Various studies have estimated the death toll at between 740, 000 and 3, 000, 000, most commonly between 1. 4 million and 2. 2 million, with perhaps half of those deaths being due to executions, and the rest from starvation and disease.

Various studies have noted the threats to the country's cultures and the continuing growth in population that has contributed to poverty and are a reflection of unsustainable development.

Various studies have found that, even in this corrected form, the test is less powerful for testing normality than the Shapiro – Wilk test or Anderson – Darling test.

Various studies in India, for example, have concluded that about 10 % of total wheat production is lost at farm level, another 10 % is lost because of poor storage and road networks, and additional amounts lost at retail level.

Various studies have shown mammals and birds to be important pollinators.

Various studies point to different, even conflicting positions, such as a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, or no genetic influence.

Various studies have indicated some potential for photon emission to be used as a diagnostic technique.

Various studies have found elemol, an extract of Osage orange, to repel several species of mosquitos, cockroaches, crickets, and ticks.

Various secondary sources provide compilations of kin selection studies.

Various studies find that versus conventional agriculture, organic crops yielded 91 %, or 95-100 %,< ref name =" OFRF Yields "> The Information Bulletin of the Organic Farming Research Foundation accessdate = 2005-12-18

Various studies identify the important factors as insufficient or risky credit systems, the difficulty of farming semi-arid regions, poor agricultural income, absence of alternative income opportunities, a downturn in the urban economy which forced non-farmers into farming, and the absence of suitable counseling services.

Various studies conducted over the lifetime of the SAT show a statistically significant increase in correlation of high school grades and freshman grades when the SAT is factored in.

Various studies have examined the relationship between Religion and happiness.

Various sciences study the decomposition of bodies under the general rubric of forensics because the usual motive for such studies is to determine the time and cause of death for legal purposes:

Various Y-chromosome studies since confirmed that the Khoisan carry some of the most divergent ( oldest ) Y-chromosome haplogroups.

Various studies support the effectiveness of this treatment.

Various studies have reported that people spend less and less time interacting with others in real life and those who spend more time online tend to be less socially apt.

Various studies have indicated prions ( PrP < sup > SC </ sup >) that infect sheep and goats with the fatal

Various studies showed that choosing the appropriate classifier can significantly enhance the overall performance of the system.

Various studies have found that pulsed electromagnetic fields ( PEMF ) have increased the rate of bone healing.

Various studies have been produced, recreating the effects of the Ouija board in the lab and showing that, at least under laboratory conditions, the subjects were moving the planchette involuntarily.

* Rejection of gay identity: Various studies report that for some religious people, rejecting a gay identity appears to relieve the distress caused by conflicts between religious values and sexual orientation.

Various methods of classifying studies have been attempted ; a commonly used indexing system is the GBR code.

Various names were given to these positions ( Damiano, for example, called them " subtelties "); the first book which called them " studies " appears to be Chess Studiels, an 1851 publication by Josef Kling and Bernhard Horwitz, which is sometimes also regarded as the starting point for the modern endgame study.

Various internet laws generally regard any message or post that threatens, harasses, or degrades another user as cyber harassment and as such can be considered criminal in some jurisdictions.

Various references to Hebrew ( еврейский ) origins seem to exist in early documents, although Jews and especially Karaite Jews do not regard " Khazar " Karaims / Karaylar as Jewish.

Various ahadith have been transmitted in this regard, some weak and others graded hasan or sahih.

Various of the apartments are of the terrace type, being on the ground floor so that entrance is direct.

Various Soviet directors were more concerned with artistic success than with economical success ( They were paid by the academy, and so money was not a critical issue ).

Various factors have so far stymied more diversification ( a small market of 1 million people, dependence on French imports, inability to capitalize on regional markets, lack of entrepreneurial zeal among the Gabonese, and the fairly regular stream of oil " rent ").

Various constituents of a gene, such as its control elements and its gene product, may be mutated so that the functioning of a gene or protein can be examined in detail.

Various proposals have been made to amend the Constitution so as to eliminate this discrepancy.

Various tree s such as maples have samara ( fruit ) | winged seeds that enable them to Seed dispersal | disperse, some Autorotation ( helicopter ) | autorotating as they fall, often catching the autumn wind as they do so.

Various positions were available in West Germany, and so Foucault decided to relocate to the city of Hamburg, where he continued to teach the same courses that he had given in Uppsala and Warsaw.

Various schools and colleges have emerged with courses in Music Production and more so in electronic music production.

Various methods can be associated with the object, such as a method to return the preferred phone number, the home address, and so on.

Various disciplines within mathematics have given the term different meanings depending on the area of study, so the precise meaning depends on context.

Various proposals have been made for a new river crossing, the closest of which was in the late 1980s, when there was a controversial proposal to alter the shape of London's South Circular inner orbital road so it would run through Oxleas Woods.

Various Commonwealth countries, such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, converted to the metric system in the 1960s and 1970s ; so while the term " pint " may still be in common use in these countries, it may not be the same as the imperial pint originally used throughout the Commonwealth.

Various parties have tried to locate the fossils, but so far they have been without result.

Various tests determine whether the cancer has spread and, if so, what parts of the body are affected.

Various occupations, such as sailors, fishermen and pirates employed different languages ( even from unrelated language groups ), so that crew and settlers of Iberian empires recorded as Galicians from Spain were actually using Portuguese, Arabic, Basque, Berber, Breton, Catalan, Dutch, French, Greek, Italian and Languedoc languages, which were wrongly identified.

Various alternative communities like those the Diggers founded were covered in a documentary film made by Will Vinton, who later went on to fame for his ClayMation clay-animation studio in Portland, Oregon, His 1970-ish documentary feature-length film was titled " Gone for A Better Deal ", which, so far, has never been released to any video format.

Various medium-length ( 2 – 4 years ) professional degrees have been adapted so they now have status as professional bachelor's degrees ( 3½ years ), and opposed to academic bachelor's degrees they are considered to be " usable " degrees.

Various reasons exist for using digraphs and trigraphs: keyboards may not have keys to cover the entire character set of the language, input of special characters may be difficult, text editors may reserve some characters for special use and so on.

* Various different flavours of cobordism groups:,, and so on.

* Various different flavours of K-theory: ( real periodic K-theory ), ( real connective ), ( complex periodic ), ( complex connective ) and so on.

; Compression: Various schemes can be employed to shrink the size of the source data to be stored so that it uses less storage space.

Various animals, and some plants, have been injecting for various reasons long before humans began doing so in a process commonly called stinging.

" Various contrivances to satisfy his objections were put forward including looping the line on a viaduct from the Cliffs of Dover and back into them, so that the connection could be bombarded at will by the Royal Navy.

Various news outlets later on said that he " had his career completely destroyed " for doing so, before it became enormously popular and made Seacrest very wealthy.