The word archipelago is derived from the Greek ἄρχι-– arkhi-(" chief ") and πέλαγος – pélagos (" sea ") through the Italian arcipelago.

The English word Alps derives from the French and Latin Alpes, which at one time was thought to be derived from the Latin albus (" white ").

However, the connection that has derived ambrosia from the Greek prefix a-(" not ") and the word brotos (" mortal "), hence the food or drink of the immortals, has been questioned as coincidental by some modern linguists.

The current spelling, amaranth, seems to have come from folk etymology that assumed the final syllable derived from the Greek word anthos (" flower "), common in botanical names.

It may be derived from an Iranian ethnonym * ha-mazan -, " warriors ", a word attested as a denominal verb ( formed with the Indo-Iranian root kar-" make " also in kar-ma ) in Hesychius of Alexandria's gloss (" hamazakaran: ' to make war ' ( Persian )").

The word amputation is derived from the Latin amputare, " to cut away ", from ambi-(" about ", " around ") and putare (" to prune ").

The word black comes from Old English blæc (" black, dark ", also, " ink "), from Proto-Germanic * blakkaz (" burned "), from Proto-Indo-European * bhleg-(" to burn, gleam, shine, flash "), from base * bhel-(" to shine "), related to Old Saxon blak (" ink "), Old High German blah (" black "), Old Norse blakkr (" dark "), Dutch blaken (" to burn "), and Swedish bläck (" ink ").

Black supplanted the wonted Old English word sweart (" black, dark "), which survives as swart, swarth, and swarthy ( compare German schwarz and Dutch zwart, " black ").

This thesis is supported by the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, explaining that the Turko-Mongol name Timur underwent a similar evolution, from the Sanskrit word cimara (" iron ") via a modified version * čimr to the final Turkicized version timür, with-ür replacing-r due to the Turkish vowel harmony ( hence babr → babür ).

The etymology of the word " plague " is believed to come from the Latin word plāga (" blow, wound ") and plangere (“ to strike, or to strike down ”), cf.

Another example is the word (" study, learn ").

The word " Mexico " as spoken in its original Nahuatl, and by the Spaniards at the time of the conquest, was pronounced originally with a " sh " sound (" Mesh-ee-co "), as opposed to current pronunciation, and was transcribed with an " x " as was the usage in Spanish at the time.

The word " casuistry " derives from the Latin casus (" case ").

While folk etymology identifies it with " cape ", other suggestions suggest it to be connected to the Latin word caput (" head "), and thus explain it as meaning " chief " or " big head ".

For example, the word chief ( meaning the leader of any group ) comes from the Middle French chef (" head "), and its modern pronunciation preserves the Middle French consonant sound ; the word chef ( the leader of the cooks ) was borrowed from the same source centuries later, by which time the consonant had changed to a " sh "- sound in French.

When the Arabic text was translated into Latin, the translator Gerard of Cremona ( probably in Spain ) mistook the Arabic word كلاب for kilāb ( the plural of كلب kalb ), meaning " dogs ", writing hastile habens canes (" spearshaft having dogs ").

Is (" as well ") and se (" not ... either ") also function as clitics: although written separately, they are pronounced together with the preceding word, without stress: Ő is jön.

An opposite example is the case of Chinese, whose variations such as Mandarin and Cantonese are often called dialects and not languages, despite their mutual unintelligibility, because the word for them in Mandarin, 方言 fāngyán, was mistranslated as " dialect " because it meant " regional speech ".

Xiongnu is the modern Mandarin Chinese pronunciation, while it is pronounced as " Hung-no " in modern Cantonese Chinese and the word is reconstructed to be pronounced as " Hunnu " in classical Chinese.

In Mandarin, when two " first tone " words such as gōng and fū are combined, the second word often takes a neutral tone, in this case forming gōngfu.

This originates from Chinese, where the pronunciation of the word for " four " ( 四, sì in Mandarin ) is very similar to that of the word for " death " ( 死, sǐ in Mandarin ), and remains such in the other countries ' Sino-Xenic vocabulary.

* The initial consonant phoneme exhibited by the character 話 ( word, speech ; Mandarin hua ) is pronounced f or v in Hakka ( v does not properly exist as a distinct unit in many Chinese languages ).

In the standard Pinyin system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese, capitalization is used to mark proper names, with some complexities because of different Chinese classifications of nominal types, and even different notions of such broad categories as word and phrase.

An alternative Chinese theory expounded in certain dictionaries states that the word " ketchup " derives from a Chinese word composed of two characters ( 茄汁, Cantonese ( Jyutping ): ke2 zap1, Minnan / Southern Hokkien: ga1 zap7, Teochew: giê5 zab4 / kiê5 tsap4, corresponding to Mandarin ( Pinyin ) jiā zhī ) based on Southern Chinese dialects, which means " tomato sauce.

The term is a loan word from the Japanese word in Taiwanese Hokkien and Mandarin Chinese.

The word used by Manglish is influenced more by Malay language ; on the other hand, Singlish is influenced by Hokkien or Mandarin accent and words in it.

