The buildings of Tours are white with blue slate ( called Ardoise ) roofs ; this style is common in the north of France, while most buildings in the south of France have terracotta roofs.

Tours does not have a metro rail system ; instead there is a bus service, the main central stop being Jean Jaures, which is next to the Hôtel de Ville, and rue Nationale, the high street of Tours.

Modern historians, using estimates of what the land was able to support, and what Martel could have raised from his realm and supported during the campaign, believe the total Muslim force, counting the outlying raiding parties, which rejoined the main body before Tours, badly outnumbered the Franks.

Writing in 1999, Paul K. Davis estimates the Umayyad forces at 80, 000 and the Franks at about 30, 000, while noting that modern historians have estimated the strength of the Umayyad army at Tours at between 20 – 80, 000.

This strategy would have nullified every advantage Charles had at Tours:

* They would have not lost one warrior in the battles they fought before Tours.

( Though they lost relatively few men in overrunning Aquitaine, they suffered some casualties — losses that may have been pivotal at Tours.

Probably he and his own men did not realize the seriousness of the battle they had fought, as Matthew Bennett and his co-authors, in Fighting Techniques of the Medieval World ( 2005 ) says: " few battles are remembered 1, 000 years after they are fought [...] but the Battle of Tours is an exception [...] Charles Martel turned back a Muslim raid that had it been allowed to continue, might have conquered Gaul.

Prior to Tours, stirrups may have been unknown in the west.

Another great mid era historian, Thomas Arnold, ranked the victory of Charles Martel even higher than the victory of Arminius in its impact on all of modern history: " Charles Martel's victory at Tours was among those signal deliverances which have affected for centuries the happiness of mankind.

According to Bernard Lewis, " The Arab historians, if they mention this engagement Battle of Tours at all, present it as a minor skirmish ," and Gustave von Grunebaum writes: " This setback may have been important from the European point of view, but for Muslims at the time, who saw no master plan imperilled thereby, it had no further significance.

Historian Norman Cantor who specialized in the medieval period, teaching and writing at Columbia and New York University, says in 1993: " It may be true that the Arabs had now fully extended their resources and they would not have conquered France, but their defeat ( at Tours ) in 732 put a stop to their advance to the north.

Military Historian Paul Davis argued in 1999, " had the Muslims been victorious at Tours, it is difficult to suppose what population in Europe could have organized to resist them.

He is known to have had a wife, who is recorded as having sought spiritual counsel from St. Martin of Tours during his time at Trier.

At Tours, Gregory could not have been better placed to hear everything and meet everyone of influence in Merovingian culture.

Tours kept its historic suffragans of Le Mans, Angers ( a hostile bishop of Angers appears to have been present at the episcopal consecration of St. Martin ) together with Nantes and a newly constituted diocese of Laval.

Tours of the most famous graves are available, but due to vandalism and souvenir hunters visitors are no longer allowed to explore unaccompanied, unless they have a personal connection with the cemetery and thus hold a pass.

Current archeological excavations in the Ville des Tours, a medieval suburb of Aix, have unearthed the remains of a roman amphitheatre.

It is believed to have been written near Tours after he had already travelled, though there is no indication that he had travelled past Southern Italy and Sicily at the time of writing.

The name St. Martin is believed to have been given to the church by the monks of the Bec Abbey, after Martin of Tours, a saint in Normandy.

Guillaume de Rochefort, Lord Chancellor of France, who repeated the rumour in the Estates-General in Tours in January 1484, adding that Richard III had " massacred " the princes and then been given the crown " by the will of the people ", may have obtained his information from Mancini's report.

Gregory of Tours in his Libri Historiarum VII, 33, states that in 585 the Merovingian king Guntram designated his nephew Childebert II his heir by handing him his lance, it is possible that a royal lance was a symbol of kingship among the Merovingian kings and that a nail from Calvary was in the 7th century incorporated into this royal lance and thus eventually would have come into the German imperial regalia.

Pennywise ( band ) | Pennywise have performed on 8 of the 16 Warped Tours.

