While on route to exile in Obdorsk, Siberia, in January 1907, Trotsky escaped at Berezov and once again made his way to London, where he attended the 5th Congress of the RSDLP.

In 1907, Trotsky while on his way to exile in Obdorsk escaped from Berezov on February 12 / 13.

Bolshevik revolutionary leader Leon Trotsky commonly used the terms " Bolshevism " and " Bolshevist " after his exile from the Soviet Union to differentiate between what he saw as true Leninism and the state and party as they existed under Joseph Stalin's leadership.

During the 10th Party Congress ( March 1921 ) Lenin condemned the Workers Opposition, a faction within the Communist Party, for deviating from communism and accused Trotsky of factionalism.

At the 14th Party Congress ( 18 – 31 December 1925 ) Kamenev and Zinoviev were forced into the same position that Trotsky had been forced into previously ; they proclaimed that the center was usurping power from the regional branches, and that Stalin was a danger to inner-party democracy.

In April 1926 Zinoviev was removed from the Politburo and in December, Trotsky lost his membership too.

Radek was part of the Left Opposition from 1923, writing his famed article ' Leon Trotsky: Organizer of Victory ' shortly after Lenin's stroke in January of that year.

On 10 July 1929, Radek alongside other oppositionists Ivar Smilga and Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, signed a document capitulating to Stalin., with Radek being held in particular disdain by oppositionist circles for his betrayal of Yakov Blumkin, who had been carrying a secret letter from Trotsky, in exile in Turkey, to Radek.

After leading a failed struggle of the Left Opposition against the policies and rise of Joseph Stalin in the 1920s and the increasing role of bureaucracy in the Soviet Union, Trotsky was successively removed from power ( 1927 ), expelled from the Communist Party, and finally deported from the Soviet Union ( 1929 ).

Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein () on 7 November 1879, in Yanovka () or Yanivka (), in the Kherson guberniya of the Russian Empire ( today's Bereslavka (; ) in the Bobrynets Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine ), a small village from the nearest post office.

Two months into his imprisonment, the first Congress of the newly formed Russian Social Democratic Labor Party ( RSDLP ) was held, and from then on Trotsky considered himself a member of the party.

In late 1902, Trotsky met Natalia Ivanovna Sedova, who soon became his companion and, from 1903 until his death, his wife.

On 31 March Trotsky was deported from France to Spain for his anti-war activities.

Trotsky led the Soviet delegation during the peace negotiations in Brest-Litovsk from 22 December 1917 to 10 February 1918.

Since Trotsky was so closely associated with the policy previously followed by the Soviet delegation at Brest-Litovsk, he resigned from his position as Commissar for Foreign Affairs in order to remove a potential obstacle to the new policy.

After Lenin ’ s death ( 21 January 1924 ), Trotsky ideologically battled the influence of Stalin, who formed ruling blocs within the Russian Communist Party ( with Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, then with Nikolai Bukharin, and then by himself ) and so determined soviet government policy from 1924 onwards.

Conversely, Trotsky held that socialism in one country would economically constrain the industrial development of the USSR, and thus required assistance from the new socialist countries that had arisen in the developed world, which was essential for maintaining Soviet democracy, in 1924 much undermined by civil war and counter-revolution.

Until exiled from Russia in 1929, Leon Trotsky helped develop and led the Left Opposition ( and the later Joint Opposition ) with members of the Workers ’ Opposition, the Decembrists, and ( later ) the Zinovievists.

Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev believed that the real threat to the party came from Trotsky, head of the Red Army, due to his association with the army and his powerful personality.

The 1927 Party Conference gave official endorsement to the policy of Socialism in One Country, while Trotsky along with Kamenev and Zinoviev ( both now allied with Trotsky against Stalin ) were expelled from the Party's Politburo.

Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929.

* 1927 – Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in undisputed control of the Soviet Union.

Leon Trotsky, the main proponent of the world revolution, was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929, and Stalin's idea of Socialism in One Country became the primary line.

In Siberia, Trotsky became aware of the differences within the party, which had been decimated by arrests in 1898 and 1899.

