In some cases, an appellant may successfully argue that the law under which the lower decision was rendered was unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, or may convince the higher court to order a new trial on the basis that evidence earlier sought was concealed or only recently discovered.

A " no decision " bout occurred when, by law or by pre-arrangement of the fighters, if both boxers were still standing at the fight's conclusion and there was no knockout, no official decision was rendered and neither boxer was declared the winner.

In civil cases a special verdict can be given, but in criminal cases a general verdict is rendered, because requiring a special verdict could apply pressure to the jury, and because of the jury's historic function of tempering rules of law by common sense brought to bear upon the facts of a specific case.

Occasionally, the application of prior case law results in court decisions in which the judge explicitly states personal disagreement with the judgment he or she has rendered, but that he or she is required to do so by binding precedent.

Because the student was slated to graduate within a few months at the time the decision was rendered, and there was no action the law school could take to prevent that, the Court determined that a decision on its part would have no effect on the student's rights.

A sixth category, that of prize ( law ), relating to claims over vessels captured during wartime, has been rendered obsolete due to changes in the laws and practices of warfare.

As such, the Covenant has been rendered ineffective, with the bone of contention being United States officials ' insistence upon preserving a vast web of sovereign, judicial, prosecutorial, and executive branch immunities that often deprives its citizens of the " effective remedy " under law the Covenant is intended to guarantee.

Some have argued that if the world is not entirely governed by natural law, then the task of science is rendered impossible.

On 10 February 1905, the Chamber declared that " the attitude of the Vatican " had rendered the separation of Church and State inevitable and the law of the separation of church and state was passed in December, 1905.

Messianic Jewish Bible translator David H. Stern cited these two scholars to support the translation framework that often "< nowiki >'</ nowiki > nomos < nowiki >'</ nowiki > means ' legalism ' and not God's Torah ", especially in Paul's constructs erga nomou ( literally " works of law ", rendered by Stern " legalistic observance of Torah commands ") and upo nomon ( literally " under law ", rendered by Stern by 13 words, " in subjection to the system which results from perverting the Torah into legalism ").

It was by virtue of the Magna Carta that the legal precepts due process and habeas corpus were concurrently established in 1214 thus commencing with their eventual enshrinement in judicial procedures which required that persons suspected of crimes are required to be judged in a court of law before punishment can be legally rendered.

As of 2006, the official Pantone textile colours defined by law ( and their rendered values in other colour spaces ) are:

In French law, this is rendered as the bon père de famille, an expression also used in Quebec until it was superseded by the common-law influenced personne raisonnable.

The ministry of Addington would not support this suggestion, but a bill was at once introduced by them and carried into law, which rendered all persons in holy orders ineligible to sit in the House of Commons, and Horne Tooke sat for only that parliament.

Iyer has rendered several important judgments involving the interpretation of the Constitution of India and the statutory as well as personal law of Muslims.

In a message dated June 21, 1884, the President explained " I do not question the constitutional right of Congress to pass a law relieving the family of an officer, in view of the services he had rendered his country, from the burdens of taxation, but I submit to Congress that this just gift of the nation to the family of such faithful officer should come from the National Treasury rather than from that of this District, and I therefore recommend that an appropriation be made to reimburse the District for the amount of taxes which would have been due to it had this act not become a law.

The Court held ' ISPs do not participate in the process of publication as such but merely act as facilitators ...' However in Godfrey it was held that the ISP could be held liable at common law if it had been notified of a defamatory posting and was so rendered responsible for publication from that moment onwards.

The jurist Sir William Blackstone writes that " the plain intention of this law is to guard the Blood Royal from any suspicion of bastardy, whereby the succession to the Crown might be rendered dubious.

Russia is a civil law country ; and, strictly speaking, decisions rendered by courts are not binding on other courts.

it does not establish any law ( rights ) for the federal judges to enforce.

The Court held that Congress had intended the federal judiciary to `` fashion '' an appropriate law of labor-management contracts.

The Lincoln Mills decision authorizes a whole new body of federal `` common law '' which, as Mr. Justice Frankfurter pointed out in dissent, leads to one of the following `` incongruities '': `` ( ( 1 ) conflict in federal and state court interpretations of collective bargaining agreements ; ;

( 2 ) displacement of state law by federal law in state courts in all actions regarding collective bargaining agreements ; ;

Does Lincoln Mills suggest that if Congress granted jurisdiction over interstate divorce cases, the federal courts would be authorized to fashion a national law for the dissolution of marriages??

A careful student has suggested that `` In any new revision ( of the Judicial Code ) the legislators would do well to remember that the allocation of power to the federal courts should be limited to those matters in which their expertise in federal law might be used, leaving to the state judiciaries the primary obligation of pronouncing state law ''.

With few exceptions, Congress has not given federal courts exclusive authority to enforce rights arising under federal law.

