When Tiberius died on 16 March AD 37, his estate and the titles of the Principate were left to Caligula and Tiberius's own grandson, Gemellus, who were to serve as joint heirs.

Since Mountbatten had no sons, when he was created Viscount Mountbatten of Burma of Romsey in the County of Southampton on 27 August 1946 and then Earl Mountbatten of Burma and Baron Romsey in the County of Southampton on 28 October 1947, the Letters Patent were drafted such that in the event he left no sons or issue in the male line, the titles could pass to his daughters, in order of seniority of birth, and to their heirs male respectively.

Many heirs of Emperor Moctezuma II were acknowledged by the Spanish crown, who granted them titles including Duke of Moctezuma de Tultengo.

However, some princely titles develop in unusual ways, such as adoption of a style for dynasts which is not pegged to the ruler's title, but rather continues an old tradition ( e. g. grand duke in Romanov Russia ), claims dynastic succession to a lost monarchy ( e. g. prince de Tarente for the La Trémoïlle heirs to the Neapolitan throne, or is simply assumed by fiat ( e. g. prince Français by the House of Bonaparte ).

Some hereditary titles can pass through and vest in female heirs in a system called coparcenary.

The Patriarchate was restored by the conquering Islamic Ottoman ruler, Sultan Mehmed II, who wished to establish his dynasty as the direct heirs of the Eastern Roman Emperors, and who adopted the imperial title Kayser-i-Rûm " Caesar of Rome ", one of his subsidiary titles but a most significant one.

These latter peers are entitled to sit in the House of Lords for the duration of their lives, but their titles are not hereditable by their heirs.

Humphrey, the fourth son of King Henry IV, was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke for life, these titles being subsequently made hereditary, with a reversion as regards the Earldom of Pembroke, in default of heirs to Humphrey, to William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk.

John Howard, a Yorkist supporter, was killed at Bosworth Field in 1485 and in the aftermath his son Thomas, the 2nd Duke, was attainted, forfeiting his and his heirs ' rights to his properties and titles, and placed in the Tower of London.

Following his victory at Ramillies Marlborough returned to England and the acclamation of Parliament ; his titles and estates were made perpetual upon his heirs, male or female, in order that ' the memory of these deeds should never lack one of his name to bear it '.

The titles of Lord Douglas of Neidpath, Lyne and Munard, Viscount of Peebles and Earl of March were created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1697 for Lord William Douglas, with remainder to heirs male of his body, failing which to his other heirs male and of tailzie.

King Gustav III revived a tradition from the days of Gustav Vasa and also from medieval times by giving the dynastic male heirs to the throne ducal titles of Swedish provinces.

According to the Spanish Ministry of Justice, nobility and grandee titles are created by the " sovereign grace of the king ", and may be passed on to the recipient's heirs, who may not sell the title.

Both the Earldom of Hereford, Earldom of Northampton and the Earldom of Essex became extant in 1373, reconfirmation of titles on heirs to be issued soon.

Today these terms most commonly describe heirs to hereditary titles, particularly monarchies.

Daughters ( and their lines ) may inherit titles that descend according to male-preference primogeniture, but only in default of sons ( and their heirs ).

The Disraelis died without direct heirs and their titles became extinct ; Hughenden Manor passed to Lord Beaconsfield's nephew Coningsby Ralph Disraeli.

Many monarchies use or did use unique titles for their heirs apparent, often of historical origin:

He resigned this dignity to his younger brother in 1633 ; the brother's heirs inherited the Earldom and other titles in 1680, in the person of Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn.

The Earls of Oxford held no subsidiary titles, and so their heirs apparent were styled by invented courtesy titles: initially Lord Vere, and later Viscount Bolebec ( sometimes spelled Viscount Bulbeck ).

All of the English and Scottish titles that had been bestowed upon the male heirs became extinct.

# the titles would pass to the heirs male of the 1st Earl's younger sons before the heirs male of his eldest son ( who was heir apparent to his mother's Dukedom of Hamilton );

Camilla, second wife of The Prince of Wales, legally holds the title " Princess of Wales ", but at the time that the engagement was announced, it was declared that she would be known by the title " Duchess of Cornwall " ( derived from one of the other titles her husband holds as heir apparent ) in deference, it has been reported, to public feelings about the title's previous holder, the Prince's first wife Diana.

Cadets of France's princes étrangers began to affect similar usage but when, for example, the House of La Tour d ' Auvergne's ruling dukes of Bouillon, attempted to use the same style, it was initially resisted by historians such as Père Anselme – who, however, willingly recognized use of territorial titles, i. e. he accepts that the ducal heir apparent is known as prince de Bouillon, but would record in 1728 only that the heir's cousin, the comte d ' Oliergues was " known as the Prince Frederick " (" dit le prince Frédéric ").

after both The Queen and Prince Philip die and Charles as heir apparent to his father's titles as well as those of his mother becomes King – Sophie should then assume the title of Duchess of Edinburgh.

The heir from birth shall hold the title of Prince of Asturias and the other titles historically associated with the heir apparent.

These additional titles include Prince of Viana, historically associated with the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Navarre ; with the titles Prince of Girona and Duke of Montblanc historically associated with the heir apparent for the Crown of Aragon, among others.

was the apparent inspiration for the titles of two other books: Eat It: A Cookbook by Dana Crumb and Grow It!

