Many of the tactical innovations that Epaminondas implemented would also be used by Philip of Macedon, who in his youth spent time as a hostage in Thebes and may have learned directly from Epaminondas himself.

From his name is derived Ogygian, which is an epithet of Thebes used by most of the poets.

Thebes is often used in Athenian dramas as a city in which proper boundaries and identities are not maintained, allowing the playwright to explore themes like incest, murder, and hubris in a safe setting.

Other positions were inherited from the provincial form of government at Thebes used by the Eleventh Dynasty before the reunification of Egypt.

In the Thieves ' World shared universe, Janet Morris introduced The Sacred Band of Stepsons, a mythical ancient fighting unit of couples interspersed with unpaired hoplites in the same way that Gorgidas used the Sacred Band of Thebes.

Battlements have been used for thousands of years ; the earliest known example is in the palace at Medinet-Abu at Thebes in Egypt, which allegedly derives from Syrian fortresses.

His reign is generally dated from 1506 to 1493 BC, but a minority of scholars, who feel that astrological observations used to calculate the timeline of ancient Egyptian records and thus the reign of Thutmose I, were taken from the city of Memphis rather than from Thebes, would date his reign from 1526 BC to 1513 BC.

Though they are most notable for their protection of the royal palaces and tombs in Thebes and the surrounding areas, the Medjay were known to have been used throughout Upper and Lower Egypt.

Ramesses XI's tomb was used as a workshop for processing funerary materials from the burials of Hatshepsut, Thutmose III and perhaps Thutmose I during the 21st dynasty under the reign of the High Priest of Thebes, Pinedjem I. Ramesses XI's tomb has stood open since antiquity and was used as a dwelling by the Copts.

While both Takelot I and II used the same prenomen, Takelot II added the epithet Si-Ese (" Son of Isis ") to his royal titulary both to affiliate himself with Thebes and to distinguish his name from Takelot I.

The Sacred Band of Thebes, a separate military unit reserved only for men and their beloved youths, is usually considered as the prime example of how the ancient Greeks used love between soldiers in a troop to boost their fighting spirit.

These temples were also used as a resting place for the boat of Amun at the time of the Beautiful festival of the valley, during which the cult statue of the god visited the west bank of Thebes.

It was also used as a cemetery for officials of the New Kingdom administration in Thebes.

Previous to both Romans, Aeschylus used a similar phrase in Seven Against Thebes at line 592, at which the scout ( angelos ) says of the seer / priest Amphiaraos: " ou gar dokein aristos, all ' einai thelei " ( his resolve is not to seem the best but in fact to be the best ).

* 23 BC-Action against Nubian invaders, Elements of III likely stationed in Thebes.

Despite Piye's successful campaign into the Delta, his authority only extended northward from Thebes up to the western desert oases and Herakleopolis where Peftjaubastet ruled as a Nubian vassal king.

Psamtik's victory destroyed the last vestiges of the Nubian 25th Dynasty's control over Upper Egypt under Tantamani since Thebes now accepted his authority.

Unlike the massive stone temples that Ramesses ordered carved from the face of the Nubian mountains at Abu Simbel, the inexorable passage of three millennia was not kind to his " temple of a million years " at Thebes.

Upon victory, he had the Nubian king's body hung from the prow of his ship, before he returned to Thebes.

The Nubian invasion into the Egyptian Delta was subsequently repelled by the Assyrians who proceeded to advance south into Upper Egypt and sack Thebes.

The Assyrian reconquest effectively ended Nubian control over Egypt although Tantamani's authority was still recognised in Upper Egypt until his 8th Year in 656 BC when Psamtik I's navy peacefully took control of Thebes and effectively unified all of Egypt.

Prior to Piye's Year 20 campaign into Egypt, the previous Nubian ruler – Kashta – had already extended his kingdom's influence over into Thebes when he compelled Shepenupet, the serving Divine Adoratice of Amun and Takelot III's sister, to adopt his own daughter Amenirdis, to be her successor.

: Control of Egypt shifts from the Delta to Thebes and Red Sea connections to Nub.

In the congress of 371 BC an altercation is recorded between him and the Theban general Epaminondas, and due to his influence Thebes was peremptorily excluded from the peace, and orders given for Cleombrotus to march against Thebes in 371 BC.

When Amphitryon finally returned to Thebes, Alcmene told him that he had come the night before and slept with her ; he learned from Tiresias what Zeus had done.

In the first, according to the Megarians, Alcmene was walking from Argos to Thebes when she died at Megara.

During the next three years, Alexander seemed to renew his attempts to subdue the states of Thessaly, especially Magnesia and Phthiotis, for upon the expiry of the truce, in 364 BC, they again applied to Thebes for protection from him.

If the death of Epaminondas in 362 BC freed Athens from fear of Thebes, it appears at the same time to have exposed it to further aggression from Alexander of Pherae, who made a piratical raid on Tinos and other cities of the Cyclades, plundering them, and making slaves of the inhabitants.

In 1890 and 1893, Staes cleared out certain less rich tholos-tombs at Thoricus in Attica ; and other graves, either rock-cut " bee-hives " or chambers, were found at Spata and Aphidna in Attica, in Aegina and Salamis, at the Argive Heraeum and Nauplia in the Argolid, near Thebes and Delphi, and not far from the Thessalian Larissa.

251 – 356 ), also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Anthony of Thebes, Abba Antonius ( Ἀββᾶς Ἀντώνιος ), and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers.

* Mummy of Cleopatra from Thebes ( 100 AD )

A chthonian symbol among the ancient Greeks, celery was said to have sprouted from the blood of Kadmilos, father of the Cabeiri, chthonian divinities celebrated in Samothrace, Lemnos and Thebes.

145, 876 ) and others, Luke's Tomb was located in Thebes ( Greece ), from whence his relics were transferred to Constantinople in the year 357.

In 1992, the then Greek Orthodox Metropolitan Ieronymos of Thebes and Levathia ( the current Archbishop of Athens and All Greece ) requested from Bishop Antonio Mattiazzo of Padua the return of a a significant fragment of the relics of St. Luke to be placed on the site where the holy tomb of the Evangelist is located and venerated today.

Gold headband from Thebes 750 – 700 BC

Inscriptions from the temple in Thebes mention the old one Cabir, and the new one son ( pais ), who are different.

Thebes forced Corinth and other city states to separate from the Spartans.

The Egyptian siege of Dapur in the 13th century BC, from Ramesseum, Thebes, Egypt | Thebes

However, Taharqa was able to return some years later and wrest back control of a part of Egypt as far as Thebes from the Egyptian vassal princes of Assyria.

Among the loot from these cities was Briseis, from Lyrnessus, who was awarded to him, and Chryseis, from Hypoplacian Thebes, who was awarded to Agamemnon.

* c. 2055 BC: Mentuhotep II from Thebes managed to reunite Ancient Egypt and began to rule ( other date is 2040 BC ).

* c. 668 BC: Nineveh, capital of Assyria becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Thebes in Egypt.

* Roger II of Sicily takes Corfu from the Byzantine Empire, and pillages Corinth, Athens and Thebes.