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Page "History of Russia" ¶ 75
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tsar and was
The Duchy of Warsaw was replaced with the Kingdom of Poland, a residual Polish state in personal union with the Russian Empire, ruled by the Russian tsar.
Unlike his father, the new tsar Alexander III ( 1881 1894 ) was throughout his reign a staunch reactionary who revived the maxim of " Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and National Character ".
The Industrial Revolution, which began to exert a significant influence in Russia, was meanwhile creating forces that would finally overthrow the tsar.
The question was whether these nationalities were to be allowed to become independent or were only to exchange the tyranny of the sultan for the tyranny of the tsar or the Habsburg emperor.
When her husband assumed the title of tsar, which literally means Caesar, she was crowned the very first Tsaritsa.
Among his children by Anastasia, the elder ( Ivan ) was murdered by the tsar in a quarrel ; the younger Feodor, a pious and lethargic prince, inherited the throne upon his father's death.
Alexander III, the second-to-last Romanov tsar, was responsible for conservative reforms in Russia.
When the tsar was overthrown in 1917, Jadidists established a short-lived autonomous state at Quqon.
In 1698 Van Leeuwenhoek was invited in the boat of tsar Peter the Great.
Chaim Rickover was born to Abraham Rickover and Rachel ( née Unger ) Rickover, a Jewish family in Maków Mazowiecki of Poland, at that time ruled by the last Russian tsar, Nicholas II.
It has often been noticed that such politicies were linked with the Metternich counter-revolutionary system ; indeed, Austrian special ambassador Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont was well known for his wide influence over the tsar of whom he was a close friend.
Charles XII was now able to speedily deploy his army to the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea and face his remaining enemies: besides the army of Augustus II in Livonia, an army of Russian tsar Peter I was already on its way to invade Swedish Ingria, where it laid siege to Narva in October.
In fact, Louis Roederer had been producing Cristal since 1876, but this was strictly for the private consumption of the Russian tsar.
The article was authored by physicist He Zuoxiu who, as Porter and Gutmann note, is a relative of Politburo member and public security tsar Luo Gan.
The current name Sofia was first used in the 14th-century Vitosha Charter of Bulgarian tsar Ivan Shishman or in a Ragusan merchant's notes of 1376 ; it refers to the famous Holy Sophia Church, an ancient church in the city named after the Christian concept of the Holy Wisdom.
Their ancient right to leave the service of one prince for another was curtailed, as was their right to hold land without giving obligatory service to the tsar.
Boris Fyodorovich Godunov (, ; c. 1551 ) was de facto regent of Russia from c. 1585 to 1598 and then the first non-Rurikid tsar from 1598 to 1605.
In 1868 / 9 he composed the opera Boris Godunov, about the life of the Russian tsar, but it was rejected by the Mariinsky Opera.
Various festive processions were held there, and during Palm Sunday the famous " procession on a donkey " was arranged, in which the patriarch, sitting on a donkey, accompanied by the tsar and the people went out of Saint Basil's Cathedral in the Kremlin.
One tent was even erected on the wall above Red Square ( the so-called Tsarskaya Tower, intended so that the tsar could watch from this spot the various ceremonies in the square ).

tsar and succeeded
The Mensheviks believed that Russian socialism would grow gradually and peacefully and that the tsar ’ s regime should be succeeded by a democratic republic in which the socialists would cooperate with the liberal bourgeois parties.
Feodor was succeeded as tsar by Godunov, who had for many years ruled in Feodor's name.
Tsar Dušan suddenly died in 1355 at the age of about 47, and was succeeded by his 20-year-old son Stefan Uroš V. Lazar remained a stavilac at the court of the new tsar.
His attempt failed, but the son of Duke Charles Frederick and Duchess Anna Petrovna, Charles Peter Ulrich ( who succeeded as Duke of Holstein-Gottorp in 1739 ), eventually became Russian tsar in 1762, as Peter III.

