Tolkien, himself a philologist, sprinkled several philological jokes into the tale, including a variety of ingeniously fake etymologies.

An autobiographical interpretation places Tolkien himself as Niggle — in mundane matters as well as spiritual ones.

* Naffarin was the first language Tolkien constructed by himself during his adolescence ; only one sentence remains which shows a Spanish affinity.

* Gautisk is a Germanic " unrecorded " language in which Tolkien called himself Undarhruiménitupp.

Boromir has been mentioned with other Tolkienian characters such as Fëanor or Túrin Turambar who display " excess " for the sake of their own personal glory, a trait in leaders that Tolkien himself despised.

In a 1951 letter, Tolkien himself wrote about " the Byzantine City of Minas Tirith.

Tolkien says both " the Nine the nazgûl keep " and that Sauron had gathered the Nine to himself, though in the latter case his meaning may be metaphorical.

Tolkien himself admitted to being heavily affected by Norse / Germanic, Finnish, Greek and Roman myths.

In 1980 Buechner reviewed Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-earth by J. R. R. Tolkien, noting that the book was “ in short, a production less of Tolkien himself than of the Tolkien industry .”

Tolkien describes the language as existing in two forms, the ancient " pure " forms used by Sauron himself, the Nazgûl, and the Olog-hai, and the more " debased " form used by the soldiery of the Barad-dûr at the end of the Third Age.

The " new lands " have been compared before to the Americas by fans, although Tolkien himself never indicated whether that was what he intended.

All these words may derive from a shared Indo-European mythological concept ( as Tolkien himself speculated, as cited by Tom Shippey, The Road to Middle-earth, 45 ).

Tolkien also suggested that Men were cross-bred with Orcs under Morgoth's lieutenant, Sauron ( and possibly under Morgoth himself ).

The sole exception is the Quenya song " Namárië ," which was based on a tune by Tolkien himself and which has some affinities to Gregorian chant.

Side one of this record consisted of Tolkien himself reading five poems from The Adventures of Tom Bombadil.

Here Tolkien says that the title of " Prince " was given to the line of Dol Amroth by Elendil himself ; this was the family that had led the original Númenórean colonisation.

The Children of Ilúvatar ( Elves and Men ) are described as existing as two parts: they have a " spirit " or " soul " called fëa, and a body or hröa which is made out of the matter of Arda ( erma ); for this reason hröar are Marred ( or, using another expression by Tolkien himself, contain a " Melkoringredient "), and this explains also why it was easier for Melkor and his servants to seduce Men rather than Elves, because mannish fëar have much less control of their hröar.

The idea of the Eagles transporting the Ring to Mount Doom, or at least part of the way, is not discussed in The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien himself apparently never specifically addressed it, except in an oblique manner.

In a sketch for the former, Tolkien projected that it would be " Sorontur " ( Thorondor ) himself that appeared in Númenor to the protagonist of the story.

Tolkien says neither hobbit seemed willing " to delete anything actually written by the old hobbit himself.

Ballantine prevailed in the struggle for the Tolkien work, with their editions of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings including a message on the back cover from Tolkien himself urging consumers to buy Ballantine's version and boycott " unauthorized editions " ( i. e. the version from Ace Books ).

This concept, which shares much in common with phenomenology, Tolkien calls " recovery ," in the sense that one's unquestioned assumptions might be recovered and changed by an outside perspective.

" Tolkien wrote to W. H. Auden that The Marvellous Land of Snergs " was probably an unconscious source-book for the Hobbits " and he told an interviewer that the word hobbit " might have been associated with Sinclair Lewis's Babbitt " ( like hobbits, George Babbitt enjoys the comforts of his home ).

Tolkien once wrote that he " did not intend the steed of the Witch-king to be what is now called a ' pterodactyl '", while acknowledging that it was " obviously ... pterodactylic and owes much " to the " new ... mythology of the ' Prehistoric '", and might even be " a last survivor of older geological eras.

In some of his later writings Tolkien made changes which might indicate that no Vala had definite knowledge of what would happen at the end of the world, beyond that a Last Battle would be fought between the forces of Light and Darkness.

In a letter from 1959, C. S. Lewis wrote, " No one ever influenced Tolkien — you might as well try to influence a bandersnatch.

