The Touraine takes its name from a Celtic tribe called the Turones, who inhabited the region about two thousand years ago.

Throughout the late 15th and 16th centuries, Touraine was a favorite residence of French kings, and the dark and gloomy castles were converted to Renaissance châteaux ; for this reason the region was titled " The Garden of France ".

Most of the former province of Touraine is inside the Centre region.

In parts of northeast Italy, Anjou-Saumur, Touraine and the right bank region of Bordeaux, Cabernet Franc both plays a more prominent role in blends and is vinted as a varietal.

The denier tournois coin was initially minted by the abbey of Saint Martin in the Touraine region of France.

The French ampelographer Pierre Galet has theorized that Chenin blanc originated in the Anjou wine region sometime in the 9th century and from there traveled to Touraine by at least the 15th century.

This consolidated Chenin's presence to the Middle Loire region around Anjou-Saumur and Touraine.

In the north, in the country of French speech, vernacular poetry was in full bloom ; but between the districts in which it had developed, Champagne, Île-de-France, Picardy and Normandy and the region in which Occitan literature had sprung up, there seems to have been an intermediate zone formed by Burgundy, Bourbonnais, Berry, Touraine and Anjou which, far on in the Middle Ages, appears to have remained almost barren of vernacular literature.

Most of the grape's viticultural history is tied in to the historic Touraine region where it is still most prevalent today, particularly in the Loir-et-Cher département.

Born in 1747 in the Touraine region of France, Pierre Desloges moved to Paris as a young man, where he became a bookbinder and upholsterer.

Then the king came to the Haye in Touraine and his men had passed the river of Loire, some at the bridge of Orléans and some at Meung, at Saumur, at Blois, and at Tours and whereas they might: they were in number a twenty thousand men of arms beside other ; there were a twenty-six dukes and earls ( Counts ) and more than sixscore banners, and the four sons of the king, who were but young, the duke Charles of Normandy, the lord Louis, that was from thenceforth duke of Anjou, and the lord John duke of Berry, and the lord Philip, who was after duke of Burgoyne ".

Tours became the capital of the county of Tours or Touraine, territory bitterly disputed between the counts of Blois and Anjou – the latter were victorious in the 9th century.

It was the capital of France at the time of Louis XI, who had settled in the castle of Montils ( today the castle of Plessis in La Riche, western suburbs of Tours ), Tours and Touraine remained until the 16th century a permanent residence of the kings and court.

The rebirth gave Tours and Touraine many private mansions and castles, joined together to some extent under the generic name of the Chateaux of the Loire.

The TGV, which connects Tours with Paris in less than an hour, has made the Touraine a place of residence for people who work in the capital but seek a different quality of life.

# Touraine ( Tours )

Benoît de Sainte-Maure ( died 1173 ) was a 12th century French poet, most probably from Sainte-Maure de Touraine near Tours, France.

He remained in favour, despite the opposition of the queen-mother, Catherine de ' Medici, fought at Contras, defended Tours against the Leaguers, was named chévalier de Saint Esprit and governor of Touraine ( 1585 ), and was one of the first to recognize Henry IV ( 1589 ), who subsequently entrusted him with the education of the dauphin.

Douglas ( the newly created Duke of Touraine ), and Buchan left Tours on 4 August to link with the French commanders, the Duke of Alençon and the Viscounts of Narbonne and Aumale.

In German it is however generally Wallonenland: Le païs de Valons, Belgolalia, Wallonenland, in " Le Grand Dictionnaire Royal " Augsbourg, 1767 ; The name of the churches ' consecration is in Touraine assemblées, in Bretagne pardons, in the North Departments sometimes kermesses, sometimes as in the Walloon country, ducasses ( from dedicatio ) In English, it is Walloon country ( see further James Shaw ).

The Touraine () is one of the traditional provinces of France.

The Touraine is celebrated for its many châteaux: examples are those at Amboise, Azay-le-Rideau, Chaumont, Chenonceaux, Chinon, Langeais, Loches, Villandry and Blois.

That is why we can call it the programmed society, because this phrase captures its capacity to create models of management, production, organization, distribution, and consumption, so that such a society appears, at all its functional levels, as the product of an action exercised by the society itself, and not as the outcome of natural laws or cultural specificities " ( Touraine 1988: 104 ).

That modern society is increasing its capacity to act upon itself means for Touraine that society is reinvesting ever larger parts of production and so produces and transforms itself.

In France, Sauvignon Blanc is grown in the maritime climate of Bordeaux ( especially in Entre-Deux-Mers, Graves and Pessac-Leognan as a dry wine, and in Sauternes as a sweet wine ) as well as the continental climate of the Loire Valley ( as Pouilly Fumé, Sancerre, and Sauvignon de Touraine ).

There is a small amount of Malbec grown in the middle Loire Valley and permitted in the AOCs of Anjou, Coteaux du Loir, Touraine and the sparkling wine AOC of Saumur where it is blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and Gamay.

Azay-le-Rideau is the center of the Touraine Azay-le-Rideau AOC for white and rose wine.

Today, Pinot Meunier is found outside of Champagne in dwindling quantities in the Loire Valley regions of Touraine and Orleans as well as the Cotes de Toul and Moselle regions.

While most Chenin blanc is produced as a varietal wine, up to 20 % of Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc are permitted in wines with the basic Anjou, Saumur, and Touraine designations.

Like all originality, it asserts itself in what peculiar they have, in what is normally not found neither north of the Loire river ( Touraine and Anjou ), neither in the western edges of the Central Massif ( Limousin and Périgord ), neither south of the Gironde and Dordogne rivers ( Gascony ), namely: special terms ( like brelière, basket andle, or borde, fish bone ), very particular stress switching ( for example, in the third persons of the verb plural: i devant, ils doivent ( they have to ) ; il avant, ils ont ( they have )), etc.

