Note that " completeness " has a different meaning here than it does in the context of Gödel's first incompleteness theorem, which states that no recursive, consistent set of non-logical axioms of the Theory of Arithmetic is complete, in the sense that there will always exist an arithmetic statement such that neither nor can be proved from the given set of axioms.

He went on to University College Dublin ( here he was awarded the Pierce Malone Scholarship in Theory of Structures and Strength of Materials ) and qualified as an engineer.

The system set up here is the standard one used in most physics text books ( e. g. Landau and Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, Course of Theoretical Physics: Volume 2 ).

He stated, " The issue to be considered here is whether what has been thought about Uses and Gratifications Theory has been an article of faith and if it could now be converted into an empirical question such as: How to measure an active audience?

* A simple explanation of Gibbs sampling can be found on pp. 370 – 371 of Prof. MacKay's book " Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms ", available for free browsing here or here.

The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography ( here " Unified Theory " or " UNTB ") is a hypothesis and the title of a monograph by ecologist Stephen Hubbell.

: EXAMPLE: Hegel here gives several examples of the appearance of the Spurious Quantitative Infinite in philosophy, namely in Kant ’ s notion of the sublime and his categorical imperative, as well as Fichte ’ s infinite ego as outlined in his Theory of Science ( 1810 ).

In 1906, Price published Illogical Geology: The Weakest Point in the Evolution Theory in which he offered $ 1000 " to any one who will, in the face of the facts here presented, show me how to prove that one kind of fossil is older than another.

* To see a summary of the differences and similarities between chirality and helicity ( those covered here and more ) in chart form, go to Pedagogic Aids to Quantum Field Theory and click on the link near the bottom of the page entitled " Chirality and Helicity Summary ".

Muammar Gaddafi, main theoretician behind the Third International Theory, here in 2009.

The system of Anthony Morse's ( 1965 ) A Theory of Sets is equivalent to Kelley's, but formulated in an idiosyncratic formal language rather than, as is done here, in standard first order logic.

You can even use Einstein's Theory of Relativity if you like.

For instance, although an individualist according to Cultural Theory is aversive towards both principles and groups, individualism is not fulfilling if individual brilliance cannot be recognised by groups, or if individual brilliance cannot be made permanent in the form of principles.

However, he also advances a " Remedial Rights Only Theory " where a group has " a general right to secede if and only if it has suffered certain injustices, for which secession is the appropriate remedy of last resort.

The Huggins Displacement Theory allows for backwards time travel, but only if there is an equal space displacement.

According to a book by Franklin Foer, How Football Explains the World: An Unlikely Theory of Globalization, Arkan threatened players on opposing teams if they scored against Obilić.

Theodor Adorno reprised Freud's essay in 1951 with his Freudian Theory and the Pattern of Fascist Propaganda, and said that " It is not an overstatement if we say that Freud, though he was hardly interested in the political phase of the problem, clearly foresaw the rise and nature of fascist mass movements in purely psychological categories.

The Dirac result is, however, easily recovered if the orbital momentum quantum number is replaced by total angular momentum quantum number .< ref name =" Itzykson & Zuber "> See C Itzykson and J-B Zuber, Quantum Field Theory, McGraw-Hill Co., 1985, pp. 73-74.

* The Social Validation Theory explains how people are more likely to join and participate in an online community if it is socially acceptable and popular.

In some, but definitely not all cases, their simplicity makes up for their non-robustness, especially if care is taken to examine diagnostic statistics .< ref name =" Freedman "> David Freedman, < cite > Statistical Models: Theory and Practice </ cite >, Cambridge University Press ( 2000 ), ISBN 978-0-521-67105-7 </ ref >

Tirpitz developed a " Risk Theory " whereby, if the German Imperial Navy reached a certain level of strength relative to the British Royal Navy, the British would try to avoid confrontation with Germany ( that is, maintain a fleet in being ).

The Theory of the Second Best states that if there is some unavoidable market distortion in one sector, a move toward greater market perfection in another sector may actually decrease efficiency.

Tenney wrote the seminal Meta (+) Hodos ( one of, if not the, earliest applications of gestalt theory and cognitive science to music ), the later Hierarchical temporal gestalt perception in music: a metric space model with Larry Polansky, John Cage and the Theory of Harmony ( 1983, the fullest exposition of his theories of harmonic space ), and other works.

Even while the 1957 publication was in press it was clear that preservation of word co-occurrence could not resolve certain problems, and in the 1965 " Transformational Theory " the criterion for transformation was the preservation of relative acceptability of the satisfiers of each sentence-form so paired ; that is, if two sentence-forms are transforms, then the relative acceptabilities of any pair of word choices for one are not reversed for the other ( though in some contexts, e. g. under " I imagine " or " I dreamt ", acceptabilities may be collapsed ).

