These extravagant expenditures began shortly after the end of Second Punic War, and increased as the spoils returned from Rome's new eastern conquests.

These conquests complicated the migration of the aggressive nomadic hordes from Asia to Europe through Volga and Ural.

These mobile mounted warriors made Charlemagne ’ s far-flung conquests possible, and to secure their service he rewarded them with grants of land called benefices.

These were given to the captains directly by the Emperor to reward their efforts in the conquests, and they in turn were to grant benefices to their warrior contingents, who were a mix of free and unfree men.

These conquests marked the end of the Bactrian independence.

These conquests opened up the valley of the Cinca, which he proceeded to conquer as far as Almenar, taken in 1093.

These were collectively known as the " Cartas al Rey Don Felipe II: sobre la expedicion, conquistas y progresos de las islas Felipinas " ( Letters to the King Lord Philip II: on the expedition, conquests and progress of the Philippine Islands ).

These officials advised Emperor Wu to try to suppress the Xianbei and the Qiang before considering conquests of Eastern Wu.

These conquests were subsequently confirmed by the Treaty of Guadalajara ( 1207 ).

These and other variations on the theme were all set in the " temper of the times " of the Muslim-Christian conflict as Medieval Europe was becoming aware of its great enemy in the wake of the quickfire success of the Muslims through a series of conquests shortly after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, as well as the lack of real information in the West of the mysterious east.

These conquests coalesced into a zone called Cuautlalpan, of which Pachuca was a part.

These were mostly nomads, hunter gatherer tribes, refugees, anti-social / dacoit tribes and socially and lawfully ostracised peoples during a certain age or time but eventually never were given a chance to assimilate back into the mainstream after adopting a more mainstream lifestyle perhaps due to continuous strife, conquests and uncertainty over a 1000 years, until recently during the modern age under the British and free Indian Governments, that they are being attempted to assimilate again into the mainstream.

These three Augustae form the corners of a triangle that reaches across the Alpine conquests of Augustus, and whose long base from the Rheinknie to the Danube formed the frontier against unconquered Germania.

These movements and conquests are part of a larger pattern of population expansion and resettlement that occurred in Europe at this time.

These were a symbol of Manuel's military power, as the knights of the Order of Christ contributed to numerous military conquests in that era.

These conquests represent a significant advancement of Amda Seyon's eventual goal of controlling the inland trade previously controlled by the Muslims in Ifat and farther east.

: These were not seen as conquests in the vulgar sense of territorial acquisitions, but as the overthrow of impious regimes and illegitimate hierarchies, and the " opening " of their peoples to the new revelation and dispensation ...

These conquests removed the threat of the once mighty Muslim Syrian fleets, effectively re-establishing Byzantine dominance in the Eastern Mediterranean, so that Nikephoros Phokas could boast to Liutprand of Cremona with the words " I alone command the sea ".

These started during the initial Muslim conquests under the expansionist Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs in the 7th century and continued by their successors until the mid-11th century.

These conquests provided the new empire with a large influx of tribute, especially agricultural goods.

These mixed troops provided added strength and flexibility throughout Alexander's conquests.

These include Mesopotamia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, Anatolia, the Caucasus, parts of Central Asia, Syria, Palestine and Phoenician settlements in the western Mediterranean from the prehistoric period until the beginning of Islam in the 7th century.

These species have long been associated with the continent of Europe, but also inhabit Asia Minor, the Caucasus Mountains, and Northwestern Iran.

These include the entire Arctic, as well as the mountains of Scandinavia, the Alps, Carpathian Mountains, Balkans, Caucasus and in isolated locations elsewhere.

These colorful textiles of the Caucasus region were a domestic art made for home use and local commerce, and may have inspired the better-known Caucasian rugs made for export.

These slaves came largely from Sub-Saharan Africa ( mainly Zanj ), the Caucasus ( mainly Circassians ), Central Asia ( mainly Turks ), and Central and Eastern Europe ( mainly Saqaliba ).

These were themes Balakirev had transcribed in the Caucasus.

These descended, according to the two leading theories of the expansion of IE languages, from a proto-Indo European ( proto-IE ) tongue that originated in an urheimat (" original homeland ") in S. Russia / Caucasus region, ( Kurgan hypothesis ) or in central Anatolia ( Anatolian hypothesis ).

