In his early work on von Neumann algebras in the 1970s, he succeeded in obtaining the almost complete classification of injective factors.

It is quite conventional in principle in past and present computing machines of the most varied types, e. g. desk multipliers, standard IBM counters, more modern relay machines, the ENIAC " ( Goldstine and von Neumann, 1946 ; p. 98 in Bell and Newell 1971 ).

* Goldstine, Herman H., and von Neumann, John, " Planning and Coding of the Problems for an Electronic Computing Instrument ", Rep. 1947, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.

Following the work on expected utility theory of Ramsey and von Neumann, decision-theorists have accounted for rational behavior using a probability distribution for the agent.

Johann Pfanzagl completed the Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by providing an axiomatization of subjective probability and utility, a task left uncompleted by von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern: their original theory supposed that all the agents had the same probability distribution, as a convenience.

On June 30, 1945, before ENIAC was made, mathematician John von Neumann distributed the paper entitled First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC.

While von Neumann is most often credited with the design of the stored-program computer because of his design of EDVAC, others before him, such as Konrad Zuse, had suggested and implemented similar ideas.

The key difference between the von Neumann and Harvard architectures is that the latter separates the storage and treatment of CPU instructions and data, while the former uses the same memory space for both.

Most modern CPUs are primarily von Neumann in design, but elements of the Harvard architecture are commonly seen as well.

Almost all common CPUs today can be very accurately described as von Neumann stored-program machines.

These newer concerns are among the many factors causing researchers to investigate new methods of computing such as the quantum computer, as well as to expand the usage of parallelism and other methods that extend the usefulness of the classical von Neumann model.

Most modern computers are von Neumann machines.

Alan Turing and John von Neumann were instrumental in these developments.

They are also sometimes called " Auxons ", from the Greek word auxein which means " to grow ", or " von Neumann machines " after John von Neumann, who first rigorously studied the idea.

This last term (" von Neumann machine ") is less specific and also refers to a completely unrelated computer architecture proposed by von Neumann, so its use is discouraged where accuracy is important.

Subsequently John von Neumann attempted to establish a general framework for these algebras which culminated in a series of papers on rings of operators.

These papers considered a special class of C *- algebras which are now known as von Neumann algebras.

He has received various other awards including the Turing Award, the National Medal of Science, the John von Neumann Medal, and the Kyoto Prize.

* John von Neumann Medal, 1995

The first description of civil, criminal and procedural law for a city in Germany in the German language, the Ordeelbook ( Ordeel: sentence ) was written by the solicitor of the senate of Hamburg, Jordan von Boitzenburg, in 1270.

Original von Hippel's description of disease.

Some images are motivated by the biography of the person depicted, but some designs just draw their motif from the poet's name ( thus, Dietmar is shown riding a mule, since his name can be interpreted as meaning people's horse ), while others draw on imagery from their lyrics ( Walther von der Vogelweide is shown in a thoughtful pose which exactly matches the description of himself in one of his most famous songs ).

The first explicit description of iridological principles such as homolaterality ( without using the word iridology ) are found in Chiromatica Medica, a famous work published in 1665 and reprinted in 1670 and 1691 by Philippus Meyeus ( Philip Meyen von Coburg ).

The specific term " singularity " as a description for a phenomenon of technological acceleration causing an eventual unpredictable outcome in society was coined by mathematician and physicist Stanislaw Ulam as early as 1958, when he wrote of a conversation with John von Neumann concerning the " ever accelerating progress of technology and changes in the mode of human life, which gives the appearance of approaching some essential singularity in the history of the race beyond which human affairs, as we know them, could not continue.

Although von Neumann's projection postulate is often presented as a normative description of quantum measurement, it was conceived by taking into account experimental evidence available during the 1930s ( in particular the Compton-Simon experiment has been paradigmatic ), and many important present-day measurement procedures do not satisfy it ( so-called measurements of the second kind ).

The legend became more popular after it appeared in a 17th-century pamphlet of four leaves, Kurtze Beschreibung und Erzählung von einem Juden mit Namen Ahasverus ( Short description and tale of a Jew with the name Ahasuerus ).

Rachmaninoff's detailed description to von Riesemann is of interest:

Chamisso will be remembered for his work as a botanist ; his most important work, done in conjunction with Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal, was the description of many of the most important trees of Mexico in 1830-1831.

This vortex trail is called the Von Kármán vortex street after von Kármán's 1912 mathematical description of the phenomenon.

* Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring publishes his description of Pterodactylus which he names Ornithocephalus antiquus.