It is important to stress that Yudkowsky's Friendliness Theory is very different from ideas relating to the concept that AIs may be made safe by including specifications or strictures into their programming or hardware architecture, often exemplified by Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, which would, in principle, force a machine to do nothing which might harm a human, or destroy it if it does attempt to do so.

Rather, Yudkowsky's Friendliness Theory relates, through the fields of biopsychology, that if a truly intelligent mind feels motivated to carry out some function, the result of which would violate some constraint imposed against it, then given enough time and resources, it will develop methods of defeating all such constraints ( as humans have done repeatedly throughout the history of technological civilization ).

Philosopher John Rawls, in his A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), developed a " second principle of justice " that economic and social inequalities can only be justified if they benefit the most disadvantaged members of society.

In other words, we know from Optimal Foraging Theory that animals are not foraging randomly even if their behavior doesn ’ t perfectly match what is predicted by OFT.

Other non-evidentialist theories include: the Causal Theory, according to which S knows p if and only if Ss belief in p is causally connected in an appropriate way with Ss believing p ; and Robert Nozick's Truth Tracking Theory, according to which S knows p if and only if ( i ) p is true, ( ii ) S believes p, ( iii ) Ss attitude toward p tracks the truth value of p in that, when p is not true, S does not believe p and when p is true, S does believe p.

The concept and theory of Kolmogorov Complexity is based on a crucial theorem first discovered by Ray Solomonoff, who published it in 1960, describing it in " A Preliminary Report on a General Theory of Inductive Inference " as part of his invention of algorithmic probability.

La Longue Marche à travers la théorie de Galois Long March Through Galois Theory is an approximately 1600-page handwritten manuscript produced by Grothendieck during the years 1980 – 1981, containing many of the ideas leading to the Esquisse d ' un programme ( see below, and also a more detailed entry ), and in particular studying the Teichmüller theory.

This concept of Satyam-Shivam-Sundaram, a kind of Value Theory is the cornerstone of Indian Aesthetics.

The demonstration that the phase transition is second order, that it reproduces the Meissner effect and the calculations of specific heats and penetration depths appeared in the December 1957 article, " Theory of superconductivity ".

It can be done by systematically making explicit all the axioms, as in the case of the well-known book Naive Set Theory by Paul Halmos, which is actually a somewhat ( not all that ) informal presentation of the usual axiomatic Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory.

Constellations: An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of critical and democratic theory and successor of Praxis International.

His 1938 Logic: The Theory of Inquiry is much influenced by Peirce.

Initial theories of transformation of materials were developed by Greek philosophers, such as the Four-Element Theory of Empedocles stating that any substance is composed of the four basic elements – fire, water, air and earth.

Critical theory was first defined by Max Horkheimer of the Frankfurt School of sociology in his 1937 essay Traditional and Critical Theory: Critical theory is a social theory oriented toward critiquing and changing society as a whole, in contrast to traditional theory oriented only to understanding or explaining it.

* An accessible primer for the literary aspect of critical theory is Jonathan Culler's Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction ISBN 0-19-285383-X

* A survey of and introduction to the current state of critical social theory is Craig Calhoun's Critical Social Theory: Culture, History, and the Challenge of Difference ( Blackwell, 1995 ) ISBN 1-55786-288-5

A vastly undervalued part of the Alexander canon, A New Theory is important in understanding the generative processes which give rise to the shanty towns latterly championed by Stewart Brand, Robert Neuwirth, and the Prince of Wales.

An April 2009 issue of the Sage journal Theory & Psychology ( edited by Desmond Painter, Athanasios Marvakis, and Leendert Mos ) is devoted to an examination of German critical psychology.

On this interpretation Hume is proposing a ' No-Self Theory ' and thus has much in common with Buddhist thought.

Typical of the courses he teaches is his seminar " Group Theory and Galois Theory Visualized ", in which abstract mathematical ideas are rendered as concretely as possible.

According to Bertrand Russell's Theory of Descriptions, the negation operator in a singular sentence can take either wide or narrow scope: we distinguish between " some S is not P " ( where negation takes " narrow scope ") and " it is not the case that ' some S is P '" ( where negation takes " wide scope ").

This argument can be seen as directly related to Wittgenstein's Theory of Language, drawing a parallel between Postmodernism and late Logical Positivism that is united in critique of foundationalism.

I think his Theory of Capital is unreadable.

Theory of all voltammetric methods is based on solutions of Fick's equation.