The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol ( VRRP ) is a computer networking protocol that provides for automatic assignment of available Internet Protocol ( IP ) routers to participating hosts.

VRRP is based on Cisco's proprietary Hot Standby Router Protocol ( HSRP ) concepts.

Therefore, on newer installations VRRP is usually implemented, because it is the standard and is supported by many router and switch products.

** Configuring VRRP on Cisco IOS

** Configuring VRRP on 3com NETBuilder

Nonetheless, IETF continued work on VRRP ( Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol ).

* R-SMLT ( Routed Split Multilink Trunking )-An Avaya proprietary router redundancy and router load balancing protocol-replacement for VRRP in Avaya core networks

** Vyatta, a commercial open-source router / firewall with VRRP functionality.

* VRRP Virtual router Redundancy Protocol

The incompatible Cisco / IETF VRRP also uses IP protocol 112, having been assigned it by IANA.

Each VRRP instance is limited, in scope, to a single subnet.

VRRP can be used in Ethernet, MPLS and token ring networks with Internet Protocol Version 4 ( IPv4 ), as well as IPv6.

* Common Address Redundancy Protocol ( CARP )-A non-proprietary, patent-free, and unrestricted alternative to HSRP and VRRP.

It handles FTP, Telnet, SMTP, HTTP, POP, poppass, NNTP, IMAP, SNMP, LDAP, Rlogin, RIP, OSPF, PPTP MS-CHAP, NFS, VRRP, YP / NIS, SOCKS, X11, CVS, IRC, AIM, ICQ, Napster, PostgreSQL, Meeting Maker, Citrix ICA, Symantec pc Anywhere, NAI Sniffer, Microsoft SMB, Oracle SQL * Net, Sybase and Microsoft SQL protocols.

Because VRRP fixed problems with the HSRP protocol, Cisco began using VRRP instead, while still claiming it as its own.

Thus, a free implementation of VRRP could not be made.

OpenBSD developers started CARP as an alternative to the patented VRRP, as the " reasonable and non-discriminatory " licensing terms necessarily excluded open-source implementations.

The Small Business Administration ( SBA ) provides guidance and advice on sources of technical information relating to small business management and research and development of products.

This unit, affectionately dubbed `` The Monster '', can be wheeled to any convenient location and provides a wealth of information about the patient's breathing.

Chapter 15 provides more detailed information about specific techniques used in evaluating pupil progress.

In the federal system, Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 32 ( i )( 4 ) provides that the court must " address the defendant personally in order to permit the defendant to speak or present any information to mitigate the sentence.

The information obtained by astrometric measurements provides information on the kinematics and physical origin of our Solar System and our galaxy, the Milky Way.

* The Sidewise Award for Alternate History lists all the winners and nominees for the award since its inception and provides information for recommending works for consideration.

* Job Accommodation Network — provides information about rights and responsibilities under the ADA and related legislation.

It is worth noting Ian Woods advice that although Gregory provides the fullest information for this period, where it touches Merovingian affairs, he often " allowed his religious bias to determine his interpretation of the events.

One of the major weaknesses of GPWS is the lack of " look-ahead " information, because it only provides altitude above terrain " look-down ".

This provides rare information of the monetary value placed on prints at this time.

Accounting that provides information to people outside the business entity is called financial accounting and provides information to present and potential shareholders, creditors such as banks or vendors, financial analysts, economists, and government agencies.

Bluetooth provides a secure way to connect and exchange information between devices such as faxes, mobile phones, telephones, laptops, personal computers, printers, Global Positioning System ( GPS ) receivers, digital cameras, and video game consoles.

Bluetooth technology provides a way to exchange information between wireless devices such as personal digital assistants ( PDAs ), mobile phones, laptops, computers, printers and digital cameras via a secure, low-cost, globally available short-range radio frequency band.

DNA provides the information for a plant's structure, metabolism, and biology.

A bootstrapping node, also known as a rendezvous host, is a node in an overlay network that provides initial configuration information to newly joining nodes so that they may successfully join the overlay network.

** Obadiah, from the United Church of God, an International Association Bible Reading Program-This Hebrew scholar provides extensive background information as well as verse-by-verse exposition

The Zebra Fish Information Network provides up-to-date information about current known wild-type ( WT ) strains of D. rerio, some of which are listed below.

