The term " fundamentalism " was originally coined by its supporters to describe a specific package of theological beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century, and that had its roots in the Fundamentalist – Modernist Controversy of that time.

Müller made the term central to his criticism of Western theological and religious exceptionalism ( relative to Eastern religions ), focusing on a cultural dogma which held " monotheism " to be both fundamentally well-defined and inherently superior to differing conceptions of God.

* In scholastic Latin sources, the term came to denote the rational study of the doctrines of the Christian religion, or ( more precisely ) the academic discipline which investigated the coherence and implications of the language and claims of the Bible and of the theological tradition ( the latter often as represented in Peter Lombard's Sentences, a book of extracts from the Church Fathers ).

The King James Version ( 1611 ) and the Challoner Douay Rheims Bible ( 1752 ) prefer the more theological term Charity for the same idea of specifically Christian love.

The term Unitarian is sometimes applied to those who belong to a Unitarian church but who do not hold a Unitarian theological belief.

As a fundamental element of religion, the term " dogma " is assigned to those theological tenets which are considered to be well demonstrated, such that their proposed disputation or revision effectively means that a person no longer accepts the given religion as his or her own, or has entered into a period of personal doubt.

Its founder was Siyyid ` Alí Muhammad Shirazi, who took the title Báb — meaning " Gate "— from a Shi ' a theological term.

" The word " worship " ( in the same way the theological term " cult " is traditionally used ) in these classical definitions was not at all synonymous with adoration, but could be used to introduce either adoration or veneration.

The theological term for this is hypostatic union: the Second Person of the Holy Trinity, God the Son, became flesh when he was miraculously conceived in the womb of the Virgin Mary .< ref >" Incarnation.

The Passion is the Christian theological term used for the events and suffering – physical, spiritual, and mental – of Jesus in the hours before and including his trial and execution by crucifixion.

* Legalism ( theology ), a sometimes pejorative term relating to a number of concepts in the Christian theological tradition

Its longstanding decision to respect " liberty of opinion on matters not affecting the substance of the faith ", means it is relatively tolerant of a variety of theological positions, including those who would term themselves conservative and liberal in their doctrine, ethics and interpretation of Scripture.

" The word " worship " ( in the same way the theological term " cult " is traditionally used ) in these classical definitions was not at all synonymous with adoration, but could be used to introduce either adoration or veneration.

Yet, he chose the term " Arminianism " to distinguish the kind of Evangelicalism his followers were to espouse from that of their Calvinist theological opponents.

The term is an attempt to provide specificity with respect to contents, while avoiding allusion to any particular interpretative tradition or theological school of thought.

Aside from its influence upon later Political Philosophy, the use of the term in Aquinas is also of key importance for the development of the Catholic " Natural Law " Theological Tradition ; its biblical theological provenance goes back to a pregnant statement of the Apostle Paul in his Letter to the Romans ( Romans 2: 12-16 ).

The Catholic and Orthodox Churches do not use this term as its implication of interchangeability does not agree with their theological teachings.

Though the meaning of the term varies slightly in different Christian theological traditions, it generally means that a church or denomination limits participation either to members of their own church, members of their own denomination, or members of some specific class ( e. g., baptized members of evangelical churches ).

Medieval Catholic theology, especially the writings of Thomas Aquinas, had a powerfully Aristotelean cast, and thus term logic became a part of Catholic theological reasoning.

The term was used by National Center for Science Education executive director Eugenie Scott to refer to the part of the overall spectrum of beliefs about creation and evolution holding the theological view that God creates through evolution.

This term is an established theological term within Hindu philosophy which denotes a specific line of theological development within a Hindu religious tradition.

To say this, of course, is to take up a position on one side of a controversy going on now for some two hundred years, or, at any rate, since the beginning of the distinctively modern period in theological thought.

There is no justification for systematizing the random statements of Irenaeus about the image of God beyond this, nor for reading into his imprecise usage the later theological distinction between the image of God ( humanity ) and the similitude of God ( immortality ).

During its preparation he became a friend of Cosima Wagner ( then in Strasbourg ), with whom he had many theological and musical conversations, exploring his view of Bach's descriptive music, and playing the major Chorale Preludes for her at the Temple Neuf.

Three more, to contain the Chorale Preludes with Schweitzer's analyses, were to be worked on in Africa: but these were never completed, perhaps because for him they were inseparable from his evolving theological thought.

The Augustinian, Thomist, Lutheran, and Calvinist theological traditions all emphasize the necessity of God's undeserved grace for salvation, and reject so-called Pelagianism, which would make man earn salvation through good works.

Classical Arminianism ( sometimes titled Reformed Arminianism or Reformation Arminianism ) is the theological system that was presented by Jacobus Arminius and maintained by some of the Remonstrants ; its influence serves as the foundation for all Arminian systems.

The question eventually became the focal point for a philosophical issue ( the theory of possible worlds ) and a theological topic on the distinction between God's absolute power ( potentia absoluta ) and His ordained power ( potentia ordinata ).

During a visit of a delegation of Roman Catholic cardinals in Manhattan in January 2004, he said that “ a meeting like this doesn't signify in itself a breakthrough ”, and called for “ a theological dialogue that asks the tough questions, such as whether Catholicism allows for Jews to enter eternal paradise .”

He continued to lead the conflict against the Arians for the rest of his life and was engaged in theological and political struggles against the Emperors Constantine the Great and Constantius II and powerful and influential Arian churchmen, led by Eusebius of Nicomedia and others.

After killing a religious leader during a theological argument, Nehor was tried and executed for his crimes.

The standard theological view of world history at the time was known as the six ages of the world ; in his book, Bede calculated the age of the world for himself, rather than accepting the authority of Isidore of Seville, and came to the conclusion that Christ had been born 3, 952 years after the creation of the world, rather than the figure of over 5, 000 years that was commonly accepted by theologians.

In his own time, Bede was as well known for his biblical commentaries and exegetical, as well as other theological works.

It was for his theological writings that he earned the title of Doctor Anglorum, and why he was made a saint.

Carolyn Pressler, in a recent commentary for the Westminster Bible Companion series, suggests that readers of Joshua should give priority to its theological message (" what passages teach about God ") and be aware of what these would have meant to audiences in the 7th and 6th centuries BCE.

The two Books of Samuel () are part of a series of historical books ( Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings ) that make up a theological history of the Israelites and affirm and explain God's law for Israel under the guidance of the prophets.

It concludes a series of historical books running from Joshua through Judges and Samuel, the overall purpose which is to provide a theological explanation for the destruction of the Jewish kingdom by Babylon in 586 BCE and a foundation for a return from exile.

Kings is " history-like ," but it mixes legends, folktales, miracle stories and fiction in with the annals, and its primary explanation for all that happens is God's offended sense of what is right ; it is therefore more fruitful to read it as theological literature in the form of history.

The Book of Lamentations reflects the theological and biblical view that what happened to Jerusalem was a deserved punishment ; and its destruction was instigated by their god for the communal sins of the people.

This theological viewpoint was also widespread among Judah ’ s neighbors of differing religions who believed the destruction of a particular city could be attributed to the city ’ s deity who was punishing the city for some communal sin or wrongdoing.

Thus there were two classes of baccalarii: the baccalarii cursores, theological candidates passed for admission to the divinity course ; and the baccalarii dispositi, who, having completed this course, were entitled to proceed to the higher degrees.

Known as Tractarians after their production of Tracts for the Times on theological issues, they advanced the case for the Church of England being essentially a part of the ' Western Church ', of which the Roman Catholic Church was the chief representative.