It is the title mandated for use by the heir apparent when in Scotland, in preference to the English titles Duke of Cornwall ( which also belongs to the eldest living son of the monarch, when and only when he is also heir apparent, by right ) and Prince of Wales ( traditionally granted to the heir apparent ).

Of the subsidiary titles above, Marquess of Hamilton is the courtesy title of the heir apparent, and Viscount Strabane that of his heir-apparent.

Flex Wheeler seemed to be the heir apparent but Ronnie Coleman surprised everyone with a new improved physique in 1998, winning 8 consecutive titles.

His increasing interest in mineralogy at this time is also apparent from the titles of two books he authored between 1803 and 1809.

The courtesy titles used by heirs apparent are " Marquis of Douglas and Clydesdale " ( the eldest son of the Duke ) and " Earl of Angus " ( the eldest son of a Marquis of Douglas and Clydesdale ).

Before the Dukes succeeded to the Marquisate of Douglas and its subsidiary titles, the heirs apparent were styled initially " Earl of Arran " ( which had previously been used as a courtesy title by the Marquises of Hamilton ) and later " Marquis of Clydesdale " ( the former style then being adopted for a grandson in direct line ).

Although the Earldom of Glamorgan and Viscountcy of Grosmont were not recognised as substantive titles at the restoration of Charles II, because of irregularities in the patent of creation, they have nevertheless continued to be used as convenient courtesy titles in order to distinguish the bearer from the Marquess of Worcester as heir apparent, the Earldom of Worcester not being distinctive enough for this purpose.

The heir apparent and the only person in line of succession to the titles is the present holder's son, Anthony Francis Wolfgang Ashley-Cooper, Lord Ashley ( born 2011 ).

The heir apparent to the marquessate is styled Viscount Castlereagh, although the Marquess is also the Earl Vane, and the heir apparent's heir apparent ( when such exists ), in one of only two exceptions ( the other being Duke of Manchester ) to the ' rule ' that the heirs of Viscounts do not use courtesy titles, is styled Lord Stewart.

Although the titles and distinctions of the Italian royal family have not been legally recognised in Italy since 1946, he is often styled Prince of Naples out of courtesy, particularly by supporters of the former monarchy.

Since 1986, the Saudi monarchy has disclaimed all royal titles except " Custodian of the Two Holy Sanctuaries " or " Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques ".

In republican dictatorships these titles have often proven too tempting to resist, and often at the apex of his power, a dictator will sometimes decide to proclaim himself king, and thus turn the nation into a monarchy.

His descendants, who included some kings of England, continued to hold these titles and property until the French monarchy gained control of the area.

When the monarchy and apanages were restored in 1814, Louis had inherited the throne as Louis XVIII, and his titles merged into the crown.

* Kingdom of Gibraltar, one of the historic substantive titles pertaining to the Spanish monarchy

Count of Barcelona remained one of the many hereditary titles of the Spanish monarchy.

From this point, the title of Count of Provence becomes simply one of the many hereditary titles of the French monarchy.

Many who choose to invent false titles of nobility take advantage of the pool of formerly genuine titles of nobility that derive from a time when a country, now a republic, was once a monarchy ; for example France, Austria, and the many parts of Germany that once had sovereign nobles.

Although the early Roman Emperors were careful to retain the facade of the republican institutions and to not formally adopt monarchical titles, the use of basileus amply illustrates that contemporaries clearly perceived that the Roman Empire was a monarchy in all but name.

Where titles and style ( manner of address ) s ( such as Serene Highness ) had ceased to be recognized by national governments ( e. g. Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia ), the almanac provided associated dates and details, but continued to attribute such titles and styles to individuals and families, consistent with its practice since the French revolution ; deposed sovereigns and dynasties continued to be accorded their former titles and rank, but dates of deposition were noted and titles exclusively associated with sovereignty ( e. g. emperor, queen, grand duke, crown princess ) were not accorded to those who had not borne them during the monarchy.

Independent of the legal situation in Britain, the monarchy was abolished in Austria in 1918, and on 28 April 1919 the newly established Republic of German Austria abolished all noble titles by law.

The 1824 Constitution was composed of 7 titles and 171 articles, and was based on the Constitution of Cadiz for American issues, on the United States Constitution for the formula for federal representation and organization, and on the Constitutional Decree for the Liberty of Mexican America of 1814, which abolished the monarchy.

However, since the abolition of the Greek monarchy, the royal titles are recognized by the Dutch Monarchy and the Danish Royal Family.

Increasing anti-German hysteria even threw suspicion upon the British monarchy and King George V was persuaded to change his German name of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to Windsor and relinquish all German titles and styles on behalf of his relatives who were British subjects.

", and also that since he believed inherited titles were " inextricably " tied to the monarchy that it was " odd that they just want to touch one institution and not the other ".

This category includes articles related to monarchy as an institution, and other aspects of royalty in general and its types, including ruler titles, succession laws and related concepts.

Since Simeon had been exiled as a child and Bulgaria never returned to being a monarchy, Simeon's wife and children never received any royal titles from Bulgaria.

He united these two titles by dynastic inheritance and, through conquest and diplomacy, added some more lands to his realm, effectively becoming the first king of what is generally known as a unified Georgian monarchy.

Often however these titles are not acceded by the modern monarchy, either because the family is registered as untitled nobility and may thus only use the honorific or predicate, or because the family has never requested to be registered but possesses a grant of nobility which predates the founding of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815 ; the latter are often Habsburg in origin.