Some Ukrainian authors claim that Malevich's Suprematism is rooted in the traditional Ukrainian culture.

After the Treaty of Pereyaslav, Ukrainian high culture was sent into a long period of steady decline.

However, in the Russian Empire expressions of Ukrainian culture and especially language were repeatedly persecuted, for fear that a self-aware Ukrainian nation would threaten the unity of the Empire.

For much of the 19th century the Austrian authorities demonstrated some preference for Polish culture, but the Ukrainians were relatively free to partake in their own cultural pursuits in Halychyna and Bukovyna, where Ukrainian was widely used in education and in official documents.

The famine was also accompanied by a large campaign to suppress Ukrainian culture.

First, there were the Russophiles, who saw Ruthenians as part of the Russian nation ; second, there were the Ukrainophiles who, like their Galician counterparts across the Carpathian mountains, considered Ruthenians part of the Ukrainian nation ; and, lastly, there were Ruthenophiles, who said that Carpatho-Ruthenians were a separate nation, and who wanted to develop a native Rusyn language and culture.

* Odessa-a harbor city on the Black Sea with a mixture of different cultures, including Jewish, Armenian, German, Russian and Greek cultures along with the native Ukrainian culture.

* Ukrainian culture

* Something relating to Ukrainian culture

* Ukrainophile-someone who is fond of Ukrainian culture

Located in Central Europe, its character developed as a result of its geography at the confluence of fellow Central European cultures ( German, Western Ukrainian, Czech and Austrian ) the Western European cultures ( French and Dutch ), Southern European cultures ( Italian and Turkish ), Northern European cultures ( Lithuanian, Swedish and Danish ) and Eastern European cultures ( East Ukrainian and Russian ) along with cultural influence of the Jewish culture.

* Yuriy Tarnawsky ( class of 1956 ), professor of Ukrainian literature and culture at Columbia University.

Several churches, including St. George's Catholic Church ; Ukrainian restaurants and butcher shops ; The Ukrainian Museum ; the Shevchenko Scientific Society ; and the Ukrainian Cultural Center are evidence of the impact of this culture on the area.

In the third category we have a number of prominent individuals who are often not part of the mainstream Ukrainian culture but who have made a significant impact on music in Ukraine, while living outside of its borders.

A Soviet study in the 1970s and 1980s proved that, for Ukrainians, the language wasn't as important to Ukrainian identity, as the geographical boundaries of the Ukrainian SSR and its material culture.

Category: Ukrainian culture

There, he was co-editor of the Russian language magazine " Ukrayinskaya Zhizn " ( Ukrainian Life ) to familiarize the local population with news and culture of what was known as Malorossia.

During his time as leader of the Directorate, Petliura was active in supporting Ukrainian culture both in Ukraine and abroad.

* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )

The term " balabaika " was widely used in Ukrainian language documents from 1717 to 1732.

In the 19th Century, the Tsarist Government of Russia claimed that Ukrainian was merely a dialect of Russian and not a language in its own right.

Rusyn is considered to be either a separate language or a dialect of Ukrainian.

The Ruthenian language, corresponding to today's Belarusian and Ukrainian, was then called Russian, and was used as one of the chancellery languages by Lithuanian monarchs.

The language spoken at home was a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian.

Although Trotsky stated in his autobiography My Life that he was never perfectly fluent in any language but Russian and Ukrainian, Raymond Molinier wrote that Trotsky spoke fluent French.

It is also the second most widely spoken Slavic language, after Russian and ahead of Ukrainian.

The language of the coextensive East Slavic people, the Lemkos, which demonstrates significant lexical and grammatical commonality with the Góralski dialect and Ukrainian, bears no significant Vlach or other Romanian influences.

According to the Ukrainian constitution, Ukrainian is the only official state language.

* Ukrainian language language, identified in List of ISO 639-1 codes as " uk "

His father, a descendent of Ukrainian Cossacks, had been a professor of political economy in Kiev before moving to Saint Petersburg, and his mother was a noblewoman of Russian ethnicity ( Vernadsky considered himself both Russian and Ukrainian, and had some knowledge of the Ukrainian language.

Anton Gretzky has been described as having " been born in Russia with Ukrainian forebears ", while " the only Slavic language spoken in the Gretzky family Ukrainian ".

It is considered to be the first literary work written in a language close to modern Ukrainian.

This period of political breakdown and reorganization also saw the rise of written local vernaculars in place of the literary and liturgical Church Slavonic language, a further stage in the evolving differentiation between the Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian languages.

Despite the legal usage of the Old Ruthenian language ( the predecessor of both modern Belarusian and Ukrainian languages ) which was used as a chancellery language in the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the literature was mostly non-existent, outside of several chronicles.

Most Polish literature has been written in the Polish language, though other languages, used in Poland over the centuries, have also contributed to Polish literary traditions, including Yiddish, Lithuanian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, German and Esperanto.

The Ukrainian language traces its origins to the Old East Slavic of the early medieval state of Kievan Rus '.

Ukrainian is a lineal descendant of the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus ' ( 10th – 13th century ).

The Ukrainian National Republic adopted official Ukrainian orthographies in 1918 and 1919, and Ukrainian publication increased, and then flourished under Skoropadsky's Hetmanate.

In Ukrainian, however, sometime around the early thirteenth century, this sound lenited to the voiced velar fricative ( except in the cluster * zg ), and around the sixteenth century debuccalized to the voiced glottal fricative ( like the pronunciation of ‹ h › in " behind ").

According to the school rules developed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, such as Meletius Smotrytsky's grammar book, it was intended for use in words loaned from Greek — but it was occasionally used for writing native words, for example Ukrainian ѱы ( psy, “ dogs ”).

Uzhevych ’ s work, which seems to be influenced by the Polish grammar Polonicae grammatices institutio ( 1568 ) by Piotr Stojeński ( Petrus Statorius ) and by Meletius Smotrytsky ’ s Church Slavonic grammar Gramatiki slavenskija pravilnoje syntagma ( 1619 ), is the only grammar known of the Ruthenian language of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the predecessor of modern Ukrainian and Belarusian, which the author calls lingua popularis, “ vulgar tongue ”.