The last substantive and successful classical cavalry charge of the war that made on March 1, 1945 during the Battle of Schoenfeld by the 1st " Warsaw " Independent Cavalry Brigade.

The Cold War ( 1945 – 1989 ) provided a global network of material and ideological support that perpetuated civil wars, which were mainly fought in weak ex-colonial states, rather than the relatively strong states that were aligned with the Warsaw Pact and North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

* 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces capture the almost completely destroyed Polish city of Warsaw.

The transfer to Poland decided at Potsdam in 1945 was officially recognized by East Germany in 1950, by West Germany under Chancellor Willy Brandt in the Treaty of Warsaw signed in 1970, and finally by the reunited Germany by the Two Plus Four Agreement in 1990.

At the end of 1944 an additional 30, 000-60, 000 Poles were moved into the city after Nazis crushed the Warsaw Uprising In February 1945 the Soviet Red Army approached the city.

The Cold War ( 1945 – 90 ): NATO vs. the Warsaw Pact, the status of forces in 1973

The reality was that a " Warsaw "- type pact had been in existence since 1945, when Soviet forces initially occupied Eastern Europe, and maintained there after the war.

* Stefan Korboński, Zofia Korbońska, F. B. Czarnomski: Fighting Warsaw: the Story of the Polish Underground State, 1939 – 1945, Hippocrene Books, 2004, ISBN 978-0-7818-1035-7.

In February 1945, Kuratowski started to lecture at the reopened Warsaw University.

In 1945, he became a member of the Polish Academy of Learning, in 1946 he was appointed vice-president of the Mathematics department at Warsaw University, and from 1949 he was chosen to be the vice-president of Warsaw Scientific Society.

* Streets were also named after him in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, in Budapest, Hungary ( between 1961 and 1990 ); Jakarta ( between 1945 to 1967 ); Belgrade, Serbia ; Sofia, Bulgaria ( until 1991-2 ) Skopje, Republic of Macedonia ; Bata and Malabo, Equatorial Guinea ; Tehran, Iran ; Algiers, Algeria ( Rue Patrice Lumumba ); Santiago de Cuba, Cuba ( since 1960, formerly Avenida de Bélgica ); Łódź, Warsaw, Poland ; Kiev, Ukraine ; Perm, Russia ; Rabat, Morocco ; Maputo, Mozambique ; Leipzig, Germany ; Lusaka, Zambia (" Lumumba Street "); Kampala, Uganda (" Lumumba Avenue "); Tunis, Tunisia ; Fort-de-France, Martinique ; Montpellier, France ; Accra, Ghana ; Antananarivo, Madagascar ; Rotterdam, Netherlands ; Alexandria, Egypt and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

During World War II, people who decided to stay and hide in the ruins of the German-occupied city of Warsaw for a period of three winter months, from October to January 1945, when they were rescued by the Red Army, were later called Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw.

In 1945, the Third Reich ended in defeat and Germany was divided into two separate countries, with the east controlled as part of the Communist Soviet Bloc and the west aligned to Capitalist Europe ( which formed into the European Community ), including a division in military alliance that formed into the Warsaw Pact and NATO, respectively.

* Stefan Mazurkiewicz ( 1888 – 1945 ), co-founder of the Warsaw school of mathematics

In 1945, shortly after the war's end, Szpilman wrote a memoir about his survival in Warsaw.

Destroyed Warsaw, capital of Poland, January 1945

Warsaw in Poland had practically been razed to the earth during the 1944 uprising, Dresden in Eastern Germany had been totally destroyed by a bombardment in February 1945, Stalingrad had been destroyed during the battle and few houses if any were still standing.

* Sol Rosenberg, participated in the Warsaw Ghetto uprising ; sent to Dachau ; liberated from the camp in 1945 ; relocated to the United States

At the end of February 1945 he returned to Warsaw, where he began his service in the information and propaganda section of NIE resistance movement.

Almost entirely destroyed, Warsaw was liberated from the Germans on 17 January 1945 by the Red Army and the 1st Polish Army.

By January 1945 85 % of the buildings were destroyed: 25 % as a result of the Uprising, 35 % as a result of systematic German actions after the uprising, and the rest as a result of the earlier Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, and the September 1939 campaign.

The Totenkopf continued to show ferocity, during the advance in 1941 as well as the summer offensive in 1942, the conquest of Kharkov, the defense of the Demyansk Pocket, the defense of Warsaw, and Budapest in 1945.

