Further south still is the Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front ( SACCF ), which is determined as the southernmost extent of Circumpolar Deep Water ( temperature of about 2 ° C at 400m ).

North of 20 ° south latitude the minimum surface temperature is 22 ° C ( 72 ° F ), exceeding 28 ° C ( 82 ° F ) to the east.

In the summer, the extreme maximum temperature is much warmer in the north than in the south, with temperatures near the Gulf of Mexico occasionally reaching 100 ° F ( 38 ° C ), although temperatures above 95 ° F ( 35 ° C ) are commonplace.

Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet.

Having a surface at 780 meters above sea level, and being rimmed on the east, south and west by series of peaks reaching 2, 300 meters, the lake provides a scenic grandeur and pleasant temperature seldom equaled in the country.

While the constant temperature of the Atlantic Ocean moderates the climate of the south and east coasts of Nova Scotia, heavy ice build-up in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence makes winters colder in northern Nova Scotia ; the shallowness of the Gulf's waters mean that they warm up more than the Atlantic Ocean in the summer, warming the summers in northern Nova Scotia.

The north – south temperature gradient also seems to have moderated, or metazoan life simply became hardier, or both.

Arid conditions exist in the coastal south, characterized by a monsoon season with adequate rainfall and a dry season with lesser rainfall, while abundant rainfall is experienced by the province of Punjab, and wide variations between extremes of temperature at given locations.

The average annual temperature is in the south and in the north.

On the south of Spitsbergen, the temperature is slightly higher than further north and west.

During winter, the temperature difference between south and north is typically, while about in summer.

It is slightly warmer in the south and west where the average temperature is usually about 8. 5 ° C.

Salem is about south of Portland, but actually has a lower average temperature than Portland ().

His observations of temperature differences between the Pacific Ocean between Chile and Peru in different periods of the year, he discovered the cold currents moving from south to north up the coast of Peru, which was named in his honor the Humboldt Current.

Around 8300 BC the temperature rose drastically, now with summer temperatures around 15 degrees, and the landscape changed into dense forests of aspen, birch and pine and the reindeer moved north, while aurochs and elk arrived from the south.

The annual average temperature in mainland Portugal varies from in the mountainous interior north to in the south ( in general the south is warmer and drier than the north ).

The Madeira and Azores archipelagos have a narrower temperature range with the annual average temperature sometimes exceeding in the south coast of Madeira Island.

The sea surface temperature is higher in the south coast where it varies from in January to in August, occasionally reaching ; on the west coast the sea surface temperature is around in winter and in the summer.

They bring cold air from the south, establishing the temperature of about – 15 ° C ( February ) over most of the sea.

While in the north there are less than 40 days with temperature higher than, in the south there are 110 – 120 such days.

the temperature of our homes is independent of the seasons ; ;

The Bureau is pursuing an active program to provide a temperature scale and thermometer calibration services in the range 1.5 to 20 Af.

Another effect discovered is the large coefficient of thermal diffusion tending to separate nitrogen from the oxygen when temperature differences straddling the nitrogen dissociation region are present.

A study of the hydrogen line profiles indicates that a measurement of these profiles can be used to calculate a temperature for the arc plasma that is reliable to about Af percent.

The fruit is then cooled to 42-degrees-F., a temperature at which it lapses into a sort of dormant state.

This cooling does not change the avocado in any way, it just delays the natural softening of the fruit until a grovelike temperature ( room temperature ) is restored.

If the temperature is controlled properly, the avocado will delay its ripening until needed.

We know now that a 15-degree differential in temperature is the maximum usually desirable, and accurate controls assure the comfort we want.

Control of temperature and humidity is a godsend to the aged and the invalid.

Before it cycles on again, humidity can build up and make you uncomfortable even though the temperature is still low.

Check the temperature gage and be sure it is working.

The thermostat is important to get your engine up to operating temperature quickly, and to keep it running at its most efficient temperature through the proper circulation of the coolant.

This result suggests a very high temperature at the solid surface of the planet, although there is the possibility that the observed radiation may be a combination of both thermal and non-thermal components and that the observed spectrum is that of a black body merely by coincidence.

Mars has been observed twice at about 3-cm wave length, and the intensity of the observed radiation is in reasonable agreement with the thermal radiation which might be predicted on the basis of the known temperature of Mars.