These mountains include ( from west to east ) the Atlas, the Rif, the Baetic Cordillera, the Cantabrian Mountains, the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennine Mountains, the Dinaric Alps, the Hellenides, the Carpathians, the Balkan Mountains, the Taurus, the Caucasus, the Alborz, the Zagros, the Hindu Kush, the Pamir, the Karakoram, and the Himalayas.

These women were claimed to be from the Circassian people in the Northern Caucasus region, and were marketed to white audiences captivated by the " exotic East " as pure examples of the Caucasian white race who were kept as sexual slaves in Turkish harems.

These CIA figures can be set against IISS data, which reports that at the end of 2004, the number of contracts being signed in the Moscow Military District was only 17 percent of the target figure ; in the North Caucasus, 45 percent ; and in the Volga-Ural, 25 percent.

These emissaries officially signed the treaty at the fortress of Georgievsk in the North Caucasus on July 24, 1783.

These deportations concerned ethnicities declared guilty of cooperation with Nazi occupants: a number of peoples of North Caucasus and Crimea: Chechens, Ingush, Balkars, Karachays, Meskhetian Turks, Crimean Tatars, and Crimean Bolgars, as well as Kalmyks.

These authors used these names to refer to Serbs and Sorbs in areas where their historical ( or current ) presence was / is not disputed ( notably in the Balkans and Lusatia ), but there are also sources that mention same or similar names in other parts of the World ( most notably in the Asiatic Sarmatia in the Caucasus ).

These tribes were located in the Caucasus near the river Terek, between Alania and Tsanaria.

These operations led to the liberation of most of the Caucasus from German occupation at a cost of only 70, 000 casualties.

These frogs can be found in southwestern Europe and the Caucasus.

These data are then matched to census records and the number of people missed can be estimated by considering the number missed in the census or survey but counted in the other.

These electron pulses were counted, and these count numbers constituted the data that were sent to Earth.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

These days are counted from sunset to sunset, and the day of birth counts as the first day.

These two origins are not completely contradictory as the Dunlendings were descended from the Haladin who were counted the second house of the Edain.

These are frequently not counted thread work and are outlined with stem stitch, and the outlined patterns are filled with geometric counted designs.

These votes were not counted by the tabulating machines.

These pioneers on the north side of the river were counted among the Fair Play Men, a group of squatters who lived outside the jurisdiction of the colonial and revolutionary governments of Pennsylvania.

These are not counted comprehensively in this article only because the Catholic Church's system of governance and accounting makes only the numbers of ordained clerics relatively accessible and verifiable.

These provinces are since then counted as parts of Götaland.

These differences in how the postures are counted have led some Cheng practitioners, such as William C. C. Chen, to characterize their own forms as exceeding 70 " movements ," and indeed, upon close comparison with the Yang Chengfu form, Cheng's postures, if counted the same way as Yang's are, would number over 70.

These changes included a clock that counted time down to zero as was typical of other timed American sports, rather than upwards to 90 minutes as was traditional, a 35 yard line for offsides ( a rule designed to stop offside traps, prevalent at the time, and based on an FA experiment in 1925 between what became the offside rule at the time, or a 40-yard offside mark ) < REF > The Question: Why is the modern offside law a stroke of genius ?, The Guardian </ REF > rather than the usual half way line, and a shootout to decide matches that ended in a draw.

These experiments counted on volunteers of its team, and used only minimal sedation.

( These people are often called discouraged workers and are not counted officially as being " unemployed.

Of the many texts designated ' Puranas ' the most important are the s. These are always said to be eighteen in number, divided into three groups of six, though in fact they are not always counted in the same way.

These were simple but effective business charting / drawing programs that counted on various spreadsheet programs being so poor at charting that people would gladly pay for another program to improve on them.

These would be only the male heads of families ( except for slaves who may have been counted as individuals ) and the total has to be multiplied by an arbitrary figure ( 4 or 5 is usual ) for an estimate of the total including women and children.

These numbers for Ejersa Goro are an estimate, because the town was not counted.

These are counted as Overseas Countries and Territories under the Treaty of Rome ; however, Bermuda has chosen not to apply for this status.

These poets carefully counted the number of syllables in each line and strived to achieve perfect lines.

These job counts are monthly estimates based on data provided by employers ( adjusted annually to a near census of total jobs provided by mandatory unemployment insurance filings ) and also reflect those with multiple employers who are counted with each employer.

These plaques can sometimes be detected visually using colony counters, in much the same way as bacterial colonies are counted ; however, they are not always visible to the naked eye, and sometimes can only be seen through a microscope, or using techniques such as staining ( eg.