In a description of the border between the County of Werdenfels and Austria, it states that the same border runs " from the Zugspitz and over the Derle " ( von dem Zugspitz und über den Derle ") and continues to a bridge over the River Loisach.

Alexander von Humboldt published illustrations and a description of Xochicalco in 1810.

This was succeeded by a new edition of William Curtis's Flora Londinensis, for which he wrote the descriptions ( 1817-1828 ); by a description of the Plantae cryptogamicae of Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland ; by the Muscologia, a very complete account of the mosses of Britain and Ireland, prepared in conjunction with Thomas Taylor ( 1818 ); and by his Musci exotici ( 2 vols., 1818-1820 ), devoted to new foreign mosses and other cryptogamic plants.

When von Bonin and Bailey constructed a brain map for the macaque monkey they found the description of Brodmann inadequate and wrote:

* Wilhelm Beer and Johann Heinrich von Mädler publish a definitive description of the Moon, Der Mond nach seinen kosmischen und individuellen Verhältnissen.

Similar legends may be found in Wolfram von Eschenbach's description of the Holy Grail as the " Lapis Exillis ", guarded by the Knights Templar, or in the Philosophers ' stone of the alchemists, the " Lapis Elixir ".

Based on Długosz's description, later generations have imputed Ulrich von Jungingen with hot-bloodedness and arrogance.

Wilkes obtained a copy of John von Neumann's prepress description of the EDVAC, a successor to the ENIAC under construction by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering.

*, 1996: Anmerkungen uber die siziliansche Population von Callimorpha dominula L. mit Bschreibung einer neuen Untrart ( Lepidoptera: Arctiidae ) on the population of Callimorpha dominula L. from Sicily, with description of a new subspecies ( Lepidoptera: Arctiidae ).

* June 30-Distribution of John von Neumann's First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, containing the first published description of the logical design of a computer with stored-program and instruction data stored in the same address space within the memory ( von Neumann architecture ).

The quantum Hall effect was discovered by Klaus von Klitzing in 1980 when he observed the Hall conductivity to be integer multiples of a fundamental constant.

His work was a key aspect of Hermann Weyl and John von Neumann's work on the mathematical equivalence of Werner Heisenberg's matrix mechanics and Erwin Schrödinger's wave equation and his namesake Hilbert space plays an important part in quantum theory.

Though theories of quantum mechanics continue to evolve to this day, there is a basic framework for the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics which underlies most approaches and can be traced back to the mathematical work of John von Neumann.

On a different front, von Neumann originally dispatched quantum measurement with his infamous postulate on the collapse of the wavefunction, raising a host of philosophical problems.

The following summary of the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics can be partly traced back to von Neumann's postulates.

By 1930, quantum mechanics had been further unified and formalized by the work of Paul Dirac and John von Neumann, with a greater emphasis placed on measurement in quantum mechanics, the statistical nature of our knowledge of reality, and philosophical speculation about the role of the observer.

The foundations of quantum mechanics were established during the first half of the 20th century by Max Planck, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Louis de Broglie, Arthur Compton, Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrödinger, Max Born, John von Neumann, Paul Dirac, Enrico Fermi, Wolfgang Pauli, David Hilbert, Wilhelm Wien, Satyendra Nath Bose, Arnold Sommerfeld and others.

In the mathematically rigorous formulation of quantum mechanics developed by Paul Dirac David Hilbert, and John von Neumann, the possible states of a quantum mechanical system are represented by unit vectors ( called " state vectors ").

Quantum information, and changes in quantum information, can be quantitatively measured by using an analogue of Shannon entropy, called the von Neumann entropy.

It has allowed for the definition of a new practical standard for electrical resistance, based on the resistance quantum given by the von Klitzing constant R < sub > K </ sub >

In truth, von Neumann's proof is based on invalid assumptions, such as quantum physics can be made local, and it does not really disprove the pilot-wave theory.

Bell showed that von Neumann's objection amounted to showing that hidden variables theories are nonlocal, and that nonlocality is a feature of all quantum mechanical systems.

This research area and its name originated in the 1936 paper by Garrett Birkhoff and John von Neumann, who attempted to reconcile some of the apparent inconsistencies of classical boolean logic with the facts related to measurement and observation in quantum mechanics.

* 1927 – John von Neumann introduces the density matrix representation and establishes quantum statistical mechanics

* 1980 – Klaus von Klitzing discovers the quantum Hall effect

It is one of two processes by which quantum systems evolve in time, according to the laws of quantum mechanics as presented by John von Neumann.