Reference points might be taken as children's writer Beatrix Potter, John Betjeman ( more interested in Victoriana ), and the fantasy author J. R. R. Tolkien, whose hobbit characters ' culture in The Shire embodied many aspects of the Merry England point of view.

Tolkien describes the army as the greatest to issue from that vale since the days of Isildur's might, no host so fell and strong in arms had yet assailed the fords of Anduin ; and yet it was but one and not the greatest of the hosts that Mordor now sent forth.

Tolkien described the trolls of that region, including the three from The Hobbit, as stone-trolls, suggesting that hill-trolls might be a sub-class or alternate term for such.

Since the degree of narrative consistency that might be expected from a series of novels is not always found in Tolkien's work, Flieger attributed the need on the part of some readers to find consistency within the stories to the sense of reality that Tolkien strove to instil in his work, although the search for a definitive fictional canon has been seen as ultimately irrelevant to appreciation of his tales.

" Tolkien himself said of Quenya, " Actually it might be said to be composed on a Latin basis with two other ingredients that happen to give me ' phonaesthetic ' pleasure: Finnish and Greek.

The view of J. R. R. Tolkien is that the poem retains a much too genuine memory of Anglo-Saxon paganism to have been composed more than a few generations after the completion of the Christianisation of England around AD 700.

This brash act ( which ultimately benefited his primary competitors as well as Tolkien ) was really the Big Bang that founded the modern fantasy field, and only someone like my father could have done that.

Although Ace and Wollheim have become the villains in the Tolkien publishing gospel, it's probable that the whole Tolkien boom would not have happened if Ace hadn't published them.

Tolkien, have insisted on the traditional form of Father Christmas in preference to Santa Claus.

In older scholarship, the scholar J. R. R. Tolkien and others have argued for a historical basis for Hengist.

Such distortions of Germanic mythology were denounced by J. R. R. Tolkien, e. g. in a 1941 letter where he speaks of Hitler's corruption of "... that noble northern spirit, a supreme contribution to Europe, which I have ever loved and tried to present in its true light.

Tolkien departed from this ; his work was nominally part of the history of our own world, but did not have the close linkage to history or contemporary times that his precursors had.

Tolkien refines parts of Beowulf plot that he appears to have found less than satisfactorily described, such as details about the cup-thief and the dragon's intellect and personality.

Since then all " authorized " adaptations have been signed-off by Tolkien Enterprises.

The young Tolkien attempted a retelling of the story of Kullervo from the Kalevala in the style of The House of the Wolfings ; Tolkien considered much of his literary work to have been inspired by an early reading of Morris, even suggesting that he was unable to better Morris's work ; the names of characters such as " Gandolf " and the horse Silverfax appear in The Well at the World's End.

J. R. R. Tolkien is one of many scholars who have studied and promoted the Mercian dialect of Old English, and introduced various Mercian terms into his legendarium – especially in relation to the Kingdom of Rohan, otherwise known as the Mark ( a name cognate with Mercia ).

Morris ' book is a multi-part ' magical journey ' involving elves, dwarves and kings in a pseudo-medieval landscape which is known to have deeply influenced Tolkien.

But the decision to use Old Norse names came to have far-reaching consequences in the composition of The Lord of the Rings ; in 1942, Tolkien decided that the work was to be a purported translation from the fictional language of Westron, and in the English translation Old Norse names were taken to represent names in the language of Dale.

There he learnt a lot about writing and editing, and later admitted of Tolkien's influence, " to be successful in fantasy, you have to take the measure of Tolkien — work with his strengths and away from his weaknesses ".

Tolkien writes that Smaug's rage was the kind which " is only seen when rich folk that have more than they can enjoy lose something they have long had but never before used or wanted.

Although Tolkien never gave a fully complete description of the Wargs ( he simply noted that they were demonic wolves ), they do seem to have a regular wolf-appearance in both The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, and they are regularly called " wolves.

The parody generally follows the outline of The Lord of the Rings, including the preface, the prologue, poetry, and songs, while making light of what Tolkien made serious ( e. g., " He would have finished him off then and there, but pity stayed his hand.

The land was ruled by the Prince of Dol Amroth, subject to the King of Gondor, and was stated by Tolkien to have been populated by Númenóreans since the Second Age .</ div >