A formal grammar defines ( or generates ) a formal language, which is a ( usually infinite ) set of finite-length sequences of symbols ( i. e. strings ) that may be constructed by applying production rules to another sequence of symbols which initially contains just the start symbol.

At each point in time, the agent performs an action and the environment generates an observation and an instantaneous cost, according to some ( usually unknown ) dynamics.

Such an assessment is known as a cost-benefit analysis, and is usually a fundamental piece of information for decision-makers, as it places a value on the net benefits ( or disbenefits ) of schemes and generates a ratio of benefits to costs which may be used to prioritise projects when funding is constrained.

The term transmitter is usually limited to equipment that generates radio waves for communication purposes ; or radiolocation, such as radar and navigational transmitters.

This usually generates a sine wave of constant amplitude often called the carrier wave.

In discussion of science fiction, a Big Dumb Object ( BDO ) is any mysterious object ( usually of extraterrestrial or unknown origin and immense power ) in a story which generates an intense sense of wonder just by being there ; to a certain extent, the term deliberately deflates this.

For example, in micro-EDM, also known as μ-EDM, these parameters are usually set at values which generates severe wear.

It offers contrast to the usually softer trio melodies and generates excitement for the listener.

Sometimes this is simply in the form of a program that generates a software package's serial number, usually referred to as a keygen.

A learning procedure then generates a model that attempts to meet two sometimes conflicting objectives: Perform as well as possible on the training data, and generalize as well as possible to new data ( usually, this means being as simple as possible, for some technical definition of " simple ", in accordance with Occam's Razor ).

A license or product keygen generator ( usually stylized as keygen ) is either a computer program that generates a licensing key, serial number, or some other registration information necessary to activate for use a software application, or a program that generates public-key data for cryptographic applications such as the ssh-keygen utility.

They are a loop of cable around a designated area, usually a room or a building, which generates a magnetic field picked up by a hearing aid.

Moreover, regarding scarrification, when compared to the skin of other facial areas, the skin of the nose generates fine-line scars that usually are inconspicuous, which allows the surgeon to strategically hide the surgical scars.

The volcano usually generates Plinian eruptions, which produce swift-moving currents of hot gas and rock called pyroclastic flows.

The RSA SecurID authentication mechanism consists of a " token " — either hardware ( e. g. a USB dongle ) or software ( a soft token ) — which is assigned to a computer user and which generates an authentication code at fixed intervals ( usually 60 seconds ) using a built-in clock and the card's factory-encoded random key ( known as the " seed ".

The related idea of a living machine is based on the most basic cycle of gardening: using wastes ( organic waste and sewage ), appropriately broken down, usually in some specialized container, on the soil, and harvesting food which, when processed, generates biodegradable waste, and when eaten, generates sewage.

A positive EBITDA, on the other hand, does not automatically imply that the business generates cash as EBITDA ignores changes in Working Capital ( usually needed when growing a business ), capital expenditures ( needed to replace assets that have broken down ), taxes and interest.

It generates a greater heat than most other available woods and is usually sold by the tonne.

This works because heat engines are only able to use a portion of the energy their fuel generates ( usually less than 50 %).

This usually requires a considerable amount of debate-but in the process it typically generates as much light as it does heat.

Weak keys usually represent a very small fraction of the overall keyspace, which usually means that, if one generates a random key to encrypt a message, weak keys are very unlikely to give rise to a security problem.

The weapon usually consists of a device that generates sound at about 7 Hz.

The Wanderer, found in many Gothic tales, is the epitome of isolation as he wanders the earth in perpetual exile, usually a form of divine punishment .” Below are classified different stock characters of the Gothic Novel along with examples from popular fiction in the genre.

There is no specific punishment prescribed, however, and this is usually left to the discretion of the local authorities on Islam.

In a tazir crime, the penalty would be usually a prison sentence, corporal punishment in some countries, or an execution in a very serious case.

For certain limited categories of cases, the state supreme court still operates under mandatory review, usually with regard to cases involving the interpretation of the state constitution or capital punishment.

By the 1170s and 1180s, western Europeans were reluctant to support the kingdom, partly because it was far away and there were more pressing concerns in Europe, but also because leprosy was usually considered divine punishment.

* Gatings: Uniform Gating: A form of punishment that requires pupils to wear Canterbury Dress all day every day, while getting a form signed by someone in a position of authority ( usually a teacher or a purple ) at 15 minute intervals during their free time.

It usually refers to any sort of spanking or beating or really any sort of physical punishment.

The penalty for false witness was usually the punishment that would have been awarded the victim if convicted.

Minors too are in many systems considered little capable of a correct knowledge about the meaning or the consequences of their actions, and this is the reason for the common reduction of the passive capability of punishment they usually can receive.

If the party was dissrupted, there would be a punishment ; usually the light in your eyes would be blown out.

If the French crown was to bestow or grant new lands to nobles, Philip declared, they would usually be given only from the second source: this was a double-edged announcement, at once reinforcing the core, unalienable powers of the crown, whilst also reassuring nobles that their lands were sacrosanct unless they were forfeited to the crown in punishment for a crime or misdemeanour.

Usage of capital punishment is usually broken into the four categories set out below.

Second, in modern Latter-day Saint vernacular, outer darkness usually refers to an eternal state of punishment.

First, beings are not sent to Naraka as the result of a divine judgment and punishment ; second, the length of a being's stay in a Naraka is not eternal, though it is usually very long.

" Believing that " The police mind is usually of a sadistic and homicidal trend ", he noted that they carried out the " ruthless punishment of symbolic scapegoats in the form of prostitutes, derelicts, Negroes, radicals, drunks, and other helpless and insignificant members of the nation indivisible " under the pretence of a country that had " liberty and justice for all.

The most severe punishment of all is exile, usually to the island archipelago known as the Eastern Ring Islands.

This punishment is usually followed by a Shunning, which, in effect, causes the Shunned to be ignored completely by all humans.

In traditional Jewish thought, Divine punishment is the unfolding of the processes of God's attribute of strict justice, usually mitigated or delayed by God's attribute of benevolent mercy.

Given that convicts in Australia were already " imprisoned ", punishments for offenses committed in the colonies could not usually result in imprisonment and thus usually consisted of corporal punishment such as hard labour or flagellation.

This is not a punishment but an honor, as such platoons usually have some special operational capacity that requires them to be commanded by an officer with more experience than a lieutenant.

5 ), the following applies: A POW who breaks specific provisions of the laws of war may be penalized, but not penalized worse than the tribunal would penalize its own soldiers for the same offense ( and usually a disciplinary, not judicial, punishment if its own soldiers normally wouldn't be brought to trial for a particular offense ) and POW's may not be penalized based on rank or gender, nor with corporal punishment, collective punishments for individual acts, lack of daylight, or torture / cruelty ( GC IV, Art.

A fine is money paid usually to superior authority, usually governmental authority, as a punishment for a crime or other offence.