Tolkien, himself a philologist, sprinkled several philological jokes into the tale, including a variety of ingeniously fake etymologies.

An autobiographical interpretation places Tolkien himself as Niggle — in mundane matters as well as spiritual ones.

Tolkien himself might have disagreed with an allegorical interpretation.

* Naffarin was the first language Tolkien constructed by himself during his adolescence ; only one sentence remains which shows a Spanish affinity.

* Gautisk is a Germanic " unrecorded " language in which Tolkien called himself Undarhruiménitupp.

Boromir has been mentioned with other Tolkienian characters such as Fëanor or Túrin Turambar who display " excess " for the sake of their own personal glory, a trait in leaders that Tolkien himself despised.

In a 1951 letter, Tolkien himself wrote about " the Byzantine City of Minas Tirith.

Tolkien says both " the Nine the nazgûl keep " and that Sauron had gathered the Nine to himself, though in the latter case his meaning may be metaphorical.

Tolkien himself admitted to being heavily affected by Norse / Germanic, Finnish, Greek and Roman myths.

In 1980 Buechner reviewed Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-earth by J. R. R. Tolkien, noting that the book was “ in short, a production less of Tolkien himself than of the Tolkien industry .”

Tolkien describes the language as existing in two forms, the ancient " pure " forms used by Sauron himself, the Nazgûl, and the Olog-hai, and the more " debased " form used by the soldiery of the Barad-dûr at the end of the Third Age.

The " new lands " have been compared before to the Americas by fans, although Tolkien himself never indicated whether that was what he intended.

All these words may derive from a shared Indo-European mythological concept ( as Tolkien himself speculated, as cited by Tom Shippey, The Road to Middle-earth, 45 ).

Tolkien also suggested that Men were cross-bred with Orcs under Morgoth's lieutenant, Sauron ( and possibly under Morgoth himself ).

The sole exception is the Quenya song " Namárië ," which was based on a tune by Tolkien himself and which has some affinities to Gregorian chant.

Side one of this record consisted of Tolkien himself reading five poems from The Adventures of Tom Bombadil.

Here Tolkien says that the title of " Prince " was given to the line of Dol Amroth by Elendil himself ; this was the family that had led the original Númenórean colonisation.

The Children of Ilúvatar ( Elves and Men ) are described as existing as two parts: they have a " spirit " or " soul " called fëa, and a body or hröa which is made out of the matter of Arda ( erma ); for this reason hröar are Marred ( or, using another expression by Tolkien himself, contain a " Melkoringredient "), and this explains also why it was easier for Melkor and his servants to seduce Men rather than Elves, because mannish fëar have much less control of their hröar.

The idea of the Eagles transporting the Ring to Mount Doom, or at least part of the way, is not discussed in The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien himself apparently never specifically addressed it, except in an oblique manner.

In a sketch for the former, Tolkien projected that it would be " Sorontur " ( Thorondor ) himself that appeared in Númenor to the protagonist of the story.

Tolkien says neither hobbit seemed willing " to delete anything actually written by the old hobbit himself.

Ballantine prevailed in the struggle for the Tolkien work, with their editions of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings including a message on the back cover from Tolkien himself urging consumers to buy Ballantine's version and boycott " unauthorized editions " ( i. e. the version from Ace Books ).

Tolkien was a philologist by profession, and spent much time on his constructed languages.

The most recent ( 2005 ) edition, edited by Verlyn Flieger, includes a previously unpublished essay by Tolkien, explaining the background and just why the elf-king spent so long in Wootton Major.

J. R. R. Tolkien spent his early years in Moseley, living close to Sarehole Mill in Hall Green.

The hotel has played host to many famous and influential people including Alfred Lord Tennyson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Hilaire Belloc, G. K. Chesterton and J. R. R. Tolkien who spent several holidays there.

Hall Green has been a home to comedian Tony Hancock, who lived at 41 Southam Road until the age of three ( the house contains a plaque commemorating this ), racing commentator Murray Walker, who was born at 214 Reddings Lane ( which is now a dentist ), Nigel Mansell, who though born in Upton-upon-Severn spent most of his childhood and early adult years in the area and most famously J. R. R. Tolkien, who lived near Sarehole Mill, Birmingham's only working water mill.

On 5 October 1944, Campbell spent an evening with C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien at Magdalen College, Oxford.

