The mass, radius and luminosity of a star are closely interlinked, and their respective values can be approximated by three relations.

A Hertzsprung – Russell Diagram can be plotted for these clusters which has absolute values known on the luminosity axis.

In practice, the integral is replaced by a sum over discrete wavelengths for which tabulated values of the luminosity function are available.

The CIE distributes standard tables with luminosity function values at 5 nm intervals from 380 nm to 780 nm.

While uniform density is not correct, one can get a rough order of magnitude estimate of the expected age of our star by inserting known values for the mass and radius of the Sun, and then dividing by the known luminosity of the Sun.

Another measure is the ANSI contrast, in which the measurement is done with a checker board patterned test image where the black and white luminosity values are measured simultaneously.

*< cite id = morrste2004 > L V Morrison, F R Stephenson ( 2004 ), " Historical values of the Earth's clock error ΔT and the calculation of eclipses ", Journal for the History of Astronomy ( ISSN 0021-8286 ), vol.

For a population of size n, with a sequence of values y < sub > i </ sub >, i = 1 to n, that are indexed in non-decreasing order ( y < sub > i </ sub > ≤ y < sub > i + 1 </ sub >), the Lorenz curve is the continuous piecewise linear function connecting the points ( F < sub > i </ sub >, L < sub > i </ sub > ), i

These specifications were provided by calculating adequate intakes from measured intakes in populations of individuals with “ desirable osmolarity values of urine and desirable water volumes per energy unit consumed .” For healthful hydration, the current EFSA guidelines recommend total water intakes of 2. 0 L / day for adult females and 2. 5 L / day for adult males.

< li > Move the head ( which is described by d < sub > k </ sub > and can have values: ' L ' for one step left or ' R ' for one step right or ' N ' for staying in the same place ), and then </ li >

For instance, in Italian, these versions variously call the play L ' importanza di essere Franco / Severo / Fedele, the given names being respectively the values of honesty, propriety, and loyalty.

Meanwhile, the American mathematician, Emil L. Post ( 1921 ), also introduced the formulation of additional truth degrees with n ≥ 2, where n are the truth values.

Min Zhou and Carl L. Bankston in their study of a Vietnamese community in New Orleans find that preserving traditional ethnic values enable immigrants to integrate socially and to maintain solidarity in an ethnic community.

One randomized controlled trial found that self-monitoring of blood glucose did not improve the HbA1c among " reasonably well controlled non-insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes ". A recent meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials encompassing 7677 patients showed that self-care management intervention improves glycemic control in Diabetics, with an estimated 0. 36 % ( 95 % CI, 0. 21-0. 51 ) reduction in their glycosylated Hemoglobin values .< ref > Minet, L., Moller, S., Vach, W., Wagner, L., & Henriksen, J. E. ( 2010 ).

Assuming that quantized values of L are equally spaced, the spacing between neighboring energies is

The L < sup > 1 </ sup >- regularized formulation is useful in some contexts due to its tendency to prefer solutions with fewer nonzero parameter values, effectively reducing the number of variables upon which the given solution is dependent.

Journalist John L. O ' Sullivan, an influential advocate for Jacksonian democracy and a complex character described by Julian Hawthorne as " always full of grand and world-embracing schemes ", wrote an article in 1839, which, while not using the term " Manifest Destiny ", did predict a " divine destiny " for the United States based upon values such as equality, rights of conscience, and personal enfranchisement " to establish on earth the moral dignity and salvation of man ".

DELTA, ( D ) Determining cultural values, ( E ) Employing typical coaching techniques, ( L ) Looking and listening for motivational needs and deficiencies, ( T ) Tailoring coaching techniques to motivational needs and cultural values, and ( A ) Assessing the effectiveness of these.

Other scholars have made a study of specific uses of ideographs such as “ family values ”< ref > Cloud, D. L. ( 1998 ).

In practice, the separation distance of the mirrors L is usually much greater than the wavelength of light λ, so the relevant values of q are large ( around 10 < sup > 5 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 6 </ sup >).

Let X be a g-dimensional torus given as X = V / L where V is a complex vector space of dimension g and L is a lattice in V. Then X is an abelian variety if and only if there exists a positive definite hermitian form on V whose imaginary part takes integral values on L × L.

While sources vary on specific normal range values for patients, 10-40 U / L is the standard normal range for experimental studies.

In the left part there were four beads, which in the first row have unitary values ( 1, 2, 3, and 4 ), and in the right side there are three beads with values of 5, 10, and 15 respectively.

Although the lowest salinity values are just north of the equator ( because of heavy tropical rainfall ), in general the lowest values are in the high latitudes and along coasts where large rivers enter.

