His chief work is a Historia Francorum, or Libri v de Gestis Francorum, which deals with the history of the Franks from the earliest times to 653, and was continued by other writers until the middle of the twelfth century.

1143 ), English chronicler, was sacristan of the church of Beverley in the first half of the twelfth century.

The social system of " courtly love ", as gradually elaborated by the Provençal troubadours from the mid twelfth century, soon spread.

It deals with several specific themes that were the subject of poetical debate among late twelfth century troubadours and trobairitz.

Abu Salih the Armenian, writing in the last quarter of the twelfth century, makes one early reference to this belief that they possessed the Ark.

Extreme Unction was the usual name for the sacrament in the West from the late twelfth century until 1972, and was thus used at the Council of Trent and in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.

Peter Lombard ( died 1160 ) is the first writer known to have used the term, which did not become the usual name in the West till towards the end of the twelfth century, and never became current in the East.

Up to the twelfth or thirteenth century, the duty of the Apostolic-or Roman Chancery was to prepare and expedite the pontifical letters and writs for collation of church dignities and other matters of grave importance which were discussed and decided in Consistory.

Such names have not yet been shown conclusively to predate the twelfth century, but there are indications that they may be considerably older.

Maimonides, a twelfth century rabbi, discusses Job in his work The Guide for the Perplexed.

The Lutician uprising of 983 practically annihilated it ; bishops continued to be named, but they were merely titular, until the downfall of the Wends in the twelfth century and the German eastward settlement in the diocesan region revived the bishopric.

The font of a type common in Cornwall is of the twelfth century: large and finely carved.

: " From the tenth to the twelfth century Byzantium was the main source of inspiration for the West.

Similarly those of the Palatine Chapel, the Martorana at Palermo, and the cathedral of Cefalù, together with the vast decoration of the cathedral at Monreale, demonstrate the influence of Byzantium on the Norman Court of Sicily in the twelfth century.

Such was the influence of Byzantine art in the twelfth century, that Russia, Venice, southern Italy and Sicily all virtually became provincial centres dedicated to its production.

In the twelfth century the practice of appointing ecclesiastics from outside Rome as cardinals began, with each of them being assigned a church in Rome as his titular church, or being linked with one of the suburbicarian dioceses, while still being incardinated in a diocese other than that of Rome.

" There is a wood named " Fethelée " mentioned in a twelfth century document that relates to Stoke Lyne, in Oxfordshire, and it now is thought that the battle of Fethan leag must have been fought in this area.

By the twelfth century great churches in Germany, like those elsewhere were finding it difficult to hold out against the accumulation of lay custom and lay objections to temporary inheritance.

They almost completely superseded hand bows in many European armies in the twelfth century for a number of reasons.

After the middle of the twelfth century, the Ma ' an family superseded the Tanukhs in Druze leadership.

According to later accounts, the Nile had, by around the twelfth century, just six branches.

However, because al-Rammah attributes his material to " his father and forefathers ", al-Hassan argues that gunpowder became prevalent in Syria and Egypt by " the end of the twelfth century or the beginning of the thirteenth ".

Additionally, scholars such as Margot Fassler and Marianna Richert Pfau describe Hildegard's music as highly melismatic, often with recurrent melodic units, and also note her close attention to the relationship between music and text, which was a rare occurrence in monastic chant of the twelfth century.

The exact sources of his work are disputed, but included earlier kings ' sagas, such as Morkinskinna, Fagrskinna and the twelfth century Norwegian synoptic histories and oral traditions, notably many skaldic poems.

The factual content of the work tends to be deemed more credible as it discusses more recent times, as the distance in time between the events described and the composition of the saga was shorter, allowing traditions to be retained in a largely accurate form, and because in the twelfth century the first contemporary written sources begin to emerge in Norway.

Although the Lhapa subsect had been successfully challenged in the twelfth century by another Kargyupa subsect — the Drukpa — led by Tibetan monk Phajo Drugom Shigpo, it continued to proselytize until the seventeenth century.

The Irish monk Saint Colman ( or Koloman, Irish Colmán, derived from colm " dove ") is buried in Melk Abbey and Saint Fergil ( Virgil the Geometer ) was Bishop of Salzburg for forty years, and twelfth century monastic settlements were founded by Irish Benedictines.

In the twelfth century the Parisian monk Adam of St. Victor began to derive music from popular songs, introducing something closer to the traditional Christmas carol.

Her taste was not out of place in the ancient Japanese court and in the twelfth century, a retired Buddhist monk, Yoshida Kenkō, exerted his influence on Japanese aesthetic sensibility resulting from his philosophy of life.

Zonaras, a Byzantine monk from the twelfth century AD, transcribed works that were written by Romans around the time of the Punic Wars.

No other English monk of the twelfth century so lingers in the memory.

And for the same reason Nigellus Vireker, a Benedictine monk of Canterbury in the twelfth century, contrasts the life of canons regular with that of his own fellow-monks and the Cistercians, pointing out the advantages of the former.

The sect began in the twelfth century when a monk named Ryōnin wrote commentary on rituals and hymns in practice at the time and founded the school.

Saint Regulus or Saint Rule ( Old Gaelic: Riagal ) was a monk of Patras who, in the fourth century, according to a Scottish legend that became current during the twelfth century ( National Archives of Scotland ), fled to Scotland with the bones of Saint Andrew, and deposited them at St Andrews.

Three years earlier his fame had earned him the position of lecturer on the The Four Books of Sentences — a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century — and in 1255 he received the degree of master, the medieval equivalent of doctor.

From the twelfth century, papal bulls have carried a lead seal with the heads of the apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul on one side and the pope ’ s signature on the other.

Peter the Venerable, also working in the twelfth century, studied Islam and made possible a Latin translation of the Qur ' an.

* Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Howard, Henry, twelfth earl of Suffolk and fifth earl of Berkshire ( 1739 – 1779 ), politician, by Peter D. G. Thomas

The Four Books of Sentences ( Libri Quattuor Sententiarum ) is a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century.

Notable buildings in the village include the church of St Peter and Paul, which has a nave which was possibly built before the twelfth century, a thirteen century chancel and a fourteenth century tower, the upper half of which is octagonal and was built at a later date.

Nevertheless, Klitschko went on to stagger Peter badly in the twelfth winning a unanimous decision.

* Narjis, mother of Muhammad al-Mahdi the twelfth and last Imam of Shi ' a Islam, Byzantine Princess, reportedly the descendant of the disciple Simon Peter, the vicegerent of Jesus