The result, of course, would be that federal law inevitably would mean different things in different states.

Mr. Justice Black led a reversing majority: `` Strict local rules of pleading cannot be used to impose unnecessary burdens upon rights of recovery authorized by federal law ''.

Here, as in the Byrd case, another element of state procedure was subsumed to federal judge-made law.

He signed into law Senator Charles Sumner's Freedman's Bureau bill that set up a temporary federal agency designed to meet the immediate material needs of former slaves.

* Anti-Deficiency Act, U. S. law that prohibits the federal government from incurring debts not authorized by Congress

It was renamed in honor of Lyndon Johnson by federal law, soon after his death in 1973.

His veto message objected to the measure because it conferred citizenship on the freedmen at a time when eleven out of thirty-six states were unrepresented in the Congress, and the bill also attempted to fix, by federal law, " a perfect equality of the white and black races in every State of the Union.

In January 2005, a federal law came into force in Germany – the Luftsicherheitsgesetz – that allowed " direct action by armed force " against a hijacked aircraft to prevent a 9 / 11-type attack.

The terms of the Artistic License 1. 0 were at issue in a 2007 federal district court decision in the US which was criticized by some for suggesting that FOSS-like licenses could only be enforced through contract law rather than through copyright law, in contexts where contract damages would be difficult to establish.

Shortly after the Thomas confirmation hearings, President George H. W. Bush dropped his opposition to a bill giving harassment victims the right to seek federal damage awards, back pay and reinstatement, and the law was passed by Congress.

The VwVfG basically applies for the entire public administrative activities of federal agencies as well as federal state authorities, in case of making federal law.

Years later, the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 led anti-slavery activists to quote the Resolutions to support their calls on Northern states to nullify what they considered unconstitutional enforcement of the law.

As free states sought to undermine the federal law, the even more severe Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was enacted.

When the Southern-dominated Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, requiring law officials in free states to aid efforts to recapture slaves, she helped guide fugitives farther north into Canada, where slavery was prohibited.

At the same time, the U. S. Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which forced law enforcement officials ( even in states that had outlawed slavery ) to aid in the capture of fugitive slaves, and imposed heavy punishments on those who abetted escape.

A specific impetus for the novel was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which imposed heavy fines upon law enforcement personnel in Northern states if they refused to assist the return of people who escaped from slavery.

He was a major advocate of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Law, which required the co-operation of local law enforcement officials in free states to return escaped slaves.

In 1858, a newly elected Democratic state legislature repealed this law, making fugitives around Oberlin vulnerable to enforcement of the Federal Fugitive Slave Law, which allowed southern slave-catchers to target and extradite them back to the South.

While there, he established the Fugitive Task Force in an effort to promote interagency cooperation and enhance ties between the FBI and local law enforcement.

After the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was passed, Tappan refused to comply with the new law and donated moneys to the Underground Railroad.

While U. S. Representative George Thatcher of Massachusetts responded with the desire to amend the Fugitive Slave Act, other representatives ' resistance to changing the law forced his proposal to fail.

The earlier Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 was a Federal law which was written with the intention of enforcing Article 4, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which required the return of runaway slaves.

The South also argued that the Fugitive Slave Act only applied to the Union ; the South had broken away, so the law did not apply to the Confederacy.

Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act in February 1793 ; it was signed into law by the first US president, George Washington.

Fugitive slaves early in U. S. were sought out just as they were through the Fugitive slave law years, but early efforts included only Wanted posters, flyers etc .. After the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was passed, Bounty hunters and civilians could lawfully capture escaped slaves in the north, or any other place, and return them to the Slave master.

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, part of the Compromise of 1850, was a law enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives that declared that all fugitive slaves be returned to their masters.

Police operations were streamlined under Salazar, and several new branches of law enforcement were created: the Gang Prosecution Unit, the Environmental Crimes Unit, and the General Fugitive Prosecutive Unit, which targeted murderers.

In 1851, in response to the Fugitive Slave Law, he published the pamphlet The Higher Law, Tried by Reason and Authority which argued that " Injustice is the only treason ; no law can legalize it, no constitution can sanction it.

Although Shaw strongly opposed slavery, he felt bound by the Constitution and the law, as the recent Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required states and local governments to cooperate in the capture of escaped slaves.

Higginson called upon citizens to uphold God's law and disobey the Fugitive Slave Act.

Prigg v. Pennsylvania,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the Federal Fugitive Slave Act precluded a Pennsylvania state law that gave procedural protections to suspected escaped slaves, and overturned the conviction of Edward Prigg as a result.

Writing for the Court, Justice Story reversed the conviction and held the Pennsylvania law unconstitutional as a denial of both the right of slaveholders to recover their slaves under Article IV and the Federal Fugitive Slave Law of 1793, which trumped the state law per the Supremacy Clause.