The rules restricting the values of the quantum numbers, and their energies ( see below ), explain the electron configuration of the atoms and the periodic table.

At pH values greater than the pKa of the carboxylic acid group ( mean for the 20 common amino acids is about 2. 2, see the table of amino acid structures above ), the negative carboxylate ion predominates.

At pH values lower than the pKa of the α-ammonium group ( mean for the 20 common α-amino acids is about 9. 4 ), the nitrogen is predominantly protonated as a positively charged α-ammonium group.

In computer science, an array data structure or simply an array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements ( values or variables ), each identified by at least one array index or key.

In standard arrays, each index is restricted to a certain range of consecutive integers ( or consecutive values of some enumerated type ), and the address of an element is computed by a " linear " formula on the indices.

In general, if y = f ( x ), then it can be transformed into y = af ( b ( x − k )) + h. In the new transformed function, a is the factor that vertically stretches the function if it is greater than 1 or vertically compresses the function if it is less than 1, and for negative a values, the function is reflected in the x-axis.

For example, the graph contains the points ( 1, 1 ), ( 2, 0. 5 ), ( 5, 0. 2 ), ( 10, 0. 1 ), ... As the values of x become larger and larger, say 100, 1000, 10, 000 ..., putting them far to the right of the illustration, the corresponding values of y,. 01,. 001,. 0001, ..., become infinitesimal relative to the scale shown.

The two values can also be interpreted as logical values ( true / false, yes / no ), algebraic signs (+/−), activation states ( on / off ), or any other two-valued attribute.

The C # programming language, along with other. NET-languages, has both the unsigned byte ( named ) and the signed byte ( named ), holding values from 0 to 255 and-128 to 127, respectively.

They are proficient at cheating at ventiuna ( Spanish for twenty-one ), and state that the object of the game is to reach 21 points without going over and that the ace values 1 or 11.

The grammar of Blissymbols is based on a certain interpretation of nature, dividing it into matter ( material things ), energy ( actions ), and human values ( mental evaluations ).

: is the radius at which the field amplitude and intensity drop to 1 / e and 1 / e < sup > 2 </ sup > of their axial values, respectively,

For example, we may seek a harmonic function that takes on the values u ( θ ) on a circle of radius one.

The sharpness of this ogive is expressed by the ratio of its radius to the diameter of the cylinder ; a value of one half being a hemispherical dome, and larger values being progressively more pointed.

Depending on values of radius r and their transition over the length of the fingerboard, all fingerboards usually fit into one of the following four categories:

In mathematics, the spectral radius of a square matrix or a bounded linear operator is the supremum among the absolute values of the elements in its spectrum, which is sometimes denoted by ρ (·).

Consider a sphere S ( r ) with radius r. A point on the sphere is identified by its latitude φ and longitude λ, for which we introduce the random variables Φ and Λ that take values in Ω < sub > 1 </ sub > = respectively Ω < sub > 2 </ sub > =.

Another example is the radius of a sphere, obtaining different values depending on the way it is measured ( say, in metres and in millimeters ).

So it is customary to find the critical buckling load for various structures which are cylindrical in shape from pre-existing design curves where critical buckling load F < sub > cr </ sub > is plotted against the ratio R / t, where R is the radius and t is the thickness of the cylinder for various values of L / R, L the length of the cylinder.

If 243 Ida were given the same radius and orbit values as Gaspra, it would spin up or down twice as fast, while a body with Phobos ' shape would take several billion years to change its spin by the same amount.

Models based on the Voyager and Galileo measurements of the moon's mass, radius and quadrupole gravitational coefficients ( numerical values related to how mass is distributed within an object ) suggest that its interior is differentiated between an outer, silicate-rich crust and mantle and an inner, iron-or iron sulfide-rich core.

* He has assumed a value of 60 units for the radius of the Earth and gives values for sines at 1 ° intervals.

The magnitudes of extreme values are equal to the radius of the Mohr's circle, but with different signs.

The third term is attractive and dominates at small r values, giving a critical inner radius r < sub > inner </ sub > at which a particle is drawn inexorably inwards to r = 0 ; this inner radius is a function of the particle's angular momentum per unit mass or, equivalently, the a length-scale defined above.

Using the above derivations we can substitute the universal constants h, G, and c, and determine physical values for the particle's mass and radius.

Other values, such as the total mass and the axial coupling constant, are not precisely invariant like the baryon number, but are mostly insensitive to the bag radius, as long as the bag radius is kept below the nucleon diameter.

The resulting ellipse of distortion will also have infinitesimal radius, but by the mathematics of differentials, the ratios of these infinitesimal values are finite.