Another Oxford professor and author, J. R. R. Tolkien, often spent his time at the garden reposing under his favourite tree, Pinus nigra.

* J. R. R. Tolkien spent most of his childhood in the Birmingham area, and his work is much influenced by his time there ; his parents also came from Birmingham.

It has been plausibly suggested that these cave-houses and their small gardens were the inspiration for Hobbiton in the writings of J. R. R. Tolkien, who grew up and spent his young adulthood in nearby Birmingham and Staffordshire.

One famous landmark is Sarehole Mill, where J. R. R. Tolkien spent his boyhood and which provided the inspiration for The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings.

The view of J. R. R. Tolkien is that the poem retains a much too genuine memory of Anglo-Saxon paganism to have been composed more than a few generations after the completion of the Christianisation of England around AD 700.

This concept, which shares much in common with phenomenology, Tolkien calls " recovery ," in the sense that one's unquestioned assumptions might be recovered and changed by an outside perspective.

Tolkien wrote the later story in much less humorous tones and infused it with more complex moral and philosophical themes.

The young Tolkien attempted a retelling of the story of Kullervo from the Kalevala in the style of The House of the Wolfings ; Tolkien considered much of his literary work to have been inspired by an early reading of Morris, even suggesting that he was unable to better Morris's work ; the names of characters such as " Gandolf " and the horse Silverfax appear in The Well at the World's End.

Subsequent appearances of the creatures in popular culture often owe much to Tolkien.

Tolkien once wrote that he " did not intend the steed of the Witch-king to be what is now called a ' pterodactyl '", while acknowledging that it was " obviously ... pterodactylic and owes much " to the " new ... mythology of the ' Prehistoric '", and might even be " a last survivor of older geological eras.

Tolkien felt the chosen title revealed too much of the story, and indicated he preferred The War of the Ring as a title.

The Dark Tower was described as existing on a massive scale so large it was almost surreal, although Tolkien does not provide much detail beyond its size and immense strength.

With C & S2, the system was designed as a complete simulation of the Middle Ages in all its aspects, political, economic and military, enhanced by a strong fantasy come mainly from the world of JRR Tolkien, to a set of more conventional role in which realism is nonetheless wants very strong, much stronger than in other games in the same period.

J. R. R. Tolkien wanted to use this as the overall title for the third volume of The Lord of the Rings, feeling that the title " The Return of the King " gave away too much of the plot.

Christopher Tolkien does not venture a guess on why Tolkien made these changes, but it may be that he felt the Elves did much better against Morgoth than they reasonably should have ( especially given the extreme length and difficulty of the later War of Wrath ).

Christopher Tolkien has documented the history of the writing of the Middle-earth stories in as much detail as his father documented the fictional history of Middle-earth itself.

The inscription in Book X reads: " In this book are given many of the later writings of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien concerning the history of the Elder Days from the Music of the Ainur to the Hiding of Valinor ; here much is told of Sun and the Moon ; of the immortal Eldar and the death of the Atani ; of the beginning of the Orcs and of the evil power of Melkor, the Morgoth, the Black Foe of the World.

The inscription in Book XI reads: " In this book are recorded the last writings of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien concerning the wars of Beleriand, here also is told the story of how Húrin Thalin brought ruin to the Men of Brethil, with much else concerning the Edain and Dwarves and the names of many peoples in the speech of the Elves.

However, in the 1950s Tolkien decided to use a much greater value of 144 solar years per Valian year, and included this figure in The Lord of the Rings appendices as the length of the elven year ( the yen ).

In contrast, Tolkien described time as having flowed more slowly in Aman, such that a Valian year there would ' feel ' like the passage of a single solar year in Middle-earth despite being much longer.

Booth stated that their film was " much more irreverent and strange " compared to other behind-the-scenes documentaries of the film trilogy, which were " very much driven around the production and the cast and Tolkien ".

Auden, former student of Tolkien, supports this notion in his review of one of Tolkien's books :" Of any imaginary world the reader demands that it seem real, and the standard of realism demanded today is much stricter than in the time, say, of Malory.

Countless constructed cultures exist, spanning many genres of fiction, as most world-constructors, unlike Tolkien, find it much easier to create a culture than a language.

" Fantasy of manners " is fantasy literature that owes as much or more to the comedy of manners as it does to the traditional heroic fantasy of J. R. R. Tolkien and other authors of high fantasy.