But this originality is made also – and for a part surely as important – from the agreement alternatively offered by these dialects, either with the ones from the west of the oil language ( from the English Channel to the Gironde river rules the type j ’ allons ( nous allons, we go ), while the Limousin language uses " n ’" or " nous " as a pronoun subject for the first persons plural, that the South does not express ; " aller, avoine "… are opposed to " ana, civada "… from the south and the east ,-either with the ones from the oc language ( from the Pyrenees to the Loire river " abeille " contrasts with the " avette " from Touraine and Anjou and the " mouche à miel " from Berry and Orleanese ; fisson, ( bee sting, aiguillon de guêpe ), vergne ( aulne, alder ) are said also in Limousin and in the South, but don't pass the Loire river in the north ; i. e. as well the French forms " aile ", " tel ", " brebis "… which are, in the countries over the Loire, " ale ", " tau ", " oueille "...)"

Like all originality, it asserts itself in what peculiar they have, in what is normally not found neither north of the Loire river ( Touraine and Anjou ), neither in the western edges of the Central Massif ( Limousin and Périgord ), neither south of the Gironde and Dordogne rivers ( Gascony ), namely: special terms ( like brelière, basket andle, or borde, fish bone ), very particular stress switching ( for example, in the third persons of the verb plural: i devant, ils doivent ( they have to ) ; il avant, ils ont ( they have )), etc.

But this originality is made also – and for a part surely as important – from the agreement alternatively offered by these dialects, either with the ones from the west of the oil language ( from the English Channel to the Gironde river rules the type j ’ allons ( nous allons, we go ), while the Limousin language uses " n ’" or " nous " as a pronoun subject for the first persons plural, that the South does not express ; " aller, avoine "… are opposed to " ana, civada "… from the south and the east ,-either with the ones from the oc language ( from the Pyrenees to the Loire river " abeille " contrasts with the " avette " from Touraine and Anjou and the " mouche à miel " from Berry and Orleanese ; fisson, ( bee sting, aiguillon de guêpe ), vergne ( aulne, alder ) are said also in Limousin and in the South, but don't pass the Loire river in the north ; i. e. as well the French forms " aile ", " tel ", " brebis "… which are, in the countries over the Loire, " ale ", " tau ", " oueille "...)"

Alain Touraine ( born 3 August 1925 ) is a French sociologist born in Hermanville-sur-Mer.

* the unity of place is in question: the first act is in Alcandre's grotto in Touraine, the three middle acts are in Bordeaux, and the final act is in Paris

In 1445 it was planted in near a site known as Mont Chenin in Touraine by the Lord of Chenonceaux and his brother in law, the abbot of Cormery.

Chosen to represent the provincial synod of Anjou, Touraine and Maine at the national synod held in 1631 at Charenton, he was appointed as orator to present to the king The Copy of their Complaints and Grievances for the Infractions and Violations of the Edict of Nantes.

The treaty was meant to bring peace to Normandy by settling the issue of the boundaries of the much reduced duchy and the terms of John's vassalage for it and Anjou, Maine, and Touraine.

* 1716 – Jean Thurel enlists in the Touraine Regiment at the age of 17, the first day of a military career that would span for over 90 years.

In order, however, to obtain his recognition as count, Fulk IV Réchin ( 1068 – 14 April 1109 ) had to carry on a long struggle with his barons, to cede Gâtinais to King Philip I, and to do homage to the count of Blois for Touraine.

" He therefore set himself up in rivalry with John Lackland, youngest son of Henry II, and supported by Philip Augustus of France, and aided by William des Roches, seneschal of Anjou, he managed to enter Angers ( 18 April 1199 ) and there have himself recognized as count of the three countships of Anjou, Maine and Touraine, for which he did homage to the king of France.

He was created Duke of Touraine in 1360, but in 1363, as a reward for his behaviour at Poitiers, he returned this to the crown, receiving instead from his father the Duchy of Burgundy in apanage, which his father had been Duke of since the death of Philip of Rouvres in 1361.

* The Fondation René Touraine, the International Foundation for Dermatology Fondation René Touraine

It has its origins in the 15th century war with the English for control of France when a victorious Charles VII of France gave the domain and great forest of Oiron to Guillaume Gouffier who became governor of Touraine.

The names of the historical French provinces — such as Brittany ( Bretagne ), Berry, Orléanais, Normandy ( Normandie ), Languedoc, Lyonnais, Dauphiné, Champagne, Poitou, Guyenne and Gascony ( Gascogne ), Burgundy ( Bourgogne ), Picardy ( Picardie ), Provence, Touraine, Limousin, Auvergne, Béarn, Alsace, Flanders, Lorraine, Corsica ( Corse ), Savoy ( Savoie )... ( please see individual articles for specifics about each regional culture ) — are still used to designate natural, historical and cultural regions, and many of them appear in modern région or département names.

De la Broce was from a family of petty nobility in Touraine, and was a minor household official for Louis IX.

It gave Guntram's portion with Poitou and Touraine to Childebert II | Childebert in exchange for extensive lands in southern and central Aquitaine.

Brought up on his father's estate of Méré in Touraine, he conceived a bitter aversion for the nobility, which seemed to strengthen with time.

The reigns of the early counts of Anjou were marked by power struggles with neighbouring provinces such as Normandy and Brittany for regional supremacy, resulting in Angevin influence extending into Maine and Touraine.