Tours of the Tuff Shed where Grandpa is still frozen were suspended after 2005, after Grandpa's family " became frustrated with Frozen Dead Guy Days ", but they resumed with the 2010 celebration.

Leaving aside the tales regarding miracles, in the Vita Sancti Niniani Ailred includes the following incidental information regarding Saint Ninian: that his father was a Christian king ; that he was consecrated a bishop in Rome and that he met Saint Martin in Tours ; that Saint Martin sent masons with him on his homeward journey, at his request ; that these masons built a church of stone, situated on the shore, and on learning of Saint Martin's death, Ninian dedicated the church to him ; that a certain rich and powerful " King Tuduvallus " was converted by him ; that he died after having converted the Picts and returned home, being buried in a stone sarcophagus near the altar of his church ; and that he had once travelled with a holy person named " Plebia ".

Hildebrand, now Pope Gregory VII, tried yet to save him ; he summoned him once more to Rome ( 1078 ), and undertook to silence his enemies by getting him to assent to a vague formula, something like the one which he had signed at Tours.

Gibbon makes the point that he did not move at once against Charles Martel, was surprised by him at Tours as Charles had marched over the mountains avoiding the roads to surprise the Muslim invaders, and thus the wily Charles selected the time and place they would collide:

Gregory of Tours only names him once as the father of Childeric I while putting doubt on his descent from Chlodio.

They once again performed on the Warped Tour, and would play select dates on subsequent Warped Tours over the next 3 years.

Other landmarks historically associated with Ardmore include the Autocar Manufacturing Company, an important manufacturer of trucks and jeeps during the world wars, once located on Lancaster Pike on the site of the current Ardmore West Shopping Center, which burned down in a famous conflagration in 1956 ; the Ardmore Theater on Lancaster Pike, now the Philadelphia Sports Club ; Harrison's Department Store, on the north side of Lancaster Pike across from the theater ; Mads Record Shop, rock music mecca since the genre's inception, still going strong ; the Merion Art Center ; the Pennywise Thrift Shop of Jefferson Medical College ; Lyons Hardware Store on Rittenhouse Place ; Rittenhouse Electric, also on Rittenhouse Place ; A. Talone Cleaners at Lancaster and Greenfield ; and luxury travel company SWAIN Tours.

The dispute was settled once more when the pope stepped in and ratified Geoffrey's election, thus enabling a reconciliation between the king and the archbishop at Tours in June.

Tours of the mansion are held twice a year: once in the spring and again in the fall for groups of 25.

Players such as Ernie Els and Retief Goosen have taken advantage of this to play the PGA and European Tours concurrently and even Tiger Woods, who has sometimes played nine of the necessary eleven events, once suggested that he might enter the extra four required so that he could win the European Order of Merit, although he has yet to do so.

Tours through the old Hensley Settlement, trips into Gap Cave, also known as Cudjo's Cave, ( once used for shelter by traveling Indians and settlers ), living history events, campfire programs and demonstrations of the settlers ' lifestyle provide a glimpse of life in the past, Appalachian music festivals and concerts provide another view of the life in this area.

Finally Metz once finished 18th of Ligue 2 and relegated to National, third tier of French football after 1-1 draw with FC Tours at home match in 20 May 2012.

In 2002 Piil won Paris – Tours and Danmark Rundt, and once again tried his luck at winning a stage in the 2002 Tour de France.

Then the king came to the Haye in Touraine and his men had passed the river of Loire, some at the bridge of Orléans and some at Meung, at Saumur, at Blois, and at Tours and whereas they might: they were in number a twenty thousand men of arms beside other ; there were a twenty-six dukes and earls ( Counts ) and more than sixscore banners, and the four sons of the king, who were but young, the duke Charles of Normandy, the lord Louis, that was from thenceforth duke of Anjou, and the lord John duke of Berry, and the lord Philip, who was after duke of Burgoyne ".

Decisions of Catholic Church councils — in particular, those of the Council of Tours ( 1163 ) and of the Third Council of the Lateran ( 1179 )— had scarcely more effect upon the Cathars.