Leon Trotsky in exile in Siberia 1900

The Bolshevik Defence Commissar Leon Trotsky gave Tukhachevsky command of the 5th Army in 1919, and he led the campaign to capture Siberia from the anti-communist White forces of Aleksandr Kolchak.

After a brief lull in the summer of 1924, Trotsky published The Lessons of October, an extensive summary of the events of 1917.

" The trio — Communist Labor Party founder James P. Cannon, Labor Defender editor Max Shachtman, and Romanian-born former head of the Young Workers League Martin Abern — had been won over to the ideas of Leon Trotsky when Cannon had been exposed to a translation of Trotsky's manuscript " The Draft Program of the Communist International: A Criticism of Fundamentals " while a delegate to the Sixth World Congress of the Comintern in Moscow that summer.

In the summer of 1920, Enver sent Seeckt a letter from Moscow asking for German arms deliveries to the Soviet Union in exchange for which Trotsky promised to partition Poland with the Reich.

In 1902 Vladimir Lenin and his wife lived just off Pentonville Rd, and it was at this time that he first met his fellow exile Leon Trotsky.

During the 1930s and 1940s Joseph Stalin's NKVD carried out numerous assassinations outside of the Soviet Union, such as the killings of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists leader Yevhen Konovalets, Ignace Poretsky, Fourth International secretary Rudolf Klement, Leon Trotsky, and the Workers ' Party of Marxist Unification ( POUM ) leadership in Catalonia.

The novel alludes to Ivan's own dogs as well as to Borzoi dogs owned by Leon Trotsky and his assassin, Ramón Mercader.

Several of the most prominent revolutionaries, including Leon Trotsky, were of Jewish descent.

Leon Trotsky at first supported the Mensheviks, but left them in September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

The Bolsheviks played a relatively minor role in the 1905 Revolution, and were a minority in the St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers ' Deputies led by Trotsky.

During his trip in Russia, Chiang met Leon Trotsky and other Soviet leaders, but quickly came to the conclusion that the Russian model of government was not suitable for China.

Leon Trotsky criticised this view, stating " our rules represent ' organisational nonconfidence ' of the party toward its parts, that is, supervision over all local, district, national and other organisations ... the organisation of the party takes place of the party itself ; the Central Committee takes the place of the organisation ; and finally the dictator takes the place of the Central Committee.

For example, the Central Committee voted for or against signing a peace treaty with the Germans between 1917 and 1918 during World War I ; the majority voted in favour of peace when Trotsky backed down in 1918.

During the heated debates in the Central Committee about a possible peace with the Germans, Lenin did not have a majority ; both Trotsky and Nikolai Bukharin had more support for their own position than Lenin.

Only when Lenin sought a coalition with Trotsky and others, were negotiations with the Germans voted through with a simple majority.

" The decision to negotiate peace with the Germans was only reached when Lenin threatened to resign, which in turn led to a temporary coalition between Lenin's supporters and those of Trotsky and others.

Trotsky was one of the main contenders for leadership following Lenin's death.

Following Lenin's forced departure due to ill health, a power struggle began, which involved Nikolai Bukharin, Lev Kamenev, Alexei Rykov, Joseph Stalin, Mikhail Tomsky, Leon Trotsky and Grigory Zinoviev.

Of these, Trotsky was the most notable one.

" Trotsky did face a problem however: he had previously disagreed with Lenin on several matters.

Democracy became an important topic following Lenin's health leave ; Trotsky and Zinoviev were its main backers, but Zinoviev later changed his position when he aligned himself with Stalin.

Trotsky and Rykov tried to reorganise the party in early 1923, by debureaucratising it, however, in this they failed, and Stalin managed to enlarge the Central Committee.

On this issue, Trotsky said, " as this regime becomes consolidated all affairs are concentrated in the hands of a small group, sometimes only of a secretary who appoints, removes, gives the instructions, inflicts the penalties, etc.

It was the power of the center which disturbed Trotsky and his followers.

Trotsky accused the delegates of the 12th Party Congress ( 17 – 25 April 1923 ) of being indirectly elected by the center, citing that 55. 1 % of the voting delegates at the congress were full-time members, at the previous congress only 24. 8 % of the voting-delegates were full-members.