After finding Piave's work unsatisfactory, Verdi then turned to Solera, but finally returned to Piave for act 3.

In 1897, Verdi completed his last composition, a setting of the traditional Latin text Stabat Mater.

Today, almost all performances use the Italian version, although in 2002 the French version, Le trouvère appeared as part of the Sarasota Opera's " Verdi Cycle " of all the composer's work, to be completed by 2013.

The first version of Macbeth was completed during the middle of what Verdi was to describe as his " galley years ".

Verdi left Italy at the end of May 1847 with his work for London completed, except for the orchestration, which he left until the opera was in rehearsal.

The Sarasota Opera presented Stiffelio in 2005 as part of its " Verdi Cycle " of all of the composer's operas to be completed by 2013.

Verdi ’ s masterworks dominate the standard opera repertoire a century and a half after their composition.

Also in Busseto, Verdi was given his first lessons in composition.

In 1894, Verdi composed a short ballet for a French production of Otello, his last purely orchestral composition.

In August, Verdi and Piave prudently retired to Busseto, Verdi's hometown, to continue the composition and prepare a defensive scheme.

However, Verdi, still maintaining that his career had ended with the composition of Aida, made very little progress on the work.

He began his musical training at the Conservatorio Verdi in Milan, gaining a diploma in composition in 1982.

Described by Time Magazine as " a cross between Carl Sagan and Madonna ", Dr. Fiorella Terenzi has studied opera and composition at Conservatory G. Verdi, Corsi Popolari Serali and taught mathematics and physics at Liceo Scientifico, Milan.

Along with the critics, Verdi acknowledged that the failure was partly due to his own personal circumstances, since first his two children and then his wife Margherita Barezzi died during its composition.

He graduated from the Verdi Conservatory in Milan in 1928, having studied composition and conducting as well as honing his skills at the piano.

Verdi rival Errico Petrella's most successful opera, Jone ( 1858 ), was based upon Bulwer-Lytton's The Last Days of Pompeii, and was performed all over the world until the First World War.

Of these Otello formed the climax to his reform of serious opera, and offers a suggestive contrast with the treatment of the same subject at a similar point of artistic development by the composer Giuseppe Verdi.

Puccini was " the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi ".

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (; 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901 ) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera.

Both died in infancy while Verdi was working on his first opera and, shortly afterwards, Margherita died of encephalitis on 18 June 1840, aged only 26.

The production by Milan's La Scala of his first opera, Oberto in November 1839 achieved a degree of success, after which Bartolomeo Merelli, La Scala's impresario, offered Verdi a contract for three more works.

For some, the most original and important opera that Verdi wrote is Macbeth in 1847.

For the first time, Verdi attempted an opera without a love story, breaking a basic convention in 19th century Italian opera.

Verdi's grand opera, Aida, is sometimes thought to have been commissioned for the celebration of the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, but, according to one major critic, Verdi turned down the Khedive's invitation to write an " ode " for the new opera house he was planning to inaugurate as part of the canal opening festivities.

Later in 1869 / 70, the organizers again approached Verdi ( this time with the idea of writing an opera ), but he again turned them down.

* 1842 – Giuseppe Verdi's third opera, Nabucco, receives its première performance in Milan ; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.

* Nabucco ( short for Nabucodonosor / Nebuchadnezzar ) an opera by Giuseppe Verdi

The mid-to-late 19th century was a " golden age " of opera, led and dominated by Wagner in Germany and Verdi in Italy.

Following the bel canto era, a more direct, forceful style was rapidly popularized by Giuseppe Verdi, beginning with his biblical opera Nabucco.

* February 5 – The Giuseppe Verdi opera Otello premieres at La Scala.

* March 9 – Giuseppe Verdi's third opera Nabucco premieres in Milan ; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.

* The Lady of the Camellias was a novel about a courtesan by French author Alexandre Dumas, fils that was turned into the opera La Traviata by Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi.

( Verdi had toyed, too, with writing an opera based on King Lear and Arrigo Boito later tried to interest him in Antony and Cleopatra, but neither project was ever brought to fruition.

Aida (), sometimes spelled Aïda, is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, based on a scenario written by French Egyptologist Auguste Mariette.

Isma ' il Pasha, Khedive of Egypt, commissioned Verdi to write the opera for performance in January 1871, paying him 150, 000 francs, but the premiere was delayed because of the Franco-Prussian War.

He was the first to write an oratorio fully on the subject of the Book of Revelation ( as opposed to a Last Judgement in a Requiem like that of Verdi ).

Immediately after Rossini's death, Giuseppe Verdi proposed to collaborate with twelve other Italian composers on a Requiem for Rossini, to be performed on the first anniversary of Rossini's death, conducted by Angelo Mariani.

Their cohabitation before marriage was regarded as scandalous in some of the places they lived, but Verdi and Giuseppina married on 29 August 1859 at Collonges-sous-Salève, near Geneva.

Verdi blamed this on the lack of enthusiasm for the project by the intended conductor, Angelo Mariani, who had been a longtime friend of his.

Verdi's comments on Wagner and his music are few and hardly benevolent (" He invariably chooses, unnecessarily, the untrodden path, attempting to fly where a rational person would walk with better results "), but at least one of them is kind: upon learning of Wagner's death, Verdi lamented, " Sad, sad, sad!

" Of Wagner's comments on Verdi, only one is well-known.

During the following years, Verdi worked on revising some of his earlier scores, most notably new versions of Don Carlos, La forza del destino, and Simon Boccanegra.

While staying at the Grand Hotel et de Milan in Milan, Verdi had a stroke on 21 January 1901.

Verdi was one of the first composers who insisted on patiently seeking out plots to suit his particular talents.

* The Verdi Inlet on the Beethoven Peninsula of Alexander Island just off Antarctica

( Verdi biographer Mary Jane Phillips-Matz has argued that the scenario was actually written by Temistocle Solera ..) Aida was first performed at the Khedivial Opera House in Cairo on 24 December 1871, conducted by Giovanni Bottesini.

( Verdi had been asked to compose an ode for the opening of the Canal, but declined on the grounds that he did not write " occasional pieces ".

Il trovatore ( The Troubadour ) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Salvadore Cammarano, based on the play El Trovador ( 1836 ) by Antonio García Gutiérrez.

Verdi made some changes to the score for the French premiere of Le trouvère including the addition of music for the ballet in act 3 and several revisions focusing on the music of Azucena, including an extended version of the finale of act 4, to accommodate the role's singer Borghi-Mamo.

Ernani is an operatic dramma lirico in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Hernani by Victor Hugo.

Don Carlos is a five-act grand opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French language libretto by Camille du Locle and Joseph Méry, based on the dramatic play Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien ( Don Carlos, Infante of Spain ) by Friedrich Schiller.

The Italian translation was first performed on 4 June 1867, not in Italy but in London at the Royal Italian Opera House, Covent Garden ( now the Royal Opera House ), where it was produced and conducted by Michael Costa – not as Verdi desired, but in a cut and altered form.

Although Verdi had accepted the need to remove the first act, it seems that he changed his mind and allowed a performance on 29 December 1886 in Modena which presented the “ Fontainebleau ’’ first act along with the revised 4-act version.

Giuseppe Verdi died on January 27 and the following month Mascagni commemorated Verdi's passing.

But Mercadante's style began to shift with the presentation of I Normanni a Parigi at the Teatro Regio in Turin in 1832: " It was with this score that Mercadante entered on the process of development in his musical dramaturgy which, in some aspects, actually presaged the arrival of Verdi, when he launched, from 1837 on, into master works of his artistic maturity: the so-called " reform operas ".