Tacitus provides some information on Caligula's life under Tiberius.

Although the census provides a useful way of obtaining statistical information about a population, such information can sometimes lead to abuses, political or otherwise, made possible by the linking of individuals ' identities to anonymous census data.

Two 2008 case studies show that the layout of a system provides a strong correlation to the ease of use for a system and that it proved more beneficial for the design to focus on presenting information in a way that reflected the most important goals and tasks of the user, rather than the structure of the organization.

The point is that an ethical critic, with an assist from Freud, can seize on this theory to argue that tragedy provides us with a harmless outlet for our hostile urges.

In order to assist the States in maintaining basic vocational rehabilitation services, Section 2 of the amended Act provides that allotments to States for support of such services be based on ( 1 ) need, as measured by a State's population, and ( 2 ) fiscal capacity, as measured by its per capita income.

Placing missiles in submarines, on barges, railroads, highways, surface vessels and in the air provides them with passive protection by taking advantage of the gravest weakness of long-range ballistic missiles today -- the extreme difficulty of destroying a mobile or moving target with such weapons.

This follows naturally since frontage on an ocean, stream, or lake provides scenic values and opportunities for the very popular recreation activities of bathing, fishing, boating, and other water sports.

Af appeared to be well suited for the study of these matters, since it is a normal paramagnet, with three unpaired electrons on the chromium, its crystal structure is very simple, and the unknown position of the hydrogen in the strong Af bond provides structural interest.

A random-storage scheme, based on the spelling of forms, provides an economical way to compile this text-form list.

Revenue Ruling 54-17 provides that if the corporation against which a tax was assessed has since been liquidated by merger with a successor corporation, a claim for refund should be filed by the successor in the name and on behalf of the corporation which paid the tax, followed by the name of the successor corporation.

Section 362 requires carryover of the transferor corporation's basis for property transferred, and section 1223 provides for tacking on the transferor's holding period for such property to that of the transferee.

This instrument provides an electrical signal proportional to the angular deviations of the platform and can be used to automatically hold the platform on true heading.

Basing action on the empirical determination of cause and effect provides a toughness and bravado that no powerful otherworldly ancestor could ever impart -- plus the added liberation from the constraint of silent burial urns.

At the same time, David H. Price's work on American anthropology during the Cold War provides detailed accounts of the pursuit and dismissal of several anthropologists from their jobs for communist sympathies.

Rothbard bases his philosophy on natural law grounds and also provides economic explanations of why he thinks anarcho-capitalism is preferable on pragmatic grounds as well.

* The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed October 4, 1991 and entered into force January 14, 1998 ; this agreement prevents development and provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment through five specific annexes on marine pollution, fauna and flora, environmental impact assessments, waste management, and protected areas.

Free exhibitions often are held on the first floor, which also provides some opportunity to see the interior design.

; Piracy with violence: Section 2 of the Piracy Act 1837 provides that it is an offence, amongst other things, for a person, with intent to commit or at the time of or immediately before or immediately after committing the crime of piracy in respect of any ship or vessel, to assault, with intent to murder, any person being on board of or belonging to such ship or vessel.

; Assault on a constable in the execution of his duty: Section 89 ( 1 ) of the Police Act 1996 provides that it is an offence for a person to assault either:

Scottish law also provides for a more serious charge of aggravated assault on the basis of such factors as severity of injury, the use of a weapon, or Hamesuken ( to assault a person in his own home ).

It is a separate offence to assault on a constable in the execution of his duty, under section 41 of the Police ( Scotland ) Act 1967 which provides that it is an offence for a person to, amongst other things, assault a constable in the execution of his duty or a person assisting a constable in the execution of his duty.

A remarkable early tenth-century document, known as the Burghal Hidage, provides a formula for determining how many men were needed to garrison a borough, based on one man for every of wall.

Located on the 3rd floor of the Memorial Union, the Sun Devil Involvement Center ( SDIC ) provides opportunities for student involvement through clubs, sororities, fraternities, community service, leadership, student government, and co-curricular programming.

The following year, The Guardian challenged the succession law in court, claiming that it violated the European Convention on Human Rights, which provides " The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this Convention shall be secured without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status.