Under Yakov Segal's direction, it begins stirringly, as crouching Soviet and Nazi troops silently scan each other, waiting for the first surrender gesture.

Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy.

Under Soviet rule, both the villages were forced to disband and residents were moved to the Russian dominated Zaporozhye rural settlement in Ust-Bolsheretsky Raion.

Under Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Union was able to depose Karmal and replace him with Mohammad Najibullah.

Under Khrushchev the local party leadership in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( Russian SFSR ) witnessed the largest turnover in provincial leaders since the Great Purge ; two out of three provincial leaders were replaced in 1953 alone.

Under this provision, cooperative restaurants, shops, and manufacturers became part of the Soviet scene.

Under this policy, Albania would develop its agricultural output in order to supply the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact nations while these nations would be developing specific resource outputs of their own, which would in theory strengthen the Warsaw Pact by greatly reducing the lack of certain resources that many of the nations faced.

Under this pact, Finland was obliged to resist armed attacks by " Germany or its allies " against Finland, or against the Soviet Union through Finland, and, if necessary, ask for Soviet military aid to do so.

Under his leadership, the German government sought to reduce tensions with the Soviet Union and improve relations with the German Democratic Republic, a policy known as the Ostpolitik.

* 1940 – The United States ' Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U. S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Under these circumstances, during much of the Siege of Leningrad ( 1941 – 1944 ), Lake Ladoga provided the only access to the besieged city because a section of the eastern shore remained in Soviet hands.

Under Nikolai Yezhov, the NKVD carried out the Great Purge: the imprisonment or execution of millions of people throughout the Soviet Union as alleged " enemies of the people ".

Under his editorship, Tribune opposed both the British government's Suez adventure and the Soviet crushing of the Hungarian Revolution in 1956.

Under US President Jimmy Carter, the West joined the Soviet Union and others in enacting sanctions against weapons trade and weapons-grade material to South Africa.

Under this provision, cooperative restaurants, shops, and manufacturers became part of the Soviet scene.

Under the terms of the Joint Venture Law, the Soviet partner supplied labor, infrastructure, and a potentially large domestic market.

Under Stalin's administration and the leadership of such commanders as Georgy Zhukov and Konstantin Rokossovsky, Soviet forces drove through Eastern Europe in 1944 – 45 and captured Berlin in May 1945.

Under the treaty, Russia became known as the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ).

Under Deng Xiaoping, the leadership of China embarked upon a programme of market-based reform that was more sweeping than had been Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika program of the late 1980s.

Under the constitution adopted in 1936 and modified along the way until October 1977, the political foundation of the Soviet Union was formed by the Soviets ( Councils ) of People's Deputies.

Under Mikhail Gorbachev, glasnost and perestroika were intended to revive the Soviet Union.

Under the Monnet Plan France attempted to gain economic control of the German industrial areas with large coal and mineral deposits that were not in Soviet hands: the Ruhr area and the Saar area.

Under orders from the Joint Chiefs of Staff, SAC was told its primary objective was bombing targets in order to damage or destroy Soviet ability to deliver nuclear weapons, its secondary objective was stopping Soviet advances into Western Europe, and its tertiary objective was the same as before, destroying Soviet industrial capacity.

Under Jakob's guidance the department grew rapidly.

Under his guidance, the battered Tonnant gradually drifted southwards away from the action to join the southern division under Villeneuve.

Under the guidance of Miltiades, the Athenian general with the greatest experience of fighting the Persians, the Athenian army marched quickly to block the two exits from the plain of Marathon, and prevent the Persians moving inland.

Under Mason's guidance, Compaq utilized its assets more efficiently instead of focusing just on income and profits, which increased Compaq's cash from $ 700 million to nearly $ 5 billion in one year.

Under Davros ' guidance, the Daleks steal 27 planets, including Earth, and hide them in the Medusa Cascade, one second out of sync with the rest of the universe.

Under the guidance of economist John Kenneth Galbraith, IIT Kanpur was the first institute in India to offer Computer Science education.

Under the guidance of two village priests, Millet acquired a knowledge of Latin and modern authors, before being sent to Cherbourg in 1833 to study with a portrait painter named Paul Dumouchel.

Under Abel's guidance, the prevailing obscurities of analysis began to be cleared, new fields were entered upon and the study of functions so advanced as to provide mathematicians with numerous ramifications along which progress could be made.

Under the guidance of José María Goitía, the printing press was utilized to create a newspaper called La Miscelánea.

Under the guidance of psychologist William McDougall, and with the help of others in the department — including psychologists Karl Zener, Joseph B. Rhine, and Louisa E. Rhine — laboratory ESP experiments using volunteer subjects from the undergraduate student body began.

Under his guidance, Paris became the first city of teachers the medieval world had known.

Under Diaghilev's guidance, Prokofiev chose his subject from a collection of folktales by the ethnographer Alexander Afanasyev ; the story, concerning a buffoon and a series of confidence tricks, had been previously suggested to Diaghilev by Igor Stravinsky as a possible subject for a ballet, and Diaghilev and his choreographer Léonide Massine helped Prokofiev to shape this into a ballet scenario.

Under the guidance of their mentor and manager Simon Fuller, the group embraced merchandising and became a regular feature of the British and global press.

Under his guidance Alma-Tadema painted his first major work: The Education of the children of Clovis ( 1861 ).

Under the guidance of his uncle he attended a nationalistic high school in Baghdad.

Under the guidance of Lugh Aengus later tricked his father out of his home at the Brú na Bóinne ( Newgrange ).

Under his guidance, the Athenians began the building of a new port at Piraeus, to replace the existing facilities at Phalerum.

Under the guidance of Pericles, the Delian league gradually evolved into the Athenian Empire, the zenith of Athenian power and influence.

* September 2 – Under the guidance of Dr Humphry Osmond, Christopher Mayhew ingests 400 mg of mescaline hydrochloride and allows himself to be filmed as part of a Panorama special for BBC TV that was never broadcast.

Under Durant's guidance the company was charging Union Pacific often twice or more the customary cost for track work ( thus in effect paying himself to build the railroad ).

Under Paley's guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States and then one of the big three American broadcast television networks.

Under Cameron's guidance the Tramways Board was to bring these under a single control, extend the electric lines, and convert the existing cable-system to electric traction.

Under the guidance of Gluck, she excelled to some extent in her musical endeavors.

Under the guidance of the therapist, defense mechanisms are bypassed by the use of signifiers and semiotic processes.

Under the guidance of Walpole, Parliament attempted to deal with the financial crisis brought on by the South Sea Bubble.