Until 1965, the Coast Guard used U. S. Navy hull classification codes, prepending a " W " to their beginning.

Until the beginning of the 18th century, there appears to have been no national government or national leader.

Until the beginning of the 18th century, there appears to have been no national government or national leader in Niue.

Until the beginning of the British Mandate in Palestine ( 1922 – 1948 ), the population was predominantly Arab Christian ( majority Orthodox Christians ), with an Arab Muslim minority.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, time was believed to be independent of motion, progressing at a fixed rate in all reference frames ; however, later experiments revealed that time slows at higher speeds of the reference frame relative to another reference frame.

Until the beginning of the next round, only the television audience knows exactly who the strongest and weakest links are statistically due to Briggs ' narration.

Until 2012 the " S " mint mark was used only on proof coins, but beginning with the El Yunque ( Puerto Rico ) design in the America the Beautiful Quarters program, the U. S. Mint began selling ( at a premium ) uncirculated 40-coin rolls and 100-coin bags of quarters with the San Francisco mint mark.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, straw-twisting was also rather important.

Until the beginning of the twentieth century, the falles were tall boxes with three or four wax dolls dressed in fabric clothing.

Until the beginning of the Jet Age, piston engines were common on propliners like the Douglas DC-3.

Until the beginning of the 20th century it was the largest German speaking city in the world, and before the first world war and the splitting of the Austro-Hungarian Empire the city had 2 million inhabitants.

Until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the rails were made of wood, were a few inches wide and were fastened down, end to end, on logs of wood or " sleepers ", placed crosswise at intervals of two or three feet.

Until the beginning of the 18th century, no rotary winnowing fans existed in the West.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, the population stayed relatively stable at some 1, 500 persons.

Until 2010, it was held annually on the last teaching day of Trinity term to celebrate the end of lectures and the beginning of Trinity Week.

Until Ricky Gervais hosted the 67th annual Golden Globe Awards Ceremony in 2010, the award ceremony was one of two major Hollywood award ceremonies ( the other being the Screen Actors Guild Awards ) that did not have a regular host ; every year a different presenter introduced the ceremony at the beginning of the broadcast.

Until the beginning of the 1960s, tractors had a single register of gears, hence one gear stick, often with three to five forward gears and 1 reverse.

Until the beginning of the 20th century people generally did not care which administration Voeren came under.

Until 1888 the Thai New Year was the beginning of the year in Thailand ; thereafter 1 April was used until 1940.

Until the beginning of the 1970s, the club mainly played in local lower division leagues, except from a short visit in the Hovedserien in the 1957-58 season.

Until the beginning of the 20th century Acre belonged to Bolivia.

Until the economic downturn became worse in 2008, along with fuel prices beginning to soar, OAK was one of the nation's fastest growing airports for much of the decade.

Until the beginning January 2010, HKL was responsible for planning and organising all public transport in Helsinki.

Until the beginning of the century it had been of moderate intensity and mainly of a class nature ( under Venetian rule the Italians were employed in the most profitable activities, such as trade and administration ).

Until the late 19th century, the axiom of choice was often used implicitly, although it had not yet been formally stated.

Until the late 19th century the only available propellant was black powder.

Until the mid 19th century most boats were of all natural materials ; primarily wood although reed, bark and animal skins were also used.

Until the 19th century the majority of battles were of short duration, many lasting a part of a day.

Until the end of the 19th century, it seems to have been generally assumed that the general meeting ( of all shareholders ) was the supreme organ of the company, and the board of directors was merely an agent of the company subject to the control of the shareholders in general meeting.

Until the 19th century, the most common theory among scientists was still the concept of scala naturae, proposed by Aristotle.

Until 2009, when the new constitution came into force and created the Legislative Assembly, the legislature of the islands was the Legislative Council, which had existed since the 19th century.

Until the end of the 19th century, rubber was the main export.

Until the early 19th century Africans were captured, kidnapped, and forced into slavery to work on plantations when sugarcane became the most important export of the island.

Until the 19th century, cider was the largest agricultural export with up to a quarter of the agricultural land given over to orchards.

Until the 19th century, most libraries had closed stacks, so the library classification only served to organize the subject catalog.

Until the 19th century, large crystals of mica were quite rare and expensive as a result of the limited supply in Europe.

Until the middle of the 19th century, most physicists believed in an " ethereal " medium in which the light disturbance propagated.

Until the middle of the 19th century, only some isolated documents written on papyrus were known.

Until the late 19th or early 20th century, those who pursued science were called " natural philosophers " or " men of science ".

Until the 19th century, few doubted the truth of the postulate ; instead debate centered over whether it was necessary as an axiom, or whether it was a theory that could be derived from the other axioms.

Until the 19th century these silver dollar coins were actual Spanish dollars minted in the new world, mostly at Mexico City.

Until the 19th century, the authorship of the Gospel of John had universally been attributed to the Apostle John.

Until the 19th century, belief in unicorns was widespread among historians, alchemists, writers, poets, naturalists, physicians, and theologians.

Until the end of the 19th century, the only welding process was forge welding, which blacksmiths had used for centuries to join iron and steel by heating and hammering.

Until the 19th century all mahogany was regarded as one species, although varying in quality and character according to soil and climate.

Until the 19th century, the vast majority of butter was made by hand, on farms.

Until the 19th century it was used mainly for writing letters and keeping accounts, while the Devanāgarī script was used for literature and academic writings.

Until deep into the 19th century, the now Venezuelan islands of Aves, the Aves archipelago, Los Roques and La Orchila were also considered by the Dutch government to be part of the Dutch West Indies.

Until the late 19th century, roasting by dry heat in an oven was called baking.