That long night with Nicolas and marijuana in Venice had opened her eyes.

In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, interest in Aristotle revived and Latin Christians had translations made, both from Arabic translations, such as those by Gerard of Cremona, and from the original Greek, such as those by James of Venice and William of Moerbeke.

* 1849 – After a month-long siege, Venice, which had declared itself independent as the Republic of San Marco, surrenders to Austria.

Mitridate Eupatore, accounted his masterpiece, composed for Venice in 1707, contains music far in advance of anything that Scarlatti had written for Naples, both in technique and in intellectual power.

It had strong links with Italy, especially Venice, a relatively short distance across the Alps.

The Venetian artist Jacopo de ' Barbari, whom Dürer had met in Venice, visited Nuremberg in 1500, and Dürer said that he learned much about the new developments in perspective, anatomy, and proportion from him.

In painting, Dürer had relatively little influence in Italy, where probably only his altarpiece in Venice was seen, and his German successors were less effective in blending German and Italian styles.

These castes had a complex structure in the fragmented city states of Italy such as Genoa, Venice, Naples, Roma, Florence and Lombardy ; in some, the merchants were the nobili, in others the nobili despised the merchant caste and were agriculturalists, in yet others the nobili caste despised all work.

Note the four tiers on the helmet, which he had commissioned from Venice, symbolizing his imperial power, and excelling the three-tiered papal tiara.

Moreover, as Patriarch in Venice some had seen a hardening of his stance on social issues as the years went by.

* 1539 – Council of Trent: Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.

From 1743 to 1744, Rousseau had an honorable but ill-paying post as a secretary to the Comte de Montaigue, the French ambassador to Venice.

Many of the kingdoms, principalities and dukedoms in the Italian peninsula had come together under the leadership of Victor Emmanuel II, but Rome and Venice had remained separate papal states.

The Republic of Venice had gained control over much of the trade routes between Europe and Asia.

As in Venus in Furs, he traveled in the third-class compartment, while she had a seat in first-class, arriving in Venice ( Florence, in the novel ), where they were not known, and would not arouse suspicion.

He presided over the Cannes Film Festival in 1958 and 1959 and had a similar role at the Venice Film Festival in 1960.

Polo was finally released from captivity in August 1299, and returned home to Venice, where his father and uncle had purchased a large house in the central quarter named contrada San Giovanni Crisostomo.

* 1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication, interdiction, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse against Venice, which had unjustly seized on Ferrara, a fief of the Patrimony of Peter.

Skate punk innovators also pointed in other directions: Big Boys helped establish funkcore, while Venice, California's Suicidal Tendencies had a formative effect on the heavy metal – influenced crossover thrash style.

However, the dispute between Alexander III, Antipope Victor IV and his successors Antipope Paschal III and Antipope Calixtus III ( who had the German imperial support ) continued until Frederick Barbarossa's defeat at the Legnano in 1176, after which Barbarossa finally ( in the Peace of Venice of 1177 ) recognized Alexander III as pope.

He had even arrived in the Vatican with a return train ticket to Venice.

In August 1523 he was forced into an alliance with the Empire, England, and Venice against France ; meanwhile, in 1522 the Sultan Suleiman I ( 1520 – 66 ) had conquered Rhodes.

" Their intent was to stop the gradual migration of the Po toward the lagoon of Venice, which would have filled up with sediment had contact been made.

The main focus was in the Balkans where the South Slavs had been ruled for centuries by other empires, Byzantine Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Venice.

Several of Alexander's works were published in the Aldine edition of Aristotle, Venice, 1495 – 1498 ; his De Fato and De Anima were printed along with the works of Themistius at Venice ( 1534 ); the former work, which has been translated into Latin by Grotius and also by Schulthess, was edited by J. C. Orelli, Zürich, 1824 ; and his commentaries on the Metaphysica by H. Bonitz, Berlin, 1847.

Although the copy has been lost, the Andrea Bianco original is preserved at the Biblioteca Marciana ( Venice ).

The island must then have been fruitful, for one of the conditions under which Venice accorded him her protection, was that he should supply grain to her colonies.

Canals are so deeply identified with Venice that many canal cities have been nicknamed " the Venice of …".

The homilies appeared for the first time in a work called Haschacnapadum at Constantinople in 1737 ; a century afterwards a Greek translation was published at Venice by the Mekhiterists ; and they have since been edited in German by J M Schmid ( Ratisbon, 1872 ).

The legislation has been strongly criticized by the Venice Commission of the Council of Europe as discriminatory.

The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in approximately 1603, and based on the Italian short story Un Capitano Moro (" A Moorish Captain ") by Cinthio, a disciple of Boccaccio, first published in 1565.

Cinthio's tale may have been based on an actual incident occurring in Venice about 1508.

Almost half of Shakespeare's plays are set in Italy, many of them containing details of Italian laws, customs, and culture which Oxfordians believe could only have been obtained by personal experiences in Italy, and especially in Venice.

In 1425, Uccello travelled to Venice, where he worked on the mosaics for the façade of San Marco ( all these works have been lost ).

Although interestingly there do not appear to be any scheduled flights between the two countries and the train service, which used to be frequent, has been limited to one train a day in each direction ( a night service from Budapest to Venice and back ) until December 2011, when it was discontinued, thus leaving no railway connection between the two countries.

Early in the 12th century, Venice acquired some villages near Tyre and set up estates to produce sugar for export to Europe, where it supplemented honey which had previously been the only available sweetener.

In a 16th-century burial near Venice, a brick forced into the mouth of a female corpse has been interpreted as a vampire-slaying ritual by the archaeologists who discovered it in 2006.

Venice has been known as the " La Dominante ", " Serenissima ", " Queen of the Adriatic ", " City of Water ", " City of Masks ", " City of Bridges ", " The Floating City ", and " City of Canals ".

Venice has also been described by the Times Online as being one of Europe's most romantic cities.

This plunder included the gilt bronze horses from the Hippodrome of Constantinople, which were originally placed above the entrance to St Mark's cathedral in Venice, although the originals have been replaced with replicas and the originals are now stored within the basilica.

The 18th century's biggest industrial complex was the Venice Arsenal, and the Italian Army still uses it today ( even though some space has been used for major theatrical and cultural productions, and beautiful spaces for art ).

* 1297-Membership in the Mazor Consegio or the Great Council of Venice of the Venetian Republic is sealed and limited in the future to only those families whose names have been inscribed therein.

It premiered to critical and popular success on 4 February 1836 at the Teatro La Fenice, Venice, and was given many additional performances that season, although Ashbrook notes that there would have been more had the opera not been presented so late in the season.

After it became clear that Maximilian's policies in Italy had been unsuccessful, and after 1517 Venice reconquered the last pieces of their territory from Maximilian, the emperor now started to focus entirely on the question of his succession.