In strict analysis, abbreviations should not be confused with contractions or acronyms ( including initialisms ), with which they share some semantic and phonetic functions, though all three are connoted by the term " abbreviation " in loose parlance. An abbreviation is a shortening by any method ; a contraction is a reduction of size by the drawing together of the parts.

Most often, the term describes those who create within a context of the fine arts or ' high culture ', activities such as drawing, painting, sculpture, acting, dancing, writing, filmmaking, photography, and music — people who use imagination, talent, or skill to create works that may be judged to have an aesthetic value.

The term originated in the Middle Ages and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window.

The modern field and term were first formulated by Sir Francis Galton in 1883, drawing on the recent work of his half-cousin Charles Darwin.

Some free software advocates use the term Free and Open Source Software ( FOSS ) as an inclusive compromise, drawing on both philosophies to bring both free software advocates and open source software advocates together to work on projects with more cohesion.

The term was a variation on the contemporary terms of bow arm and drawing arm still used in archery.

There also exist a host of games where the term " graffiti " is used as a synonym for " drawing " ( such as Yahoo!

The term wireframe comes from designers using metal wire to represent the 3 dimensional shape of solid objects. 3D wireframe allows to construct and manipulate solids and solid surfaces. 3D solid modeling technique efficiently draws high quality representation of solids than the conventional line drawing.

Arabesque is also used as a term for complex freehand pen flourishes in drawing or other graphic media.

15th century ) term encompassing both the practice of drawing the sword and cutting ( tameshigiri ).

" Iaijutsu " was known before the Tokugawa period ( before 1603 ) but it is unclear exactly when the term " iaijutsu " first came into use, or when exactly drawing the katana from its scabbard first became practiced as a martial art.

Iaido, the way of drawing the sword, appeared as a term in 1932 and was popularized by Nakayama Hakudō ( 1869-1958 ).

When using the term “ little women ” Alcott was drawing on Dickensian meaning.

Today, the term phlebotomy refers to the drawing of blood for laboratory analysis or blood transfusion ( see Phlebotomy ( modern )).

The Commodore Amiga was the first personal computer to use a full-featured blitter, and the first US patent filing to use the term blitter was " Personal computer apparatus for block transfer of bit-mapped image data ," assigned to Commodore-Amiga, Inc. On top of the ability to copy and manipulate large areas of graphics, the hardware that contained the Amiga's blitter also included line drawing and area-filling hardware.

* Technical drawing, a term used in the design process

The more technical use of the term chiaroscuro is the effect of light modelling in painting, drawing or printmaking, where three-dimensional volume is suggested by the value gradation of colour and the analytical division of light and shadow shapes-often called " shading ".

The French use of the term, clair-obscur, was introduced by the seventeenth century art-critic Roger de Piles in the course of a famous argument ( Débat sur le coloris ) on the relative merits of drawing and colour in painting ( his Dialogues sur le coloris, 1673 was a key contribution to the Débat ).

The more generic term " print " is now in common usage in the U. S. to mean any paper copy of an engineering drawing.

A single term " Siberia and the Far East " () was often used to refer to Russia's regions east of the Urals without drawing a clear distinction between " Siberia " and " the Far East.

In 1969 the writer John Michell revived the term " ley lines ", associating it with spiritual and mystical theories about alignments of land forms, drawing on the Chinese concept of feng shui.

Yet Ben-Gurion, drawing on his influence as Israel's founding father, continued to undermine Eshkol's authority throughout his term as Prime Minister, portraying him as a spineless politician incapable of addressing Israel's security predicament.

Vitruvius also seems to have devised the term orthographic ( from the Greek orthos (= “ straight ”) and graphē (= “ drawing ”) for the projection.

As suggested by its origin as islette, an Old French diminutive of " isle ", use of the term implies small size, but little attention is given to drawing an upper limit on its applicability.

The term is also used to describe interdisciplinary research in the field of electronic music and computer music, drawing upon disciplines such as acoustics, electronics, informatics, composition and psychoacoustics.

The term ' ballroom dancing ' is derived from the word ball, which in turn originates from the Latin word ballare which means ' to dance ' ( a ballroom being a large room specially designed for such dances ).

