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This increased fuel consumption offsets somewhat the savings in oxidizer mass ; these losses are in turn offset by the higher Isp ( Specific impulse ) of the air-breathing engine.
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The high-resolution chronology of the changes indicates that fire increased about a century after the disappearance of browsing megafauna, probably due to accumulation of fuel.
The 1970s and ' 80s saw an increased interest in improved fuel economy which brought in a return to smaller V-6 and four-cylinder layouts, with as many as five valves per cylinder to improve efficiency.
They are also more fuel-efficient in most circumstances and are used in heavy road vehicles, some automobiles ( increasingly so for their increased fuel efficiency over gasoline engines ), ships, railway locomotives, and light aircraft.
In 2008, the suppliers of the custom fuel failed to tender for a renewal of the transit agency's contract, leading to a negotiated contract at a significantly increased cost.
The utilization of wood as fuel has increased dramatically in the 1990s, even in cities, because of the numbing price hikes on other forms of energy.
More recent contributors to the loss of forest cover include the growth in cattle herd size since their introduction around 1000 years ago, a continued reliance on charcoal as a fuel for cooking, and the increased prominence of coffee as a cash crop over the past century.
Due to rising prices for energy, fuel, and food on international markets, inflation increased in the first half of 2011, but later decreased to an annualized rate of 3. 4 % at the end of September.
The ACCC subsequently announced its opposition to the takeover, citing the likelihood of increased fuel prices due to diminished competition.
V6 engines are rare due to the increased fuel consumption of larger engines being considered unacceptable with high fuel prices.
By using a smaller turbocharger running at increased boost, slightly higher compression of 8: 1 and an improved fuel injection system with DITC ignition triggered by the flywheel, reliability improved and power rose to.
Peak accelerations can be increased by designing the vehicle with a reduced mass, usually achieved by a reduction in the fuel load and tankage and associated structures, but obviously this reduces range, delta-v and burn time.
Because the car lacked a fuel pump, the fuel tank was placed high up in the engine compartment so that fuel could be fed to the carburetor by gravity ; a trade-off of this design is an increased fire risk in front-end accidents.
In the period from 1990 to 2003, carbon dioxide emissions from transportation sources increased by 20 %, despite improvements in vehicle fuel efficiency.
However, Mazda chose a method to comply with hydrocarbon emission standards that, while less expensive to produce, increased fuel consumption, just before a sharp rise in fuel prices.
At the price of increased complication for a high pressure diesel type injection system, fuel consumption in the same range as small pre-chamber automotive and industrial diesels has been demonstrated with Curtiss-Wright's Stratified Charge multi-fuel engines, while preserving the aforementioned Wankel rotary advantages
Adding fuel to the fire the railroad companies began hiring replacement workers ( that is, strikebreakers ), which only increased hostilities.
The advantages include being able to run the fuel engines at an optimal speed at all times and being able to mount the electric motor in a pod which may be rotated by 360 ° for increased manoeuvrability.
If the range is increased beyond that point, payload has to be sacrificed for fuel.
This enables the entire craft to contribute to lift generation with the result of potentially increased fuel economy.
However, for most goods the increased fuel costs and decreased transport efficiencies are more than offset by the savings in handling costs.
The World Bank in 1990 launched an environmental program that has increased the planting of pine and eucalyptus to satisfy fuel needs.
increased and consumption
Although refrigeration has served to extend the storage life of these products, substantially increased consumption might be possible if areas remote from the seacoast could be served adequately.
Commercial advertisers often seek to generate increased consumption of their products or services through " branding ," which involves the repetition of an image or product name in an effort to associate certain qualities with the brand in the minds of consumers.
Alcoholism is characterised by an increased tolerance of and physical dependence on alcohol, affecting an individual's ability to control alcohol consumption safely.
Aside from facilitating increased reliability and lower power consumption, transistors also allowed CPUs to operate at much higher speeds because of the short switching time of a transistor in comparison to a tube or relay.
Prior to the increased industrialization and modernization following the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the consumption of meat or animal products was " strikingly low.
According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, China's per capita food availability and consumption have increased, and average per capita food availability has grown from less than 1700 kcal in 1960 to 2570 kcal per day in 1995.
A 2007 study found that consumption of colas, both those with natural sweetening and those with artificial sweetening, was associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease.
However, researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health and the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, found no association between the consumption of foods high in acrylamide and increased risk of three forms of cancer: bladder, large bowel and kidney.
Through this time, both helium consumption and the costs of producing helium increased.
This along with price-awareness and fear of bankruptcy led to a fallback in consumption which then increased job losses and decreased consumption even further.
The most common presenting symptoms are: rapid weight loss, tachycardia ( rapid heart rate ), vomiting, diarrhea, increased consumption of fluids ( polydipsia ) and food, and increased urine production ( polyuria ).
Aggregate expenditure ( AE ) can be increased, according to Keynes, by increasing consumption spending ( C ), increasing investment spending ( I ), increasing government spending ( G ), or increasing the net of exports minus imports ( X − M ).
Red wine consumption, in general, increased in the US following the airing of the 60 Minutes report on the French Paradox and the potential health benefits of wine and, possibly, the chemical resveratrol.
However the consumption of moose liver or kidneys significantly increased cadmium intake, with the study revealing that heavy consumers of moose organs have a relatively narrow safety margin below the levels which would probably cause adverse health effects.
It is the increased consumption of green, leafy vegetables that typically accompany these types of diets may lead to increased nitrate intake.
The link between increased fiber consumption and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer is still uncertain.
Recommended intake volumes in the elderly are the same as for adults as despite lower energy consumption, the water requirement of this group is increased due to a reduction in renal concentrating capacity.
With the opening of a number of international pizza brands, the popularity as well as consumption has markedly increased in recent times.
In the 1920s Switzerland's energy consumption increased.
increased and offsets
This decrease in quantity-demanded more than offsets the additional revenue from the increased unit-price.
Large winglets such as those seen on Boeing 737 aircraft equipped with blended winglets are most useful during short-distance flights, where increased climb performance offsets increased drag.
The relatively small improvement found may be the result of inconsistent patient set-up and internal organ movement during treatment, which offsets most of the advantage due to increased precision.
The lighter weight of the body offsets this cost in fuel savings during transport and increased cargo capacity.
The increased food and bacteria trapping of the underside of the bridge often offsets the benefits of the bridge element in maintaining the positions of the opposing teeth and the loss of the ease of use and mouth feel of two big natural teeth.
There is also reduced space for sponsors ' logos on the world champion's jerseys ; however, the increased media coverage of a reigning world champion probably offsets the effects of the smaller logo space.
Also, increased heat loss during combustion due to extended dwell at top dead center offsets any constant volume combustion improvements in real engines.
Proponents of offsets claim that third-party certified carbon offsets are leading to increased investment in renewable energy, energy efficiency, methane biodigesters and reforestation and avoided deforestation projects, and claim that these alleged effects are the intended goal of carbon offsets.
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