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The term female chauvinism has been adopted by critics of some types or aspects of feminism ; second-wave feminist Betty Friedan is a notable example.
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From the Early Modern period, their name has become a term for female warriors in general.
In some smaller Protestant denominations and independent churches the term bishop is used in the same way as pastor, to refer to the leader of the local congregation, and may be male or female.
The term underdressing is used by male cross-dressers to describe wearing female undergarments under their male clothes.
The unqualified term " chauvinism " is far more likely to refer to a male chauvinism than female chauvinism in the context of chauvinism as sexism.
" Film critics sometimes use the term " pejoratively to connote an unrealistic, pathos-filled, campy tale of romance or domestic situations with stereotypical characters ( often including a central female character ) that would directly appeal to feminine audiences.
The term " domme " () is a coined pseudo-French female variation of the slang dom ( short for dominant ).
Although the term " dominatrix " was not used, the classic example in literature of the female dominant-male submissive relationship is portrayed in the 1870 novella Venus in Furs by Austrian writer Leopold von Sacher-Masoch.
The equivalent female term is fellatrix.
The procedures known as FGM were referred to as female circumcision until the early 1980s, when the term " female genital mutilation " came into use.
Other groups, such as UNFPA and USAID, use the combined term " female genital mutilation / cutting " ( FGM / C ).
The term " the Goddess " may also be understood to include a multiplicity of ways to view deity personified as female, or as a metaphor, or as a process.
" She gives the example of Hamlet's advice to Ophelia, " get thee to a nunnery ", which is simultaneously a reference to a place of chastity and a slang term for a brothel, reflecting Hamlet's confused feelings about female sexuality.
Jacob Grimm theorized that Hel ( whom he refers to here as Halja, the theorized Proto-Germanic form of the term ) is essentially an " image of a greedy, unrestoring, female deity " and that " the higher we are allowed to penetrate into our antiquities, the less hellish and more godlike may Halja appear.
Shōjo-ai (" girl love ") is a western term for the female equivalent of shōnen-ai ; in Japan these works are also called yuri.
The term pondan is used in Malaysia to refer to gay men, but since there is no historical context to reference lesbians, the term is used for female homosexuals as well.
While traditionally most monarchs have been male, female monarchs have also ruled in history ; the term queen regnant refers to a ruling monarch, as distinct from a queen consort, the wife of a reigning king.
A practitioner of midwifery is known as a midwife, a term used in reference to both women and men, although the majority of midwives are female.
However, due to some difficulties in conclusively identifying these figurines with " mother goddess ", some scholars prefer using the term " female figurines with likely cultic significance ".
Julie M. Thompson, a feminist author, connects misandry with envy of men, in particular " penis envy ," a term coined by Sigmund Freud in 1908, in his theory of female sexual development.
Another term of endearment, often spoken by older generations, is me ducky, used when addressing a female in an informal manner, and usually placed at the end of a sentence which is often a question ( Example: How's she goin ', me ducky?
The term ovule is used for the young ovum of an animal, as well as the plant structure that carries the female gametophyte and egg cell and develops into a seed after fertilization.
The mezzo-soprano, a term of comparatively recent origin, also has a large repertoire, ranging from the female lead in Purcell's Dido and Aeneas to such heavyweight roles as Brangäne in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde ( these are both roles sometimes sung by sopranos ; there is quite a lot of movement between these two voice-types ).
term and chauvinism
A contemporary use of the term in English is in the phrase male chauvinism.
Male chauvinism is a term used to describe the belief that men are superior to women.
Female chauvinism is a term used to describe the symmetrical attitude that women are superior to men.
Ariel Levy used the term in similar, but opposite sense in her book, Female Chauvinist Pigs, in which she argues that many young women in the United States and beyond are replicating male chauvinism and older misogynist stereotypes.
His name is the eponym of chauvinism, a term for excessive nationalistic fervor.