A Cabal room in use at Valve Software. During the rise of Usenet, the term was used as a semi-ironic description of the efforts of people to maintain some order over the chaotic, anarchic Usenet community ( see backbone cabal ).

The U term can be interpreted as the energy required to create the system, and the pV term as the energy that would be required to " make room " for the system if the pressure of the environment remained constant.

Built in the Brucheion ( Royal Quarter ) in the style of Aristotle's Lyceum, adjacent to and in service of the Musaeum ( a Greek Temple or " House of Muses ", hence the term " museum "), the library comprised a Peripatos walk, gardens, a room for shared dining, a reading room, lecture halls and meeting rooms.

Although balance-of-payment payments are not the answer to Zambia's long-term debt problems, it will in the short term provide the government some breathing room to implement further economic reforms.

The term chat room, or chatroom, is primarily used by mass media to describe any form of synchronous conferencing, occasionally even asynchronous conferencing.

In physical security, the term access control refers to the practice of restricting entrance to a property, a building, or a room to authorized persons.

The founding director of CBS News, Paul White, for whom the top award given by the broadcast news directors organization Radio Television Digital News Association ( RTDNA ) is named, Kent Cooper, who later became the longtime GM of rival Associated Press, early ABC News president Elmer Lower, Raymond Clapper, originator of the term " smoked-filled room ", Merriman Smith, Helen Thomas, Marie Colvin, Martha Gellhorn, Kate Webb, Henry Tilton Gorrell, Seymour Hersh, Lucien Carr, Neil Sheehan, Brit Hume, Keith Olbermann, New York Times columnists Thomas Friedman and Gail Collins, Washington Post columnist Richard Cohen, sportswriter and Untouchables co-author Oscar Fraley, author H. Allen Smith, military author Joe Galloway, Saigon evacuation photographer Hubert van Es, photographer Stan Stearns, 1970s White House photographer David Hume Kennerly, White House spokesmen George Reedy, Ron Nessen and Larry Speakes, longtime Las Vegas bureau manager Myram Borders, onetime CIA Director Richard Helms, who interviewed Adolf Hitler for United Press during the 1936 Olympics, diplomat Edward M. Korry, former UP correspondent to Moscow Eugene Lyons, C-SPAN founder Brian Lamb, ex-Dow Jones CEO Les Hinton, 1980's-90's Singapore President Wee Kim Wee and novelists Allen Drury, Tony Hillerman and Daniel Silva.

The euphemistic term comes from the British English definition of a closet as a small private room.

The old term, Library, survives in the name of the room set aside for the oldest year's use, where boys have their own kitchen.

One short term historical figure was Herman Melville, who in 1840 had been residing with his mother in Lansingburgh, but who taught for a half year at a one room schoolhouse in Brunswick.

Along with a number of additional student bedrooms the Sloane Robinson building also provided the college with the O ' Reilly Theatre ( a large multipurpose lecture theatre ), a dedicated room for musical practice, a number of seminar rooms and a large open plan space which during term time is used as a café and social space for all members of the college.

Records show that rent was between £ 18 and £ 21 a term depending on the size of the room, with fires being charged extra.

The term derives from CNN president Jonathan Klein's 2004 dismissal of bloggers as " a guy sitting in his living room in his pyjamas.

Vertigo is a specific medical term used to describe the sensation of spinning or having the room spin about you.

The Guest House features a 20 room hotel offering full accommodations, long and short term rates, and a friendly atmosphere in a classic Victorian setting.

Some people may be lucky, then, that many personality theories leave room for the idea that individuals have some control over their long term behaviours and cognitions.

Gush Emunim was founded by students of Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Kook in February 1974 in the living room of Haim Drukman, who is also credited with coining the term.

The term " vegetable oil " can be narrowly defined as referring only to substances that are liquid at room temperature, or broadly defined without regard to a substance's state of matter at a given temperature.

* The term " dead letter office " may be used in non-postal offices, in reference to any room of disused materials resembling a dead letter office.

Classicist Ken Dowden has identified the kofewalt, a spirit with powers over a single room, as the antecedent to the term kobold and to the creature itself.

The term " water-closet " was an early term for an interior or exterior room with a flushing toilet in contrast with an earth closet usually outdoors and requiring periodic emptying as " night soil ".