The term " fundamentalism " was originally coined by its supporters to describe a specific package of theological beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century, and that had its roots in the Fundamentalist – Modernist Controversy of that time.

The Iran hostage crisis of 1979 – 80 marked a major turning point in the use of the term " fundamentalism ".

The term " fundamentalism " is sometimes applied to signify a counter-cultural fidelity to some simplistic principle, as in the pejorative term " market fundamentalism " applied to an exaggerated religious-like faith in the ability of unfettered laissez-faire or free market economic views or policies to solve economic and social problems.

The term " atheistic fundamentalism " is controversial.

There are also some criticisms against the political usage of the term " fundamentalism ".

From French, it began to migrate to the English language in the mid-1980s, and in recent years has largely displaced the term Islamic fundamentalism in academic circles.

Seeking to distance itself from polygamy and Mormon fundamentalism, the LDS Church has taken the position that the term Mormon should only apply to the LDS Church and its members, and not other adherents who have adopted the term.

" Despite the LDS Church's position, the term Mormon is widely used by journalists and non-journalists to refer to adherents of Mormon fundamentalism.

The term fundamentalism was coined by Baptist editor Curtis Lee Laws in 1920 to designate Christians who were ready " to do battle royal for the Fundamentals ".

Graham represents a movement that arose within fundamentalism, but has increasingly become distinct from it, known as neo-evangelicalism or New Evangelicalism ( a term coined by Harold J. Ockenga, the " Father of New Evangelicalism ").

Those who regularly used the term neoliberalism in the 1980s typically applied it in its present-day, radical sense, denoting market fundamentalism.

Robin Richardson, an original member of the Commission on British Muslims and Islamophobia, at a 2009 symposium on " Islamophobia and Religious Discrimination ", said that " the disadvantages of the term Islamophobia are significant " on seven different grounds, including that it implies it is merely a " severe mental illness " affecting " only a tiny minority of people "; that use of the term makes those to whom it is applied " defensive and defiant " and absolves the user of " the responsibility of trying to understand them " or trying to change their views ; that it implies that hostility to Muslims is divorced from factors such as skin color, immigrant status, fear of fundamentalism, or political or economic conflicts ; that it conflates prejudice against Muslims in one's own country with dislike of Muslims in countries with which the West is in conflict ; that it fails to distinguish between people who are against all religion from people who dislike Islam specifically ; and that the actual issue being described is hostility to Muslims, " an ethno-religious identity within European countries ", rather than hostility to Islam.

The term Islamic fundamentalism is often criticized.

" In contrast, American author Anthony J. Dennis accepts the widespread usage and relevance of the term and calls Islamic fundamentalism " more than a religion today, it is a worldwide revolutionary movement.

Hassan Hanafi reached the same conclusion: " It is difficult to find a more appropriate term than the one recently used in the West, ‘ fundamentalism ,' to cover the meaning of what we name Islamic awakening or revival.

The term Jewish fundamentalism may refer to militant religious Zionism or Ashkenazi or Sephardi Haredi Judaism.

The term " fundamentalism " was originally used in reference to certain Christian groups but today commonly refers to the anti-modernist movements of any religion based on literal interpretation of religious scriptures.

Subsequently to Williamson's minting of the phrase, and despite his emphatic opposition, the term Washington Consensus has come to be used fairly widely in a second, broader sense, to refer to a more general orientation towards a strongly market-based approach ( sometimes described, typically pejoratively, as market fundamentalism or neoliberalism ).

Williamson recognizes that the term has commonly been used with a different meaning from his original prescription ; he opposes the alternative use of the term, which became common after his initial formulation, to cover a broader market fundamentalism ( or neoliberal ) agenda.

`` Disaffiliation '', by the way, is the term used by the critic and poet, Lawrence Lipton, who has written several articles on this subject, the first of which, in The Nation, quoted as Epigraph: `` We disaffiliate.

It holds an equally valuable lesson for a society where the word `` intellectual '' has become a term of opprobrium to millions of well-meaning people who somehow imagine that it must be destructive of the simpler human virtues.

As he died because of a small wound on his heel, the term Achilles ' heel has come to mean one's point of weakness.

The term " the United States " has historically been used, sometimes in the plural (" these United States "), and other times in the singular, without any particular grammatical consistency.

The term was originally coined in the 19th century by the founding sociologist and philosopher of science, Auguste Comte, and has become a major topic for psychologists ( especially evolutionary psychology researchers ), evolutionary biologists, and ethologists.

In more modern English usage, the term " adobe " has come to include a style of architecture popular in the desert climates of North America, especially in New Mexico.

The term " droid ", coined by George Lucas for the original Star Wars film and now used widely within science fiction, originated as an abridgment of " android ", but has been used by Lucas and others to mean any robot, including distinctly non-human form machines like R2-D2.

Thus the term asteroid has come increasingly to refer specifically to the small bodies of the inner Solar System out to the orbit of Jupiter, which are usually rocky or metallic.

The precise reference of this term has varied over time, perhaps originally referring only to the Ionian colonies along the coast.

The precise reference of this term has varied over time, perhaps originally referring to the Ionian colonies on the Asia Minor coast.

Other terms that have been used include neosyllabary ( Février 1959 ), pseudo-alphabet ( Householder 1959 ), semisyllabary ( Diringer 1968 ; a word which has other uses ) and syllabic alphabet ( Coulmas 1996 ; this term is also a synonym for syllabary ).

The term " absolute value " has been used in this sense since at least 1806 in French and 1857 in English.

* The modern term " style " has a bearing on how material items such as pottery or architecture can be interpreted.

The term anti-Semitic has been used on occasion to include bigotry against other Semitic-language peoples such as Arabs, but such usage is not widely accepted.

The House of Representatives has 18 members, elected for a two year term, 17 in single-seat constituencies and one by a public meeting on Swain Island.

The Senate also has 18 members, elected for a four year term by and from the chiefs of the islands.

However, this ambiguity has been the source of controversy, particularly among Latin Americans, who feel that using the term solely for the United States misappropriates it.

The term can also refer to an establishment which has long ceased to function as an abbey, in some cases for centuries ( for example, see Westminster Abbey below ).

But no attempt to identify the figures on existing gems with the personages of Gnostic mythology has had any success, and Abrasax is the only Gnostic term found in the accompanying legends which is not known to belong to other religions or mythologies.

This etymology has remained the standard derivation of the term.

The term Suebi has a double meaning in the sources.

The term has the meaning of one being crestfallen, depressed, despondent, downcast, gloomy, sullen and evidently frowning, scowling.

From the Early Modern period, their name has become a term for female warriors in general.

The term is often used synonymously with the term antibiotic ( s ); today, however, with increased knowledge of the causative agents of various infectious diseases, antibiotic ( s ) has come to denote a broader range of antimicrobial compounds, including anti-fungal and other compounds.