Sinocentrism refers to Han Chinese ethnocentrism ( Chinese:,, Hàn shāwénzhǔyì ) and is called " Han chauvinism ," a term coined by Mao Zedong in 1956 ,.
Han chauvinism ( Chinese:,, Hàn shāwénzhǔyì ) is a term coined by Mao Zedong in 1956 to criticize sinocentrism and Han ethnocentrism.
* The play La Cocarde Tricolore by the Cogniard brothers introduces the term " chauvinism.
* Nicolas Chauvin, a mythical patriot said to have served during Napoleon Bonaparte's reign ; origin of the term chauvinism ;
Though Goropius had admirers ( among them Abraham Ortelius and Richard Hakluyt ), his etymologies have been considered " linguistic chauvinism ," and Leibniz coined the term " goropism " to mean " absurd etymology.
term and has
`` Disaffiliation '', by the way, is the term used by the critic and poet, Lawrence Lipton, who has written several articles on this subject, the first of which, in The Nation, quoted as Epigraph: `` We disaffiliate.
It holds an equally valuable lesson for a society where the word `` intellectual '' has become a term of opprobrium to millions of well-meaning people who somehow imagine that it must be destructive of the simpler human virtues.
As he died because of a small wound on his heel, the term Achilles ' heel has come to mean one's point of weakness.
The term " the United States " has historically been used, sometimes in the plural (" these United States "), and other times in the singular, without any particular grammatical consistency.
The term was originally coined in the 19th century by the founding sociologist and philosopher of science, Auguste Comte, and has become a major topic for psychologists ( especially evolutionary psychology researchers ), evolutionary biologists, and ethologists.
In more modern English usage, the term " adobe " has come to include a style of architecture popular in the desert climates of North America, especially in New Mexico.
The term " droid ", coined by George Lucas for the original Star Wars film and now used widely within science fiction, originated as an abridgment of " android ", but has been used by Lucas and others to mean any robot, including distinctly non-human form machines like R2-D2.
Thus the term asteroid has come increasingly to refer specifically to the small bodies of the inner Solar System out to the orbit of Jupiter, which are usually rocky or metallic.
The precise reference of this term has varied over time, perhaps originally referring only to the Ionian colonies along the coast.
The precise reference of this term has varied over time, perhaps originally referring to the Ionian colonies on the Asia Minor coast.
Other terms that have been used include neosyllabary ( Février 1959 ), pseudo-alphabet ( Householder 1959 ), semisyllabary ( Diringer 1968 ; a word which has other uses ) and syllabic alphabet ( Coulmas 1996 ; this term is also a synonym for syllabary ).
The term " absolute value " has been used in this sense since at least 1806 in French and 1857 in English.
* The modern term " style " has a bearing on how material items such as pottery or architecture can be interpreted.
The term anti-Semitic has been used on occasion to include bigotry against other Semitic-language peoples such as Arabs, but such usage is not widely accepted.
The House of Representatives has 18 members, elected for a two year term, 17 in single-seat constituencies and one by a public meeting on Swain Island.
The Senate also has 18 members, elected for a four year term by and from the chiefs of the islands.
However, this ambiguity has been the source of controversy, particularly among Latin Americans, who feel that using the term solely for the United States misappropriates it.
The term can also refer to an establishment which has long ceased to function as an abbey, in some cases for centuries ( for example, see Westminster Abbey below ).
But no attempt to identify the figures on existing gems with the personages of Gnostic mythology has had any success, and Abrasax is the only Gnostic term found in the accompanying legends which is not known to belong to other religions or mythologies.
This etymology has remained the standard derivation of the term.
The term Suebi has a double meaning in the sources.
The term has the meaning of one being crestfallen, depressed, despondent, downcast, gloomy, sullen and evidently frowning, scowling.
The term is often used synonymously with the term antibiotic ( s ); today, however, with increased knowledge of the causative agents of various infectious diseases, antibiotic ( s ) has come to denote a broader range of antimicrobial compounds, including anti-fungal and other compounds.
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