Raymond delves deeply into the contrast between the stated aims of open source and observed behaviors, and also explores the underlying motivations of people involved in the open source movement.

The underlying physiological mechanisms involved in color opponency include the bipolar and ganglion cells in the retina, which process the signal originated by the retinal cones before it is sent to the brain.

For some genres of programmes – such as drama and entertainment – the actors, writers, and musicians involved in a production all have underlying rights.

Due to some of the circumstances of the prosecution and the underlying situation at the hospital, a special prosecutor with the Texas Attorney General's office became involved after the criminal prosecution against the two nurses ended.

The Supreme Court rejected that claim and affirmed the District Court's denial of SLAPP relief, holding “ The District Court properly denied a motion to dismiss where the underlying claim involved an alleged breach of a settlement agreement that potentially limited the moving party ’ s rights to public participation .” The Supreme Court explained:

Apple was also involved in the Taligent project during some of this period, which offered somewhat similar functionality although based on very different underlying mechanisms.

The pricing of such options naturally needs to take into account FX volatility and the correlation between the exchange rate of the two currencies involved and the underlying stock price.

They are the underlying reasons why people become involved in a conflict.

* Legal Entity Identification for Financial Contracts, LEI-an identification system to track all parties involved in a financial security transaction including: buyer, seller and issuing ( or underlying ) companies.

Although the process of consultation underlying plan coordination remained essentially bilateral, Comecon organs were indirectly involved.

But the underlying problem often faced is the semantics involved in the subject, with many different authors citing numerous characteristics of a cluster.

The underlying aims of NaSFA, to foster sharing of resources, knowledge and support for and between student fundraising organisations have contributed to the 30 Rags involved.

* Although computer systems can be highly sophisticated, they cannot analyze all the information involved in a crime series and they are only as good as the accuracy of their algorithms ' underlying assumptions

These were usually first sat by a candidate and included the underlying mathematics involved in actuarial work as well as an introduction to financial and economic issues.

* The plot of the 1997 film Face / Off is based on a face transplant operation that involved changing the underlying structure and actual face shape.

In criminal cases in the U. S. it has been held improper for a court to enter an order of nolle prosequi on its own without a motion by the prosecutor, but as to sentencing discrepancies involved in a sentence recommendation, a trial judge is authorized to reject an underlying guilty plea based upon concerns of fairness and justice or because it is presented after the plea cutoff date.

Dysgraphia is also in part due to underlying problems in orthographic coding, the orthographic loop, and graphmotor output ( the movements that result in writing ) by one ’ s hands, fingers and executive functions involved in letter writing.

However, anyone else directly involved in the commission of the crime, such as the lookout or the getaway car driver, is an accomplice, even though in the absence of an underlying offense keeping a lookout or driving a car would not be an offense.

Given that there is an asset underlying the value of the certificate, there may be, depending on the value of the asset, more security for the investors involved, accounting for the additional appeal of Sukuk as a method of financing for investors.

It involved a much more reflective guitar riff and underlying bass line.

Its important advantage is that it subjects an investor's interest in securities to the law of a single jurisdiction, even where evidence of underlying securities is situated in many different countries, or where various issuers in a single portfolio is involved.

A fair reading of the underlying case, Wechsler v. Squadron, seems to support the first reading — that all relevant shareholders and decision-makers must be involved for the fraud to be imputed to the corporation.

These were usually first sat by a candidate and included the underlying mathematics involved in actuarial work as well as an introduction to financial and economic issues.

The term partitioning is commonly used to refer to the underlying chemical and physical processes involved in liquid – liquid extraction but may be fully synonymous.

This pressure has urged re-evaluation of the assumptions underlying their professional ethics ; ;

This disease has been occasionally associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, septicemia associated with immune complex deposition, methanol poisoning, and other underlying conditions.

Abstraction in mathematics is the process of extracting the underlying essence of a mathematical concept, removing any dependence on real world objects with which it might originally have been connected, and generalizing it so that it has wider applications or matching among other abstract descriptions of equivalent phenomena.

The most pervasive influence on these languages has been syntactical, and they tend to combine the recognizable expression and statement syntax of C with underlying type systems and data models that can be radically different.

Modern citizenship has often been looked at as two competing underlying ideas:

An underlying principle is that the chain may be considered a rigid body once it has attained equilibrium.

The cladding of red marble applied to the Aedicule by Komminos has deteriorated badly and is detaching from the underlying structure ; since 1947 it has been held in place with an exterior scaffolding of iron girders installed by the British Mandate.

This Latin Diatessaron textual tradition has also been suggested as underlying the enigmatic 16th century Islam-inflected Gospel of Barnabas ( Joosten, 2002 ).

The buyer of a Call option has a right to buy a certain quantity of the underlying asset, at a specified price on or before a given date in the future, he however has no obligation whatsoever to carry out this right.

Similarly, the buyer of a Put option has the right to sell a certain quantity of an underlying asset, at a specified price on or before a given date in the future, he however has no obligation whatsoever to carry out this right.

In many cases, it is unknown whether a particular " disease " has one, several, or no underlying biological causes, with controversy arising over whether some diseases are merely an artifact of the attempt to construct a unified classification scheme, rather than a " real " disease.

Perhaps one effect underlying this common misconception is the fact that the color restriction is not transitive: a region only has to be colored differently from regions it touches directly, not regions touching regions that it touches.

The OGL license has allowed the FATE role-playing game to use Fudge as its underlying mechanic.

The subject has a close relationship with the discipline of financial economics, which is concerned with much of the underlying theory.

When severe hypoglycemia has persisted in a hospitalized patient, the amount of glucose required to maintain satisfactory blood glucose levels becomes an important clue to the underlying etiology.

It has been frequently found that those Type 1 diabetics found " dead in bed " in the morning after suspected severe hypoglycemia had some underlying coronary pathology that led to an induced fatal heart attack.

For a fund structured as a company, shares will be both issued and redeemed at the net asset value (" NAV ") per share, so that if the value of the underlying investments has increased ( and the NAV per share has therefore also increased ) then the investor will receive a larger sum on redemption than it paid on investment.

According to Daniel Boyarin, the underlying distinction between religion and ethnicity is foreign to Judaism itself, and is one form of the dualism between spirit and flesh that has its origin in Platonic philosophy and that permeated Hellenistic Judaism.

She has been active in the development of the protocols underlying the Internet.

Jainism has a distinct idea underlying Tirthankara worship.