This reduces the effect of background noise, including clicks or pops, and also conserves the amount of physical space needed for each groove, by reducing the size of the low-frequency undulations.

FreeBSD 9. 0 adds support for lightweight journaling on top of softupdates ( SU + J ), which greatly reduces and need for background fsck, and uses NFS-style ACLs by default.

The electronics, located in the plane handrest, take the sound from the microphone behind the headphone, invert it, and add it back into the audio signal, which reduces background noise, resulting in a more enjoyable audio experience.

Their advantages over traditional small pets are their diurnal habits, bubbly personalities, the haired tail ( as compared to rats and mice ) and their lifespan: they are reported to live up to 13 years under ideal circumstances ( though a poor gene pool / genetic background often reduces a pet degu's lifespan significantly ).

Because supersymmetry guarantees the cancellation of fermionic vs. bosonic non-zero modes in the instanton background, the involved't Hooft computation of the instanton saddle point reduces to an integration over zero modes.

This reduces the number of steps in the staining procedure making the process faster and can reduce background signal by avoiding some issues with antibody cross-reactivity or non-specificity.

The better seeing helps two ways — it both increases the laser beam intensity on the Moon and reduces the lunar background, since a smaller receiver field-of-view may be used, gathering light from a smaller spot on the Moon.

An in-ear monitor system isolates the monitor mix without the interference of other background sounds, and reduces the risk of other complications like feedback.

One effect of this is to eclipse Bunter, whose role reduces to the perfect servant in the background.

However at very low concentrations, the advantages of the coherent addition for CARS signal reduces and the presence of the incoherent background becomes an increasing problem.

To say that a system has a certain bandwidth means that the system can process signals of that bandwidth, or that the system reduces the bandwidth of a white noise input to that bandwidth.

Signal can also be split among multiple filters for pulse-Doppler signal processing, which reduces the noise floor by the number of filters.

In a low-voltage application this reduces noise ; in a high voltage or current application it reduces arcing.

This reduces the effective cross sectional area available for carrying current, increasing resistance and reducing the signal to noise ratio.

This freezing reduces the radiation damage of the X-rays, as well as the noise in the Bragg peaks due to thermal motion ( the Debye-Waller effect ).

Transmission of a signal over a balanced line reduces the influence of noise or interference due to external stray electric fields.

In receiving antennas this reduces reception of ground noise, resulting in a lower antenna noise temperature.

Companding also reduces the noise and crosstalk levels at the receiver.

To achieve optimum noise performance DFAs are operated under a significant amount of gain compression ( 10 dB typically ), since that reduces the rate of spontaneous emission, thereby reducing ASE.

It also reduces both the noise margin and the window in which the signal can be sampled, which shows that the performance of the system will be worse ( i. e. it will have a greater bit error ratio ).

Sound intensity follows an inverse square law with distance from the source ; doubling the distance from a noise source reduces its intensity by a factor of four, or 6 dB.

This retro-fittable gel pad reduces impact transference ( frame noise from mallet strikes ) and provides more even and more complete damping than felt.

As long as there is tight electric-and magnetic-field coupling between the two wires, LVDS reduces the generation of electromagnetic noise.

This reduces " noise " in the final product of the western blot, leading to clearer results, and eliminates false positives.

When maximum cooling is not required, in any equipment fan speeds can be reduced below the maximum: fan noise has been found to be roughly proportional to the fifth power of fan speed ; halving speed reduces noise by about 15 dB.

According to the chief engineer for the 2008 Chrysler Sebring, Jim Issner, the windblocker for the Sebring reduces " wind noise by approximately 11 to 12 decibels ".

The bay serves as a safe approach to the airport and reduces noise pollution over the city to the west of the runway.

Near Junction 35, there is a stretch of the motorway that has a surfacing of porous asphalt that improves drainage and reduces noise.

Combined with a linearly polarized feed horn, it helps filter out noise in the receiver and reduces false returns.

The regulator also greatly reduces the ripple and noise in the output direct current.

