Effective quantum field theories come with some high-energy cutoff, beyond which we do not expect that the theory provides a good description of nature.

A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field, the decay of which powers the emission of copious amounts of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.

Bremsstrahlung produced by a high-energy electron deflected in the electric field of an atomic nucleus

An electron that tunnels out from an atom or molecule may be sent right back in by the alternating field, at which point it can either recombine with the atom or molecule and release any excess energy or have the chance to further ionize the atom or molecule through high-energy collisions.

Prior to recombination, electrons and holes may be separated either by doping the material to form a p-n junction ( in semiconductor electroluminescent devices such as light-emitting diodes ) or through excitation by impact of high-energy electrons accelerated by a strong electric field ( as with the phosphors in electroluminescent displays ).

A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field, the decay of which powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.

Within the field of high-energy physics, the posting of preprints on arXiv is so common that many peer-reviewed journals allow submission of papers from arXiv directly, using the arXiv e-print number.

When high-energy particles are in rapid motion, including electrons forced to travel in a curved path by a magnetic field, synchrotron radiation is produced.

Since the 1970s, the most widely accepted model has been that the lobes or plumes are powered by beams of high-energy particles and magnetic field coming from close to the active nucleus.

The LECS and MECS had imaging capability, whereas the high-energy narrow field instruments were non-imaging.

Special purpose, high-energy triggerable spark gaps can be used to rapidly switch high voltages and very high currents for certain pulsed power applications, such as pulsed lasers, railguns, fusion, ultrastrong pulsed magnetic field research, and in the triggering of nuclear bombs.

In this situation the field θ describes something very different from its use in high-energy physics.

Ordinarily, quantum field theory does not deal with virtual particles of sufficient energy to curve spacetime significantly, so quantum foam is a speculative extension of these concepts which imagines the consequences of such high-energy virtual particles at very short distances and times.

The exponential decay of the magnetic field is equivalent with the Higgs mechanism in high-energy physics.

It is used mostly in high-energy DC circuits, like the exciter field of an alternator.

) a major solar flare occurs, and because Mars ' thin atmosphere and weak magnetic field provide less protection against high-energy particles than on Earth, this event overloads many electronics systems on Mars, as well as damaging the " exosuit " ( space suit ) systems of many people who are outdoors and otherwise unprotected, so that several members of the party are killed, including Telemachus.

This was a great time to be a high-energy theorist, the period of the famous triumph of quantum field theory.

There the solar wind velocity drops to zero, the magnetic field intensity doubles, and high-energy electrons from the galaxy increase 100-fold.

In theoretical physics, supersymmetric quantum mechanics is an area of research where mathematical concepts from high-energy physics are applied to the field of quantum mechanics.

Moreover, the high-energy physicists of the faculty form the center of a large international cooperation on a basic theory in the field, the Quantum Chromodynamics, with a large special computer, called QPACE.

While some of the energetic beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field and illuminated the sky, other high-energy electrons became trapped and formed radiation belts around the earth.

For instance, the field of accelerator physics can contribute to research in theoretical physics by enabling design and construction of high-energy colliders.

Auroras are curtains of light resulting from high-energy electrons racing along the planet's magnetic field into the upper atmosphere.

The electric charge-to-mass ratio of a particle can be measured by observing the radius of curling of its cloud-chamber track in a magnetic field.

By considering the propagation of the negative energy modes of the electron field backward in time, Ernst Stueckelberg reached a pictorial understanding of the fact that the particle and antiparticle have equal mass m and spin J but opposite charges q.

) In the field of particle physics, " shmoo " refers to a high energy survey instrument, as utilized at the Los Alamos National Laboratory to capture subatomic cosmic ray particles emitted from the Cygnus X-3 constellation.

For example, it also predicts the variation of the particle density in a gravitational field with height, if.

Dark energy in its simplest formulation takes the form of the cosmological constant term in Einstein's field equations of general relativity, but its composition and mechanism are unknown and, more generally, the details of its equation of state and relationship with the Standard Model of particle physics continue to be investigated both observationally and theoretically.

The physical model behind cosmic inflation is extremely simple, however it has not yet been confirmed by particle physics, and there are difficult problems reconciling inflation and quantum field theory.

The hypothetical particle or field thought to be responsible for inflation is called the inflaton.

Another example of centripetal force arises in the helix which is traced out when a charged particle moves in a uniform magnetic field in the absence of other external forces.

volume ) and its position in time ( perceived as a scalar dimension along the t-axis ), as well as the spatial constitution of objects within — structures that correlate with both particle and field conceptions, interact according to relative properties of mass — and are fundamentally mathematical in description.

Thus, a field due to any particular particle or time-varying electric or magnetic field contributes to the fields present in the same space due to other causes.

Stored energy is created whenever a particle has been moved through a field it interacts with ( requiring a force to do so ), but the energy to accomplish this is stored as a new position of the particles in the field — a configuration that must be " held " or fixed by a different type of force ( otherwise, the new configuration would resolve itself by the field pushing or pulling the particle back toward its previous position ).

Diagram showing field lines and equipotential s around an electron, a negatively charged particle.

When calculating scattering cross sections in particle physics, the interaction between particles can be described by starting from a free field which describes the incoming and outgoing particles, and including an interaction Hamiltonian to describe how the particles deflect one another.

Stueckelberg was motivated by the need for a manifestly covariant formalism for quantum field theory, but did not provide as automated a way to handle symmetry factors and loops, although he was first to find the correct physical interpretation in terms of forward and backward in time particle paths, all without the path-integral.

A Feynman diagram is a representation of quantum field theory processes in terms of particle paths.

In physics, the graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitation in the framework of quantum field theory.

Gel electrophoresis uses a gel as an anticonvective medium and or sieving medium during electrophoresis, the movement of a charged particle in an electrical field.

Such group symmetries allow the reinterpretation of several known particles as different states of a single particle field.