Under equilibrium conditions of cutting the chip exerts a thrust Af against the knife which tends to push it into the substrate or lift it away from the substrate depending on the vector direction of Af.

Under the capable direction of the choir's founder, Geroge Bragg, the twenty-six boys made some lovely sounds in an opening group of Renaissance and Baroque madrigals and motets, excerpts from Pergolesi's `` Stabat Mater '' and all of the Britten `` Ceremonial Of Carols ''.

Under Yakov Segal's direction, it begins stirringly, as crouching Soviet and Nazi troops silently scan each other, waiting for the first surrender gesture.

Under the doctrine of continuing revelation, Latter-day Saints believe that Jesus Christ, under the direction of Heavenly Father, leads the church by revealing His will to its president, whom adherents regard as a modern-day " prophet, seer, and revelator ".

Under Section 2 ( b ) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971, civil contempt has been defined as wilful disobedience to any judgment, decree, direction, order, writ or other process of a court or wilful breach of an undertaking given to a court.

Under Burchinal's direction, Nicoli Schwiep designed both the album cover and insert layout.

Under the direction of Nebuchadnezzar II, Babylonian armies exiled three thousand Jews from Judah, deposing King Jehoiachin in 597 BCE.

Under the direction of the Cinematographer or Director of Photography, the DIT will make adjustments to the multitude of variables available in most professional digital cameras to creatively or technically manipulate the resulting image.

Under the new commercial direction and with the Mort's capital injection, the company diversified into books and miniature figures.

Under the new structure, the local offices would contribute a percentage of their income to the international organization, which would take responsibility for setting the overall direction of the movement with each regional office having one vote.

Under his direction, the theater produced plays about a class of people who were not considered appropriate subjects in other venues: prostitutes, criminals, street urchins, and others at the lower end of Paris's social echelon.

Under Hillman's direction, the group recorded a further two LPs.

Under the direction of the German Archaeological Institute, excavations at Hattusa have been underway since 1907, with interruptions during both wars.

Under his direction, a new and much lighter ship was developed, the caravel, which could sail further and faster.

Under Carleton's direction, Carson instituted a scorched earth policy, which coerced the Navajo to surrender.

Under the protectorate, French civil servants allied themselves with the French settlers ( colons ) and with their supporters in France to prevent any moves in the direction of Moroccan autonomy.

Under Stalin's direction in 1922, the party created departments of the Central Committee and other organs at lower levels that were responsible for the registration and appointment of party officials.

Under Lipscomb's direction the Extended Huckel method was developed by Lawrence Lohr and by Roald Hoffmann.

Under the direction of Star Trek producer David Rossi and long-time Star Trek technical consultant Mike Okuda, the visual and special effects were recreated to give Star Trek: The Original Series a more authentic feel and modern look.

Under Shoghi Effendi's direction, National Spiritual Assemblies were formed, and many thousands of Local Spiritual Assemblies sprang up as the Bahá ' í Faith spread around the globe.

Under Speer's direction a threefold increase in armament production occurred and did not reach its peak until late 1944.

Under the direction of Gilbert Ryle, Adorno worked on a dialectical critique of Husserl's epistemology.

Under the direction of Dr. Hieu C. Truong, the RCM engineering division designed the two dollar coin to be made from two different metals.

Under the direction of Captain Stephan von Gröning, head of the Abwehr in Paris, he was trained in explosives, radio communications, parachute jumping and other subjects in France at La Bretonnière, near Nantes and dispatched to England to commit acts of sabotage.

Under the mentorship of the pioneering anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan he turned to scholarship, more particularly to archaeological and ethnological work among the Indians of the southwestern United States, Mexico and South America.

Under the Constitution of the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister's role has evolved, based often on the individual's personal appeal and strength of character, as contrasted between, for example, Winston Churchill as against Clement Attlee, Margaret Thatcher as against John Major.

The Queen told Margaret, " Under the circumstances, it isn't unreasonable for me to ask you to wait a year.