Various reasons have been suggested for the resistance to the Celsius system in the U. S., including the larger size of each degree Celsius ( resulting in the need for decimals where integer Fahrenheit degrees were adequate for much non-technical work ), the lower zero point in the Fahrenheit system ( which reduces the number of negative signs when measurements such as weather data were averaged ), and the more intuitive alignment of its 0-100 scale to the ordinary range of outdoor temperatures seen in most of the U. S. ( e. g., 0 ° F

It oxidizes most metals and several nonmetals, including carbon, which leads to its negative charge in most organosulfur compounds, but it reduces several strong oxidants, such as oxygen and fluorine.

A more sophisticated algorithm reduces the bias in the density matching estimation, and ensures that all points are used, by including an extra sensitivity parameter:

Telecommuting refers more specifically to work undertaken at a location that reduces commuting time — inside the home or at some other remote workplace — which is facilitated through a broadband connection and computer or phone lines ; and, possibly, also including the use of a writing instrument, paper, and the postal system.

For companies, telecommuting expands the talent pool, reduces the spread of illness, reduces costs including real-estate footprint, increases productivity, reduces their carbon footprint and energy usage, offers a means of complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ( ADA ), reduces turnover and absenteeism, improves employee morale, enhances continuity-of-operations strategies, improves their ability to handle business across multiple time zones, and augments their cultural adaptability.

Telecommuting individuals, or more specifically those in work from home arrangements, may find that it improves work-life balance, reduces their carbon footprint and fuel usage, frees up the equivalent of 15 to 25 workdays a year — time they would have otherwise spent commuting, and saves between $ 4, 000 and $ 21, 000 per year in travel and work-related costs ( not including daycare ).

This reduces their gain, but improves their linearity, input impedance, output impedance, and bandwidth, and stabilises all of these parameters, including the closed-loop gain.

* Pet birds that cannot climb well, including finches, doves, most softbills, and some handicapped parrots generally should never be clipped, as clipping reduces their mobility too much.

While the procedure generally reduces the over-all risk level for the remaining fetus or fetuses, reduction does have its own risks, including the possibility that one or more of the remaining fetuses will also die.

Additional considerations for the tube lifespan are the environment that the tube is being used in and the general level of illumination present in that environment, including bright moonlight and exposure to both artificial lighting and use during dusk / dawn periods, as exposure to brighter light reduces a tube's life significantly.

The law reduces air pollution controls, including those environmental protections of the Clean Air Act, including caps on toxins in the air and budget cuts for enforcement.

It also showed signs of adaptations to aquatic life, including a thick and heavy outer coating and dense limb bones which is similar to modern creatures such as the hippopotamus, and reduces buoyancy so that they can stay underwater.

Tropical-mix wood furniture reduces wear and tear of furniture, including common issues such as dented edges after minor collision, and chipping of the sides ( which rubber wood particle boards are prone to ).

Randomized controlled clinical trials confirmed that artemether, orally administered at a dose of 6 mg / kg once every 2 – 3 weeks, results in no drug-related adverse effects, and significantly reduces the incidence and intensity of schistosome infections, including those of Scistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum and S. haematobium.

Captain Cold has undergone experiments that have given him ice-based metahuman powers, including the ability to slow down the molecules around him, creating a field of inertia that reduces the Flash's speed to human level, allowing Captain Cold to touch him and effortlessly beat him.

Fitch has also developed other automotive innovations, including the Evans Waterless Engine Cooling System, a propylene glycol based cooling system which does not require pressurization, the DeConti Brake, a liquid-cooled secondary braking system for light trucks, buses and similar vehicles, the Fitch Fuel Catalyst, which reduces the proportion of light chain ( C1 – C4 ) molecules in gasoline, and inhibits oxidation and microorganism growth in both gasoline and diesel fuel, self-leveling automotive suspension systems, for which he has received several patents, the Salisbury Thermo-Syphon Fireplace which uses waste heat to provide convective heating, and the Fitch Cervical Spine Traction Therapy, which allows freedom of movement in bed while continuing to provide tension that relieves disk pressure.

Using E85 also reduces carbon-monoxide emissions and provides significant reductions in emissions of many harmful toxics, including benzene, a known human carcinogen.

NL Hydro has implemented an aggressive program of selling communications direct to customers, using revenues specifically to pay for provisioning that supports both these and the " smart grid ," including real-time monitoring that reduces maintenance expenses.

Tax break is a slang term referring to any item which reduces tax, including any tax exemption, tax deduction, or tax credit.