Tolkien Encyclopedia compares Tolkien's Father Christmas with L. Frank Baum's Santa Claus, as he appears in The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus:

Glaurung is the Father of Dragons in Tolkien's legendarium, and the first of the Urulóki, the Fire-drakes of Angband.

In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth, Atanatar (" Father of fathers ") is the title of two Kings of Gondor:

Books include The Disney Studio Story and Mickey Mouse: His Life and Times ( with Richard Holliss ); The Land of Narnia, illustrated by Pauline Baynes ; The Treasury of Narnia ( with Alison Sage ); Shadowlands: The True Story of C. S. Lewis and Joy Davidman ; The Book of Guinness Advertising ; a biography of Wilbert Vere Awdry, entitled The Thomas the Tank Engine Man ; A Christmas Carol: The Unsung Story ; Cracking Animation: The Aardman book of 3-D Film-making, ( with Peter Lord ); Chicken Run: Hatching the Movie ; Three Cheers for Pooh ; and The Maps of Tolkien's Middle-earth with artist John Howe.

Tolkien's Letters ) began publication in 2007, it also supports the role-playing community using ICE's MERP, Decipher's LotR, and other Tolkien-centric role playing games.

Further posthumous publications ( with text more closely following Tolkien's original ) include Unfinished Tales, The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, Bilbo's Last Song, and The Children of Húrin.

A few high fantasy series do not easily fit into Gamble's categories, for example ; J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings is set in primary world of Earth in the ancient past, and he adamantly disagreed with anyone who thought otherwise, see The Letters of J. R. R.

Tolkien's Elves are still very much " human ," and although they can be killed by injury or die of grief, and they do age ( besides " emotional ageing ," the males grow beards upon reaching a " third cycle of life ," though these beards never reach the glory of an adolescent dwarf woman ), dead Elves are normally re-embodied after an indefinite period of time — according to Tolkien's Letters and other posthumously published writings.

* In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional Middle-earth, several armies are Armies and hosts of Middle-earth warfare, referred to as hosts

They are sometimes compared to the work of his older contemporary J. R. R. Tolkien, but his surreal fiction was influenced by his early love for Charles Dickens and Robert Louis Stevenson rather than Tolkien's studies of mythology and philology.

Many of these " Literary RPGs " are fan-fiction based, such as ( most prevalently ) Tolkien's Middle-earth, Star Wars, Harry Potter, Twilight, any number of anime and manga sources, or they are simply based in thematic worlds such as the mythologies of Ancient Greece, fairy tales, the Renaissance or science fiction.

Tolkien also explores the motif of jewels that inspire intense greed that corrupts those who covet them in the Silmarillion, and there are connections between the words " Arkenstone " and " Silmaril " in Tolkien's invented etymologies.

The Hobbit may be read as Tolkien's parable of World War I with the hero being plucked from his rural home and thrown into a far-off war where traditional types of heroism are shown to be futile.

* In J. R. R Tolkien's The Silmarillion, the Two Trees of Valinor are the sources of light in Middle-earth.

Tolkien used tengwar to write English: most of Tolkien's tengwar samples are actually in English.

Featural scripts are also common in fictional or invented systems, such as Tolkien's Tengwar.

Taken from the Old English warg, the wargs or wild wolves are a race of fictional wolf creatures in J. R. R. Tolkien's books about Middle-earth.

Similar to Tolkien's works, they are often depicted as evil, intelligent wolves that speak their own language, and are often allied with goblin tribes.

Hobbits are a fictional diminutive humanoid race who inhabit the lands of Middle-earth in J. R. R. Tolkien's fiction.

Nowadays ( according to Tolkien's fiction ), they are usually very shy creatures, but are nevertheless capable of great courage and amazing feats under the proper circumstances.

However, they are sometimes spoken of in the present tense, and the prologue " Concerning Hobbits " in The Lord of the Rings states that they have survived into Tolkien's day.

The Nazgûl ( from Black Speech nazg, " ring ", and gûl, " wraith, spirit " ( presumably related to gul, " sorcery "); also called Ringwraiths, Ring-wraiths, Black Riders, Dark Riders, the Nine Riders, or simply the Nine are fictional characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium.

In Tolkien's narrative conceit, in which all the writings of Middle-earth are translations from the fictitious volume of The Red Book of Westmarch, Bilbo is the author of The Hobbit and translator of various " works from the elvish ", as mentioned in the end of The Return of the King.

Tolkien's writings are not consistent concerning the descent of the Princes or the founding of their line.

Tolkien's original thoughts about the later ages of Middle-earth are outlined in his first sketches for the legend of Númenor made in mid-1930s, and already contain conceptions resembling that of Gondor.

Tolkien's Dwarves, much like their mythical forebears, are great metalworkers, smiths and stoneworkers.