The infrared emission could then be assumed to originate at the surface of the moon, while the radio emission originates at some depth beneath the surface, where the temperature variation due to solar radiation is reduced in amplitude and shifted in phase.

The concept of apparent black-body temperature is used to describe the radiation received from the moon and the planets.

The apparent black-body disk temperature is the temperature which must be assumed for the black body in order that the intensity of its radiation should equal that of the observed radiation.

The ratio of the measured antenna temperature change during a drift scan across the moon to the average brightness temperature of the moon over the antenna beam ( assuming that the brightness temperature of the sky is negligible ) was found, by graphical integration of the antenna directivity diagram, to be 0.85.

The measured brightness temperature is a good approximation to the brightness temperature at the center of the lunar disk because of the narrow antenna beam and because the temperature distribution over the central portion of the moon's disk is nearly uniform.

The temperature was maintained to within about Af for the period of time required to make the measurement ( usually about one hour ).

In temperature resistance, this quality is usually related to specific properties, e.g., flexural, tensile strengths, etc..

Allotropes of iron, ( alpha iron and gamma iron ) showing the differences in atomic arrangement. At a certain temperature, ( usually between and ), the base metal of steel ( iron ) undergoes a change in the arrangement of the atoms in its crystal matrix, called allotropy.

For stars, in the absence of extensive observations at many wavelengths, it usually must be computed assuming an effective temperature.

The smaller container, filled with the substance to be heated, fits inside the outer container, filled with the working liquid ( usually water ), and the whole is heated at, or below, the base, causing the temperature of the materials in both containers to rise as needed.

Deserts usually have a large diurnal and seasonal temperature range, with high or low, depending on location daytime temperatures ( in summer up to, and low nighttime temperatures ( in winter down to due to extremely low humidity.

The temperature dependence of the rate constant usually follows the Arrhenius equation:

By studying how quickly the reagent species disappears in the presence of differing concentrations of a ( usually stable ) co-reagent species the reaction rate constant at the low temperature of the CRESU flow can be determined.

Their temperature is about 5000 – 8000 K, and so they are usually considered as chromospheric features.

From the Shockley ideal diode equation given above, it might appear that the voltage has a positive temperature coefficient ( at a constant current ), but usually the variation of the reverse saturation current term is more significant than the variation in the thermal voltage term.

The dimension of a physical quantity is the combination of the basic physical dimensions ( usually mass, length, time, electric charge, and temperature ) which describe it ; for example, speed has the dimension length per time, and may be measured in meters per second, miles per hour, or other units.

Visible light is able to affect a few molecules with single photons, but usually not in a permanent or damaging way, in the absence of power high enough to increase temperature to damaging levels.

Infrared radiation in the spectral distribution of a black body is usually considered a form of heat, since it has an equivalent temperature, and is associated with an entropy change per unit of thermal energy.

This can happen under higher pressure or temperature, which usually occurs when ignited in a confined space.

Although the words " oils ", " fats ", and " lipids " are all used to refer to fats, " oils " is usually used to refer to fats that are liquids at normal room temperature, while " fats " is usually used to refer to fats that are solids at normal room temperature.

Construction of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell | PEMFC: Bipolar plate as electrode with in-milled gas channel structure, fabricated from conductive composite material | composite s ( enhanced with graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, and / or carbon nanotube s for more conductivity ); Porous carbon papers ; reactive layer, usually on the polymer membrane applied ; polymer membrane. Condensation of water produced by a PEMFC on the air channel wall.

This extraction step is a multi stage process, and the extraction temperature is usually increased in later extraction steps.

where is the absolute temperature of the hot source and that of the cold sink, usually measured in kelvin.

However, many of the minor substances in honey can be affected greatly by heating, changing the flavor, aroma, or other properties, so heating is usually done at the lowest temperature possible for the shortest amount of time.

In a nuclear thermal rocket or solar thermal rocket a working fluid, usually hydrogen, is heated to a high temperature, and then expands through a rocket nozzle to create thrust.

Originally, Iceman's own body temperature would lower dramatically when his powers were active, reaching within a few tenths of a second ( now his body usually converts to organic ice ; see below ).