William Daly, in order more directly to assess Clovis ' allegedly barbaric and pagan origins, was obliged to ignore the bishop Saint Gregory of Tours and base his account on the scant earlier sources, a sixth-century " vita " of Saint Genevieve and letters to or concerning Clovis from bishops and Theodoric.

* Louis XIV of France abolishes the Livre Parisis ( Paris Pound ) in favor of the much more widely used Livre Tournois ( Tours Pound ).

Later he paid more attention to the Bible and early Christian writers, especially Gregory of Tours and Augustine of Hippo ; and thus he came to formal theology.

However, Creasy has claimed: " The enduring importance of the battle of Tours in the eyes of the Moslems is attested not only by the expressions of ' the deadly battle ' and ' the disgraceful overthrow ' which their writers constantly employ when referring to it, but also by the fact that no more serious attempts at conquest beyond the Pyrenees were made by the Saracens.

Books I to IV recount the world's history from the Creation but move quickly to the Christianization of Gaul, the life and times of Saint Martin of Tours, the conversion of the Franks and the conquest of Gaul under Clovis, and the more detailed history of the Frankish kings down to the death of Sigebert in 575.

What is more, Martel cemented his place in history with his defense of Christian Europe against a Muslim army at the Battle of Tours in 732.

Tours since 2002 has become the ecclesiastical metropolis of the Centre administrative region, i. e. including the dioceses of Bourges, which has lost its metropolitical function to Clermont Ferrand, Orleans, Chartres and Blois, which depended historically on Sens ( Lugdunensis Quarta ) and more recently on Paris ( and briefly Bourges ).

It is possible that one purpose of the Villa was as an art gallery, as inventories show more than 167 paintings hanging in situ at Chiswick House in Lord Burlington's lifetime, many purchased on his two Grand Tours of Europe.

The following year, mobs carried out iconoclasm in more than 20 cities and towns ; Catholic urban groups attacked Protestants in bloody reprisals in Sens, Cahors, Carcassonne, Tours and other cities.

Tours with artists such as Fugazi confused and alienated audience members while articulating a punk rock position of defiance that was more sensitive than macho.

More than 130 more distant sources have been identified for the tales related of the saints in the Golden Legend, few of which have a nucleus in the New Testament itself ; these hagiographic sources include apocryphal texts such as the Gospel of Nicodemus, and the histories of Gregory of Tours and John Cassian.

With the Bolshevik victory in Russia the party was changing ; at the Congress of Tours in December 1920, the Socialists split into two ideological components: the French Communist Party ( SFIC later PCF ), inspired by Moscow, and the more moderate French Section of the Workers ' International ( SFIO ).

Individual time trials are often used as stages in stage races such as the Grand Tours ; these vary from short prologue time trials over no more than eight kilometres, to longer distance events over flat or rolling courses, to timed climbs up mountain roads.

There is a coach storage car park to the rear of the railway station, formerly occupied by Tours ( Isle Of Man ) Limited though more often used by visiting coaches in recent times.

The ProTour was replaced as a ranking system the following year by the UCI World Ranking, which added the three Grand Tours, two early season stage races, and five more one-day classics to the 14 remaining ProTour events.

Although Gregory of Tours states the reasons for this was that Sigebert disdained the prevalent practice of " taking wives who were completely unworthy of them ", and sought the beautiful and cultured Brunhilda, while Chilperic married her sister out of sibling rivalry, Ian Wood points out that the circumstances and the scale of the morgengab suggest that the situation was more complex.

2008 also saw several more US Tours, including a full us tour documented in a tour journal on the music website superstarcastic. com.

Describing the first reason, he “ portrays himself in the guise of a wandering minstrel, his journey just one in a series of adventures .” The second reason is more religious, explaining in his Vita S. Martini that he took this route to worship at the shrine of St Martin in Tours, visiting other shrines as he went.

The calendar is filled with English saint days rather than those more popular in Jerusalem, and one name, St. Martin of Tours, a saint popular throughout Europe, is written in gold, for unknown reasons.

About thirty lives of the saints, both native ones like Beuno, Curig, and Gwenfrewi and the more general such as the Mary, the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, Martin of Tours, and Catherine of Alexandria survive, all translations into Welsh from Latin.