[permalink] [id link]
Thus if a beam of light with intensity I is incident on the surface, a beam of intensity RI is reflected, and a beam with intensity TI is transmitted into the medium.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Thus and if
Thus, if corporations are not to run away with us, they must become quasi-governmental institutions, subject to public control and needs.
Thus if E is sufficiently small, there can be only one intersection of C and Af near Q, for if there were more than one intersection for every E then the difference between C and Af near Q would not be a monotone function.
Thus, if public pressure sets the effective limit to the price that the industry may charge, this pressure is itself a function of the wage rate.
Thus, during any given year ( A ) if the revenues from the residential service are $7,000,000, ( B ) if the operating expenses imputed to this class of service come to $5,000,000, and ( C ) if the net investment in ( or value of ) the plant and equipment deemed devoted to this service amounts to $30,000,000, the cost analyst will report that residential service, in the aggregate, has yielded a return of $2,000,000 or 6-2/3 per cent.
Thus if the gyro and platform-controller combination maintains the platform with zero angular deviation about the **yf axis, the system can be rotated with an angular velocity Af if a torque is supplied to the gyro output axis Aj.
Thus, if we are to observe American folklore in the twentieth century, we will do well to establish the relationships between folklore, nationalism and imperialism at the outset.
Thus, if what is at issue is whether `` All S is P '', it is indifferent whether `` Some S is not P '' or `` No S is P '', since in either case the judgment in question is false.
For every group G there is a natural group homomorphism G → Aut ( G ) whose image is the group Inn ( G ) of inner automorphisms and whose kernel is the center of G. Thus, if G has trivial center it can be embedded into its own automorphism group.
Thus throwing a rock at someone for the purpose of hitting him is a battery if the rock in fact strikes the person and is an assault if the rock misses.
Thus, a court officer taking possession of goods under a court order may use force if reasonably necessary.
Thus, if P is a program in L < sub > 2 </ sub > which is a minimal description of s, then InterpretLanguage ( P ) returns the string s. The length of this description of s is the sum of
Thus, if every historian were to claim that there was a solar eclipse in the year 1600, then though we might at first naively regard that as in violation of natural laws, we'd come to accept it as a fact.
Thus and beam
Thus, the " pencil beam " directly generated by a common helium-neon laser would spread out to a size of perhaps 500 kilometers when shone on the Moon ( from the distance of the earth ).
Thus, beam electrons lose energy by promoting electrons from the valence band into the conduction band, leaving behind holes.
Thus if one applies light from two opposite directions, the atoms will always scatter more photons from the laser beam pointing opposite to their direction of motion.
Thus, the Constructicons were born, and were immediately put to work building a massive radio transmission dish that Soundwave used to beam a message to Cybertron.
Thus by scanning the electron beam in a prescribed fashion ( typically in a square or hexagonal grid, correcting for the image foreshortening due to the sample tilt ) results in many maps.
Thus this laser does not need a concave lens or refocusing lenses and beam quality improves along the gain medium.
Thus and light
Thus to has light stress both in that was the conclusion that I came to and in that was the conclusion I came to.
Thus, in general, elementary light optical effects, light scatter, and electron scatter determine the obtainable resolution limit.
In the field of high-energy particle physics, the fundamental velocity unit is the speed of light c. Thus, dividing energy in eV by the speed of light in vacuum, one can describe the momentum of an electron in units of eV / c.
Thus the " white " elves proper are named ljósálfar " light elves ", contrasting with døckálfar " dark elves ".
Thus in the system of units in which the fine structure constant is fixed, the observational claim is that the speed of light is time-dependent.
Hence, those with less pigmented skin survived and had children at higher rates because their skin allowed more UV light for the production of vitamin D. Thus, the skin of those in the group that left the African continent and went far north gradually developed adaptations for relatively greater translucence compared to equatorial hues.
Thus, if an optical brightener or color enhancer absorbs light energy and emits it through or with the dye, the appearance changes, as the spectrum of light re-emitted to the observer changes.
Thus, light extraction in LEDs is an important aspect of LED production, subject to much research and development.
Thus, a certain number of stars will be in the shell 1, 000, 000, 000 to 1, 000, 000, 001 light years away, say.
Thus the total light received from the second shell is the same as the total light received from the first shell.
Thus each shell of a given thickness will produce the same net amount of light regardless of how far away it is.
Thus the observed radiation density ( the sky brightness of extragalactic background light ) can be independent of finiteness of the Universe.
Thus, Nicolas Fabri de Peiresc saw the pagan religions of Africa of his day as relicts that were in principle capable of shedding light on the historical Paganism of Classical Antiquity.
Thus, sunlight's composition at ground level, per square meter, with the sun at the zenith, is about 527 watts of infrared radiation, 445 watts of visible light, and 32 watts of ultraviolet radiation.
Thus there are two unknowns ( albedo and size ), which can be determined by two independent measurements ( of the amount of reflected light and emitted infrared heat radiation ).
Thus, if the wavelength of the light is known, the slit separation can be determined from the interference pattern or fringes, and vice versa.
Thus, as the energy density is negative, one needs exotic matter to travel faster than the speed of light.
1.053 seconds.