* Mandarin ( bureaucrat ), a bureaucrat of Imperial China ( the original meaning of the word ), Vietnam, and by analogy, any senior government bureaucrat

* 牛B ( niúbī ), a common word in Mandarin Chinese profanity

The word 江, read as jiang in Mandarin and kong in Cantonese, was most likely klong or krung.

The Chinese word 苦力 ( pinyin: kǔlì ) literally means " bitterly hard ( use of ) strength ", in the Mandarin pronunciation.

Number 88 symbolizes fortune and good luck in Chinese culture, since the word 8 sounds similar to the word Fā ( 发, which implies 发财, or wealth, in Mandarin ).

The word mogwai is the transliteration of the Cantonese word 魔怪 ( Jyutping: mo1 gwaai3 ; Mandarin Chinese: 魔鬼 ; pinyin: móguǐ ) meaning " monster ", " evil spirit ", " devil " or " demon ".

While the term half-caste tends to evoke the understanding of it referring to the offspring of two persons of two different pure bloods or near pure bloods, in other languages, such as Mandarin Chinese, the words half-caste and mixed ethnicity or multi-ethnic are the same word, hun-xue ( 混血 ).

floors, as the word " four " ( Hanzi: 四 ) sounds like " death " ( 死 – pronounced " sì " and " sǐ ", respectively ) in Mandarin, the predominant language for the country, and most other Chinese languages.

You'll never hear `` sayonara '', the Japanese word for goodbye, from your guests when you give a hibachi party.

Their most widely known ethnonym is derived from the word ainu, which means " human " ( particularly as opposed to kamui, divine beings ), basically neither ethnicity nor the name of a race, in the Hokkaidō dialects of the Ainu language ; Emishi ( Ebisu ) and Ezo ( Yezo ) ( both ) are Japanese terms, which are believed to derive from another word for " human ", which otherwise survived in Sakhalin Ainu as enciw or enju.

Its bulk quality is behind one of the latest fad diets in Asia, the kanten ( the Japanese word for agar-agar ) diet.

For example, the kanji word ' Tōkyō ( 東京 ), the Japanese name of Tokyo can be sorted as if it were spelled out in the Japanese characters of the hiragana syllabary as " to-u-ki -< sub > yo </ sub >- u " ( とうきょう ), using the conventional sorting order for these characters.

Outside Japan, the word is often used to refer to any of the various Japanese drums, ( 和太鼓, " wa-daiko ", " Japanese drum ", in Japanese ) and to the relatively recent art-form of ensemble taiko drumming ( sometimes called more specifically, " kumi-daiko " ( 組太鼓 )).

Manga is the Japanese word for comic and print cartoons.

There are two Japanese words equivalent to the English word " emperor ": tennō ( 天皇, lit.

In the Japanese language, the word tennō is restricted to Japan's own monarch ; kōtei ( 皇帝 ) is used for foreign emperors.

At first, consideration was given to simply rebranding all stations as Enco, but that was shelved when it was learned that the word " Enco " is similar in pronunciation to a Japanese term for " stalled car.

The Japanese word " go " has also been translated to mean the " second one ;" and in some older sources, this would-be emperor may be identified as " Kōgon, the second ", or as " Kōgon II.

The Japanese word " go " has also been translated to mean the " second one ;" and in some older sources, this would-be emperor may be identified as " En ' yū, the second ", or as " En ' yū II.

Umami, the Japanese word for delicious, is the least known in Western popular culture, but has a long tradition in Asian cuisine.

The latter method is more common, especially since some words in Japanese have unique pronunciations ( jukujikun ) that are not related to readings of any of the characters the word is written with.

In works aimed at adult Japanese speakers, furigana may be used on a word written in uncommon kanji ; in the mass media, they are generally used on words containing non-Jōyō kanji.

One might write the kanji for " blue ", but use katakana to write the pronunciation of the English word " blue "; this may be done, for example, in Japanese subtitles on foreign films, where it can help associate the written Japanese with the sounds actually being spoken by the actors, or it may be used in a translation of a work of fiction to enable the translator to preserve the original sound of a proper name ( such as " Firebolt " in the Harry Potter series ) in furigana, while simultaneously indicating its meaning with kanji.

Similarly, in the Japanese language the word ' to occur ' happens to be okoru ( 起こる ).

The principal types of graphemes are logograms, which represent words or morphemes ( for example, Chinese characters, or the ampersand & representing the English word and ; also Arabic numerals ); syllabic characters, representing syllables ( as in Japanese kana ); and alphabetic letters, corresponding roughly to phonemes ( see next section ).

Thus, the word " haibun ", though counted as two syllables in English, is counted as four on in Japanese ( ha-i-bu-n ); and the word " on " itself, which English-speakers would view as a single syllable, comprises two on: the short vowel o and the moraic nasal

is a Japanese word that, in the West, is used when referring to sexually explicit or pornographic comics and animation, particularly those of Japanese origin such as anime, manga, and eroge.