Thus the genome enclosed within the viral particle can be used as messenger RNA and immediately translated by the host cell.

Thus, while transcriptional regulation generates rhythmic RNA levels, regulated posttranslational modifications control protein abundance, subcellular localization, and repressor activity of PER and CRY.

Thus, it is easy to convert from a vector file to a range of bitmap / raster file formats but it is much more difficult to go in the opposite direction, especially if subsequent editing of the vector picture is required.

Thus, versatile word processors with layout editing and similar capabilities find widespread use in most business.

Thus, unlike copy editing, proofreading's defining procedure is to work directly with two sets of information at the same time.

Thus they had no impact on editing or searching of the text.

Thus began the ill-fated leap into the new realm of computer-based editing and sequencing, which would prove to be a relatively unsuccessful experiment that set the stage for further financial troubles.

Thus, the challenge of real-time collaborative editing is to figure out exactly how to apply edits from remote users, which were originally created in versions of the document that never existed locally, and which may conflict with the user's own local edits.

Thus we are compelled to face the urbanization of the South -- an urbanization which, despite its dramatic and overwhelming effects upon the Southern culture, has been utterly ignored by the bulk of Southern writers.

Thus, as a development program is being launched, commitments and obligations must be entered into in a given year which may exceed by twofold or threefold the expenditures to be made in that year.

Thus, 1745 corresponded to the invention of the `` Leiden '' jar by Kleist, 1764 that of the electrophorus by Wilcke, 1782 produced the condenser of Volta, and 1801 the voltaic pile.

Thus, direct comparisons can be drawn with free burning arcs which have been studied in detail during the past years and decades by numerous investigators ( Ref. 3 ).

Thus, his estimate lies between Oliver's suggestion of at least 37 feet and the 50-foot `` monstrous freaks '' intimated by Heuvelmans.

Thus cortico-fugal discharges induced by topical application of strychnine to a minute area in the neocortex summate with spikes present in the hypothalamus and cause increased convulsive discharges.

Thus Af is divisible by the minimal polynomial P of T, i.e., Af divides Af.

Thus we obtain g{t} by introducing an oblique g{t}-axis in the Aj.

Thus, although the agenda of external assistance in the economic sphere are cumulative, and many of the policies suggested for nations in the earlier stages remain relevant, the basic purpose of American economic policy during the later stages of development should be to assure that movement into a stage of self-sustaining growth is not prevented by lack of foreign exchange.

Thus he may be referring to some concrete thing, or incident, in his immediate environment by some symbolic-sounding, hyperbolic reference to transcendental events on the global scene.

Thus, the public-limit price is raised further by a given wage increase the longer it has been since the previous price increase.

Thus, for non-negative changes in the basic wage rate, the industry becomes the active wage-setter, since any increase in the basic wage rate can occur only by reason of industry acquiescence.

Thus, the efficiency **yt couplers is given by -- Af or approximately 50 percent each.

Thus, the combined efficiency of the elements replaced by the two fiber plates ( with a combined efficiency of 0.25 ) is 0.043 or about six times less than that of the two fiber plates.

Thus Af where the maximization is over all admissible policies Af, and Af is related to Af by ( 5 ).

Thus, when Dartmouth's Winter Carnival -- widely recognized as the greatest, wildest, roaringest college weekend anywhere, any time -- was broadcast over a national television hookup, Prexy John Sloan Dickey appeared on the screen in rugged winter garb, topped off by a tam-o'-shanter which he confessed had been acquired from a Smith girl.

Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

Thus `` America '', the most widely sung of the patriotic songs, was written by a New England Baptist clergyman, Samuel Francis Smith ( 1808-1895 ), while a student in Andover Theological Seminary.

Thus, while altruistic persons may under some circumstances be outcompeted by less altruistic persons at the individual level, according to group selection theory the opposite may occur at the group level where groups consisting of the more altruistic persons may outcompete groups consisting of the less altruistic persons.

Thus, an algorithm can be considered to be any sequence of operations that can be simulated by a Turing-complete system.

Thus the only member churches of the present Anglican Communion existing by the mid-18th century were the Church of England, its closely linked sister church, the Church of Ireland ( which also separated from Roman Catholicism under Henry VIII ) and the Scottish Episcopal Church which for parts of the 17th and 18th centuries was partially underground ( it was suspected of Jacobite sympathies ).

Thus a colonial bishop and colonial diocese was by nature quite a different thing from their counterparts back home.

Thus, by the end of 1992, Azerbaijan received arms and military hardware sufficient for approximately four motor rifle divisions with prescribed army units.

Thus, at pH between 2. 2 and 9. 4, the predominant form adopted by α-amino acids contains a negative carboxylate and a positive α-ammonium group, as shown in structure ( 2 ) on the right, so has net zero charge.

Thus, hemoglobin binds and offloads both oxygen and carbon dioxide at the appropriate tissues, serving to deliver the oxygen needed for cellular metabolism and removing the resulting waste product, CO2.

Thus, microvilli not only increase the cellular surface area for absorption, they also increase the number of digestive enzymes that can be present on the cell surface.

Thus MHC class I helps mediate cellular immunity.

Thus the pairing given by taking intersections induces an isomorphism, where here is the cellular homology of the triangulation T, and and are the cellular homologies and cohomologies of the dual polyhedral / CW decomposition the manifold respectively.

Thus, tertiary dentin is deposited rapidly, with a sparse and irregular tubular pattern and some cellular inclusions ; in this case it is referred to as " osteodentin ".

Thus, in the notation describing the family of cellular automata containing Life, it is described by the rule B2 / S.

Thus, at least as it is widely understood, an individual who does not suffer from chronic dehydration is in no danger of suffering from chronic cellular dehydration.

Thus, even if a safe low dose threshold was found to exist at cellular level for radiation induced mutagenesis, the threshold would not exist for environmental pollution with hot particles, and could not be safely assumed to exist when the distribution of dose is unknown.

Thus PLD activity and PA production ( if not PA itself ) can be measured, and, by blocking the formation of PA, the involvement of PA in cellular processes can be inferred.

Thus, oxidative stress can cause disruptions in normal mechanisms of cellular signaling.