The three who enter Tolkien's histories are:

Her origins are unclear, as Tolkien's writings don't explicitly reveal her nature, other than that she is from " before the world ".

Other races of Men are mentioned in Tolkien's work, though they play a relatively small part in the history of Middle-earth.

David Salo wrote A Gateway to Sindarin: A Grammar of an Elvish Language from J. R. R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings ( University of Utah Press ).

The final development of the history and geographical nature of Gondor took place around 1970, in the last years of Tolkien's life, when he invented justifications for the place-names and wrote full narratives for the stories of Isildur's death and of the battles with the Wainriders and the Balchoth ( published in Unfinished Tales ).

Fellow fantasy author Michael Moorcock wrote that Eddison's characters, particularly his villains, are more vivid than Tolkien's.

With Tolkien's approval, Donald Swann wrote the music for this song cycle, and much of the music resembles English traditional music or folk music.

Ethan Gilsdorf reviewing The Children of Húrin wrote of the editorial function: " Of almost equal interest is Christopher Tolkien's task editing his father's abandoned projects.

In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth, the Half-elven ( Sindarin singular Peredhel, plural Peredhil, Quenya singular Perelda ) are the children of the union of Elves and Men.

Like many other ideas in Tolkien's mythos, the notion of half-elves is borrowed from Norse mythology, in which elves occasionally had children with humans.

In Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote, the ideal beauty is Dulcinea whose " hairs are gold "; in Milton's poem Paradise Lost the noble and innocent Adam and Eve have " golden tresses ", the protagonist-womanizer in Guy de Maupassant's novel Bel Ami who " recalled the hero of the popular romances " has " slightly reddish chestnut blond hair ", while near the end of J. R. R. Tolkien's work The Lord of the Rings, the especially favorable year following the War of the Ring was signified in the Shire by an exceptional number of blonde-haired children.

* Ausir, one of the children in the Cottage of Lost Play in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Book of Lost Tales

By contrast, it is basic to Tolkien's Christian and Catholic conception of Arda that Men, the younger children of Ilúvatar ( God ), by means of the Gift of Men ( death ) are able to escape the confines of the world.

* Gram ( Middle-earth ), a King of Rohan from J. R. R. Tolkien's fiction

Examples would be: Tolkien's Morgoth of The Silmarillion as well as Sauron, the King of the Nazgûl and the others of the Nine Riders from The Lord of the Rings, Lord Voldemort from Harry Potter series, Lasky's Kludd and Nyra of Guardians of Ga ' Hoole, Brooks's Warlock Lord of The Sword of Shannara, Jordan's Dark One of The Wheel of Time, and Eddings ' Torak of The Belgariad and Zandramas of The Malloreon, Rick Riordan's Kronos of Percy Jackson and the Olympians, Goodkind's Darken Rahl and Emperor Jagang of The Sword of Truth, Dart-Thornton's Moragon, and Paolini's Galbatorix of The Inheritance Cycle.

It can be found, most notably, in Tolkien's book titled Tree and Leaf, and in other places ( including the collections The Tolkien Reader, Poems & Stories, A Tolkien Miscellany, and Tales from the Perilous Realm ).

Created proverb from J. R. R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings on a bumper sticker.

Patrick Curry notes that animism is also found in Tolkien's other works, and mentions the " roots of mountains " and " feet of trees " in The Hobbit as a linguistic shifting in level from the inanimate to animate.

As Janet Croft notes, Tolkien's literary reaction to war at this time differed from most post-war writers by eschewing irony as a method for distancing events and instead using mythology to mediate his experiences.

There he learnt a lot about writing and editing, and later admitted of Tolkien's influence, " to be successful in fantasy, you have to take the measure of Tolkien — work with his strengths and away from his weaknesses ".

Tolkien's map shown in The Hobbit depicts the mountain as having six ridges stretching out from a central peak that was snowcapped well into Spring.

Jackson's creatures explicitly differ from Tolkien's description in that they have teeth instead of beaks.

In the former, he is dressed in barbarian garb, which is departing from Tolkien's text completely.

In a departure from the structure of Tolkien's book, Boromir's death is shown at the end of The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ), instead of being related at the beginning of The Two Towers.

The element arnach is stated to have been pre-Númenórean and thus of an unknown meaning, while loss was apparently intended to derive from an Elvish stem for " snow ", since in early Tolkien's drafts the name appears as Glossarnach .</ div >

; Andrast: A peninsula in the south-west of Gondor ; the name translates from Sindarin as " long cape " and is also given an alternative in some of Tolkien's works, Ras Morthil with the meaning either " cape of dark sheen " or " cape of dark horn ".

* mithril, a strong, silvery fictional metal from J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings

The Austrian folk band Rivendell takes the material for their lyrics almost entirely from Tolkien's books.

According to the essay The Istari from the Unfinished Tales, the name Radagast means " tender of beasts " in Adûnaic, another of Tolkien's fictional languages.