Arabs, on the other hand, call the system " Hindu numerals ", referring to their origin in India.

Installers of multi-line business services where outgoing calls from all lines display the company's main number on call display can use ANAC to identify a specific line in the system, even if CID displays every line as " line one ".

Regardless, if one were to call one of these numbers, listen for the number confirmation and hang up, they would in effect be using this system as if it were an ANAC.

Long-term plans call for upgrading higher-quality roads and integrating the road system into the European grid.

The set of agreements used by a partnership about the meaning of each call is referred to as a bidding system, full details of which must be made available to the opponents ; ' secret ' systems are not allowed.

For example, an IBM PC might have either a monochrome or a color display adapter ( using different display memory addresses and hardware ), but a single, standard, BIOS system call may be invoked to display a character at a specified position on the screen in text mode.

Both sides publicly call for the resolution of intercommunal differences and creation of a new federal system ( Greek Cypriot position ) or confederate system ( Turkish Cypriot position ) of government.

Cygwin consists of a library that implements the POSIX system call API in terms of Win32 system calls, a GNU development toolchain ( including GCC and GDB ) to allow software development, and a large number of application programs equivalent to those on Unix systems.

* The fork system call for duplicating a process is fully implemented, but it does not map well to the Windows API.

A Bourne shell-compatible command interpreter, such as bash, was needed and in turn a fork system call emulation and standard input / output.

The PCBs are sometimes stored upon a per-process stack in kernel memory ( as opposed to the user-mode call stack ), or there may be some specific operating system defined data structure for this information.

The U. S. military sometimes uses a system, which they call " Julian date format " that indicates the year and the actual day out of the 365 days of the year ( and thus a designation of the month would not be needed ).

Some servers implement a voting system, in which case players can call for a vote to kick or ban the accused cheater.

A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction ( 1977 ) described a practical architectural system in a form that a theoretical mathematician or computer scientist might call a generative grammar.

* clone ( Linux system call ), in C, relating to multithreading

; uses PCHAR system call

Books are catalogued in ascending numerical order ; when two or more books have the same classification number, the system sub-divides the class alphabetically, by the use of a call number ( usually the first letter, or letters, of the author's last name, or the title if there is no identifiable author.

He later refined the term, describing it as " The whole system, ... including not only the organism-complex, but also the whole complex of physical factors forming what we call the environment ".

For example, in a system where there is no queuing, the GoS may be that no more than 1 call in 100 is blocked ( i. e., rejected ) due to all circuits being in use ( a GoS of 0. 01 ), which becomes the target probability of call blocking, P < sub > b </ sub >, when using the Erlang B formula.

Another method of estimating E < sub > o </ sub > in an overloaded system is to measure the busy-hour call arrival rate, λ ( counting successful calls and blocked calls ), and the average call-holding time ( for successful calls ), h, and then estimate E < sub > o </ sub > using the formula E

This structure typically also stores local variables, including subroutine parameters ( in call by value system such as C ).

Initially, Torvalds wanted to call the kernel he developed Freax ( a combination of " free ", " freak ", and the letter X to indicate that it is a Unix-like system ), but his friend Ari Lemmke, who administered the FTP server where the kernel was first hosted for downloading, named Torvalds ' directory linux.

A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these systems and that retrieves and delivers the web pages in response to requests from the website users.

; Concordance: When the translator selects one or more words in the source segment, the system retrieves segment pairs that match the search criteria.

In the paging memory-management scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages.

cURL defaults to displaying the output it retrieves to the standard output specified on the system ( usually the terminal window ).

In environments in which a file is named, a file's name and the path to the file's directory must uniquely identify it among all other files in the computer system — no two files can have the same name and path.

A type code is the only mechanism used in pre-OS X versions of the Macintosh operating system to denote a file's format, in a manner similar to file extensions in other operating systems.

The file system permissions of a symbolic link usually have relevance only to rename or removal operations of the link itself, not to the access modes of the target file which are controlled by the target file's own permissions.

If the compiler allows it, Automake tries to make the dependency system dynamic: whenever a source file is compiled, that file's dependencies are updated by asking the compiler to regenerate the file's dependency list.

They resided in the System file's ' DRVR ' resources, like actual drivers, though they could theoretically be installed in any file whose resources were loaded into the memory, and were stored in " suitcases " when not installed in the system file.

) Instead, they simply remove the file's entry from the file system directory, because this requires less work and is therefore faster, and the contents of the file — the actual data — remain on the storage medium.

Unlike extended attributes, a similar file system feature which is typically limited in size, forks can be of arbitrary size, possibly even larger than the file's primary data fork.

For example, an operating system often keeps track of the date a file was created and last modified, as well as the file's size and extension ( and what application to open it with ).

When a file is " deleted " using a FAT file system, the directory entry remains unchanged, preserving most of the " deleted " file's name, along with its time stamp, file length and — most importantly — its physical location on the disk.

An altered / infected file's date and time in the DOS disk directory listing may have been updated to the current system date and time when the file was altered / infected.

The utility backs up an XFS filesystem in inode order, and in contrast to traditional UNIX file systems which must be unmounted before dumping to guarantee a consistent dump image, XFS file systems can be dumped while the file system is in use.

One important difference is that AppArmor identifies file system objects by path name instead of inode.

Although storing the link value inside the inode saves a disk block and a disk read, the operating system still needs to parse the path name in the link, which always requires reading additional inodes and generally requires reading other, and potentially many, directories, processing both the list of files and the inodes of each of them until it finds a match with the link's path components.

Each inode stores all the information about a file system object ( file, directory, device node, socket, pipe, etc.

The inode number indexes a table of inodes in a known location on the device ; from the inode number, the file system driver portion of the kernel can access the contents of the inode, including the location of the file allowing access to the file.

* The file system driver must search a directory looking for a particular filename and then convert the filename to the correct corresponding inode number.

The operating system immediately converts the filename to an inode number then discards the filename.

Many computer programs used by system administrators in UNIX operating systems often designate files with inode numbers.

Another notable property of this file system is that its actual metadata, like inode information and disk bitmaps, are accessible in the same way as any other file on the file system ( as < tt >/. inodes </ tt > and < tt >/. bitmap </ tt >, respectively ).

is a Unix system call that returns useful data about a file inode.

* dev, an attribute of an inode in a Unix file system ( see stat )

In a traditional Unix disk file system, an inode data structure contains basic information about each file, such as where the data contained in the file is stored.

* At mount time, the file system driver must read the entire inode chain and then keep it in memory.

In IBM GPFS represents a set of files within a file system which have an independent inode space.