tsar and by
The upper reaches of the Kama and Chusovaya in the Middle Urals, still unexplored, as well as parts of Transuralia still held by the hostile Siberian Khanate, were granted to the Stroganovs by several decrees of the tsar in 1558 1574.
* March 2 False Dmitry III is recognised as tsar by the Cossacks.
In the Battle of Poltava on June 27, 1709 ( Old Style ), or July 8 ( New Style ), tsar Peter the First, commanding 34, 000 troops, defeated a Swedish army of 17, 000 troops led by Field Marshal Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld ( who had received the command of the army after the wounding of the Swedish king Charles XII on June 17 ).
Many believe he has been murdered by his rival, Boris Godunov, who becomes tsar.
Although the Cossacks were defeated in 1651 in the battle of Beresteczko, Khmelnytsky sought help from Russian tsar, and by the Treaty of Pereyaslav Russia dominated and partially occupied the eastern lands of the Commonwealth since 1655.
In June 1902, by the order of tsar Nicholas II, Sosnowiec was legally named a city with the area of 19 km² and with 60, 000 inhabitants.
Others who gained the title unofficially by marrying a tsar were Elizabeth Alexeevna, Alexandra Fyodorovna ( Charlotte of Prussia ), Maria Alexandrovna, Maria Fyodorovna, and Eleonore of Reuss-Köstritz, who became Tsaritsa of Bulgaria following her marriage to Tsar Ferdinand.
But in February the Greeks revolted in Thrace, relying on the assistance of Kaloyan, tsar of Bulgaria, whose overtures of alliance had been rejected by the emperor.
Although Ivan was considered the " senior tsar ", actual power was wielded by his
Being unhealthy and, by some reports, intellectually disabled, Feodor was only the nominal ruler, having his duties handed over to his wife's brother and trusted minister Boris Godunov, who would later succeed Feodor as tsar.
Forensic facial reconstruction of tsar Feodor Ioannovich, by Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gerasimov | Mikhail Gerasimov ( 1963 )
Voyevoda ( singular ) was appointed by the Tsar's Prikaz and confirmed by the Boyar Duma ( the advisory state institution to tsar ) for the length of two to three years.
In the 16th and 17th centuries the church, perceived as the earthly symbol of the Heavenly City, as happens to all churches in Byzantine Christianity, was popularly known as the " Jerusalem " and served as an allegory of the Jerusalem Temple in the annual Palm Sunday parade attended by the Patriarch of Moscow and the tsar.

tsar and younger
* a Russian feudal term for an appanage given to a younger son of the tsar or other male member of the imperial family

tsar and brother
Some sources claim the originator was the brother of tsar Petar, the fourth of the sons of Simeon I-Beneamin-Boyan, known in Bulgaria under the name Boyan the Magus.
Koschei is described as " the tsar of life "; his brother, the tsar of death, is his antagonist.
Tsar Nicholas II abdicated on March 2 ( Julian calendar ) and nominated his brother, Grand Duke Michael as the next tsar.
But on April 12, 1865 his pupil Nicholas died, but Pobedonostsev was invited to teach Nicholas's brother Alexander ( the future tsar Alexander III ).
A group of officers commanding about 3, 000 men refused to swear allegiance to the new tsar, Alexander's brother Nicholas, proclaiming instead their loyalty to the idea of a Russian constitution.
In 1393 the Bulgarian tsar Ivan Shishman had lost Nicopolis — his temporary capital — to the Ottomans, while his brother, Ivan Stratsimir, still held Vidin but had been reduced to an Ottoman vassal.
While running the factory in St. Petersburg, he asked his older brother, Robert Nobel to explore southern Russia for wood to make gun stocks for the tsar.
They refused to swear allegiance to the new tsar, Nicholas I, instead proclaiming their loyalty to his brother, Grand Duke Constantine, and to the Decembrists ' constitution, crying " Constantine and Constituzia ( Constitution ).
A group of officers commanding about 3, 000 men refused to swear allegiance to the new tsar, Alexander's brother Nicholas, proclaiming instead their loyalty to the idea of a Russian constitution.

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