms.

The early view that " black " and " white " mantas were different species was also discounted through a study of mitochondrial DNA in 2001, which however did reveal some general geographic patterns: Based on limited sampling, west Pacific mantas formed one clade, east Pacific and some Caribbean mantas formed a second clade, and finally the remaining Caribbean mantas formed a third clade.

In a study by Stokes et al., habitats suitable for the native bush rat, Rattus fuscipes, of Australia are often invaded by the black rat and are eventually occupied by only the black rat.

* Jesse Boot of Boots the Chemist: A study in Business History by Stanley Chapman ( Detail from a copy of the book with black and white plates of Jesse Boot and published by Hodder and Stoughton UK as a special edition for The Boots Company Nottingham in 1973 with an ISBN 0-340-17704-7.

According to Adams, Graham Williams " took me back to his place, locked me in his study and hosed me down with whisky and black coffee for a few days, and there was the script ".

That year, the state of Maryland purchased the school in response to a state study that determined that Maryland needed to provide more opportunities for its black citizens.

Ebonics derives its form from ebony ( black ) and phonics ( sound, the study of sound ) and refers to the study of the language of black people in all its cultural uniqueness.