In class theories such as Von Neumann – Bernays – Gödel set theory and Morse – Kelley set theory, there is a possible axiom called the axiom of global choice which is stronger than the axiom of choice for sets because it also applies to proper classes.

Basic theories, such as arithmetic, real analysis and complex analysis are often introduced non-axiomatically, but implicitly or explicitly there is generally an assumption that the axioms being used are the axioms of Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory with choice, abbreviated ZFC, or some very similar system of axiomatic set theory like Von Neumann – Bernays – Gödel set theory, a conservative extension of ZFC.

Von Neumann wrote the first array-sorting program ( merge sort ) in 1945, during the building of the first stored-program computer .< sup > p.

Pfanzagl's axiomatization was endorsed by Oskar Morgenstern: " Von Neumann and I have anticipated " the question whether probabilities " might, perhaps more typically, be subjective and have stated specifically that in the latter case axioms could be found from which could derive the desired numerical utility together with a number for the probabilities ( cf.

Von Neumann machines differ in having a memory in which they store their operating instructions and data.

The modern computer, or Von Neumann machine, would play a central role in cognitive science, both as a metaphor for the mind, and as a tool for investigation.

Some argue that the concept of the collapse of a " real " wave function was introduced by Heisenberg and later developed by John Von Neumann in 1932.

Von Neumann himself used the term Universal Constructor.

As a serious proposal, it was first suggested by mathematician John Von Neumann in the late 1940s when he proposed a kinematic self-reproducing automaton model as a thought experiment.

See Von Neumann, J., 1966, The Theory of Self-reproducing Automata, A. Burks, ed., Univ.

The design could be modified to build Von Neumann probes to explore the galaxy.

The movie Screamers, based on Dick's short story Second Variety, features a group of robot weapons created by mankind to act as Von Neumann devices / berserkers.

In 1968, just before he published the first volume, Knuth accepted a job working on problems for the National Security Agency ( NSA ) through their FFRDC the Institute for Defense Analyses ( IDA ) Communications Research Division situated at the time on the Princeton campus in the Von Neumann building as stated in his cumulae vitae.

In work on Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory, the notion of class is informal, whereas other set theories, such as Von Neumann – Bernays – Gödel set theory, axiomatize the notion of " class ", e. g., as entities that are not members of another entity.

In September 2011 researchers also proved that a quantum computer can be made with a Von Neumann architecture ( separation of RAM ).

* Von Neumann machine

* Mathematics: Von Neumann universe

As far as computer security is concerned, reasoning about the security properties of a computer system requires being able to make sound assumptions about what it can, and more importantly, cannot do ; however, barring any reason to believe otherwise, a computer is able to do everything that a general Von Neumann machine can.

Von Neumann machine may refer to:.

* Von Neumann architecture, a conceptual model of a computer architecture

** Von Neumann probes, hypothetical space probes capable of self-replication

Von Neumann used 10 digit numbers, but the process was the same.

Von Neumann judged hardware random number generators unsuitable, for, if they did not record the output generated, they could not later be tested for errors.

Both Von Neumann as well as various degrees of Harvard architectures are used.

Of these there are surely few that would be more rewarding discoveries than Verner Von Heidenstam, the Swedish poet and novelist who received the award in 1916 and whose centennial was celebrated two years ago.

Von Strahlenberg's classification was the first attempt at classification of a large number of languages some of which are Altaic.

As with the Von der Tann design, which was drawn up at a similar time, all guns could be fired either side in broadsides, meaning more guns could come to bear than with the Helgoland design, despite having fewer in total.

Von Trier's next film, Breaking the Waves ( 1996 ), the first film in von Trier's ' Golden Heart Trilogy ', won the Grand Prix at Cannes and featured Emily Watson, who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress.

Von Trier's next feature film was a horror movie, Antichrist, about " a grieving couple who retreat to their cabin in the woods, hoping a return to Eden will repair their broken hearts and troubled marriage ; but nature takes its course and things go from bad to worse ".

Von Trier has stated he was inspired to make a trilogy about the United States as a reaction to Americans at the Cannes film festival who said he had no right to make the Dancer in the Dark, which was often viewed as being critical of a country he has never been to ( and has no intention of ever visiting, due to his phobia of travel ); however, von Trier himself has stated in interviews he did not intend it to be a criticism of America, saying the film takes place in a " fictional America ".

Von Sacher-Masoch was born in the city then known as Lemberg, the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, at the time a province of the Austrian Empire ( now Lviv, Ukraine ), into the Roman Catholic family of an Austrian police director of Spanish descent and Charlotte von Masoch, a Ukrainian noblewoman.

In the top of the ninth inning, Phillies first baseman Von Hayes hit a short fly ball to left field, which was pursued by both Smith and left fielder Curt Ford.

Von Feuerbach was the originator of the famous maxim nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali: " There's no crime and hence there shall not be punishment if at the time no penal law existed "

But San Francisco's defense tightened up on the next 3 plays, forcing 2 incompletions and a completed pass for no gain, and Miami was forced to settle for Von Schamann's second field goal of the game to cut their deficit to 28-13 with 12 seconds left in the half.

A reason Von Braun, head of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center during the 1960s, advocated for a smaller station after his large one was not built was that he wished to provide his employees with work beyond developing the Saturn rockets, which would be completed relatively early during Project Apollo.

The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich Von Alberti, after the three distinct rock layers ( tri meaning " three ") that are found throughout Germany and northwestern Europe — red beds, capped by chalk, followed by black shales — called the ' Trias.

Richard Farnsworth earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for his portrayal of Alvin Straight ; the oldest person ever to be nominated for a Best Actor Oscar until Max von Sydow and Christopher Plummer were both nominated ( although Plummer and Von Sydow were nominated in the supporting category, where as Farnsworth was lead ) in 2012 at age 82 ( Plummer also won the award that year, being its oldest recipient ).

Von Braun was working on his creative doctorate when the Nazi Party gained power in Germany.

Von Braun's thesis, Construction, Theoretical, and Experimental Solution to the Problem of the Liquid Propellant Rocket ( dated 16 April 1934 ), was kept classified by the German army and was not published until 1960.

Von Laue realized that electromagnetic radiation of a shorter wavelength was needed to observe such small spacings, and suggested that X-rays might have a wavelength comparable to the unit-cell spacing in crystals.

Von Laue developed a law that connects the scattering angles and the size and orientation of the unit-cell spacings in the crystal, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1914.

# Margareta ( 1480 – 1537 ) wife of Count Ludwig Von Helfenstein-Wiesentheid, was killed by peasants on 16 April 1525 in the Massacre of Weinsberg during the German Peasants ' War.

It is the first mineral to be named after someone, and was first described in 1789 for an occurrence in Haslach, Harzburg and Oberstein, Germany, and named for Colonel Hendrik Von Prehn ( 1733 – 1785 ), commander of the military forces of the Dutch colony at the Cape of Good Hope from 1768 to 1780.