Under canon law, Margaret was not bound by the marriage contract anyway as she was entered into the marriage before reaching the age of twelve.

Under Fisher's guidance, his patroness Lady Margaret founded St John's and Christ's Colleges at Cambridge, and a Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity at each of the two universities at Oxford and Cambridge, Fisher himself becoming the first occupant of the Cambridge chair.

* " Under the Bamboo Tree ," Words and music by Robert Cole and The Johnson Bros., 1902, performed by Judy Garland and Margaret O ' Brien.

Under Queen Elizabeth ( reigned 1558 – 1603 ), besides continuing in his post as financial agent of the crown, Gresham acted temporarily as ambassador at the court of Margaret of Parma, receiving a knighthood in 1559 prior to his departure.

Under Margaret Thatcher, United Kingdom's economy was maintaining stable growth by preventing to lower the interest rate by the Bank of England.

Under the direction of Michael Boyd the play was presented at the Swan Theatre in Stratford in 2000, with David Oyelowo as Henry, Fiona Bell as Margaret, Clive Wood as York, and Richard Cordery as Gloucester.

Under the direction of Michael Boyd, the play was presented at the Swan Theatre in Stratford in 2000, with David Oyelowo as Henry, Fiona Bell as Margaret, Tom Beard as Edward and Aidan McArdle as Richard.

In February 2012, he implied that the UK under the Premiership of Margaret Thatcher was a more fertile ground for dissent in the arts: " Under Thatcher, who ruled us with an iron rod, great art was made.

Under the editorship of McIlwraith, beginning in April 1940, Weirds later years were distinguished by an influx of newer writers, including such major figures as Ray Bradbury, Manly Wade Wellman, Fritz Leiber, Henry Kuttner, C. L. Moore, Theodore Sturgeon, Joseph Payne Brennan, Jack Snow and Margaret St. Clair, a somewhat more eclectic range.

Under Tony Blair's leadership, Margaret Beckett was the Shadow Secretary of State for Health, and then from 1995 the shadow President of the Board of Trade.

Under Margaret Thatcher he was Secretary of State for Employment from May 1979 to 14 September 1981.

On his election he became a member of the Agriculture Select Committee until he was promoted to the government of Margaret Thatcher in 1989 as the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and was promoted within the same department to Minister of State after the 1992 general election by John Major, a year later he moved sideways to the Department for the Environment where he remained until the Major government fell at the 1997 general election.

He entered the government of Margaret Thatcher when she appointed him as the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department of Trade and Industry in 1988, as minister for consumer affairs.

After nine years on the backbenches, Bottomley became a member of Margaret Thatcher's government when he was appointed as the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the then Department for Employment in 1984, moving sideways at the Department of Transport in 1986 to become the Minister of Roads and Traffic.

Chope was appointed as the Parliamentary Private Secretary to Peter Brooke, the Minister of State at the Treasury in 1986, before being promoted by Margaret Thatcher to serve in her government as the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for the Environment later in the same year, where he was responsible for steering through the poll tax, or " Community Charge ", legislation.

After the 1979 general election, he was appointed as Margaret Thatcher's first Minister for Sport, as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department of the Environment under Michael Heseltine.

Lord Ullswater was made a Lord-in-Waiting ( whip ) in January 1989 by Margaret Thatcher before becoming Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department of Employment in July 1990.

Margaret DeBardeleben Tutwiler ( born December 28, 1950 in Birmingham, Alabama ) is a former Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs at the US State Department, serving from December 16, 2003 to June 30, 2004.

Under his control, the company promoted Canadian literature and encouraged Canadian authors such as Margaret Atwood, Pierre Berton, Leonard Cohen, Farley Mowat and Mordecai Richler.

In the later stages of Prime Minister Edward Heath's government, St John-Stevas was Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department of Education and Science ( where Margaret Thatcher was the Secretary of State ), and the Minister for the Arts ( 1973 – 1974 ).

Under the privatization policy of Margaret Thatcher the National Enterprise Board was merged into the British Technology Group and had to sell its shares in Inmos.