Three Maries, alabaster sculpture by Master of the Rimini Crucifixion ( c. 1430 ), National Museum, Warsaw | National Museum, Warsaw

Image: 20070124 sejm detale budynek k kobieta z golebiem. jpg | Bas-relief from the Polish Parliament building in Warsaw, Poland

Leon Wyczółkowski, A Game of croquet ( 1892-1895 ), National Museum, Warsaw | National Museum, Warsaw

During the Warsaw Uprising ( 1944 ), a Poles | Polish couple, members of an Armia Krajowa resistance group, are married in a secret Catholic chapel in a street in Warsaw.

File: Epitaph for heart of Frédéric Chopin in Holy Cross Church in Warsaw. PNG | Epitaph for heart of Frédéric Chopin

Actors before Hamlet by Władysław Czachórski ( 1875 ), National Museum, Warsaw | National Museum in Warsaw.

In 1791 the Great Sejm | Great or Four-Year Sejm adopted the Constitution of May 3, 1791 | May 3 Constitution at Warsaw's Royal Castle, Warsaw | Royal Castle

Polish – Soviet War, Battle of Warsaw ( 1920 ) | defenses near Warsaw, August 1920

Krasiński Square in History of Warsaw | prewar Warsaw

File: Stanczyk Matejko. JPG | Jan Matejko, Stanczyk, 1862, Warsaw National Museum, Warsaw

Scene from an altar of St. Hedwig of Silesia, Wrocław | Breslau around 1430, restored in 1929, National Museum, Warsaw | National Museum Warsaw

An example of Book burning | Books burned by the Germans during the Planned destruction of Warsaw.

Polish civilians murdered by Waffen-SS troops ( Azeri Waffen SS Volunteer Formations # Ostmuselmanische SS-Regiment | SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger ) in Warsaw Uprising, August 1944.

The city was heavily damaged ( 65 %) at the end of World War II and thereafter almost totally destroyed, when many of the buildings still standing were taken down by the communists for bricks to be used for rebuilding destroyed Gdańsk and Warsaw.

Some of the damaged historical city center was completely demolished and the bricks were used to rebuild Warsaw and Gdańsk.

Air travel is generally used for international travel, with many flights originating at Warsaw Chopin Airport.

" Sinatra Doctrine " was the name that the Soviet government of Mikhail Gorbachev used jokingly to describe its policy of allowing neighboring Warsaw Pact nations to determine their own internal affairs.

Katowice International Airport ( in Tarnowskie Góry County ) is used for domestic and international flights, Other Nearby Airports are John Paul II International Airport Kraków-Balice and Warsaw Frédéric Chopin Airport.

* Belweder in Warsaw, was the official seat of the President until 1993, currently owned by the Office of the President as the official residence of the President and is used by the President and the Government for ceremonial purposes.

The term was coined by analogy to planetary objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War or to Mongolia between 1924 and 1990, for example.

During the Cold War " the West " was often used to refer to the NATO camp as opposed to the Warsaw Pact and non-aligned nations.

During the Cold War, " The East " was sometimes used to refer to the Warsaw Pact and Communist China, along with other Communist nations.

Flamethrowers were extensively used by German units in urban fights in Poland, both in 1943 in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and in 1944 in the Warsaw Uprising.

* 12. 7 × 108mm: The 12. 7 × 108mm cartridge is a heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the Soviet Union, the former Warsaw Pact, modern Russia, and other countries.

* 14. 5 × 114mm: The 14. 5 × 114 mm is a heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the Soviet Union, the former Warsaw Pact, modern Russia, and other countries.

Pulaski returned to Warsaw, and his father gave him the village of Zezulińce in Podole ; from that time Pulaski used the title of starost of Zezulińce.

He then took a communication position at the Polish Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs, and used his position for buying and selling stocks at the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

The term " grand duchy " is often, but incorrectly, used in reference to the Duchy of Warsaw ( 1807-1813 ), which was in fact a duchy and not a grand duchy.

Wehrmacht and later SS forces extensively used Polish civilians as human shield during Warsaw Uprising when attacking the insurgents ' positions.

Although loosely structured, the film is concerned mainly with four topics: Chełmno, where gas vans were first used to exterminate Jews ; the death camps of Treblinka and Auschwitz-Birkenau ; and the Warsaw Ghetto, with testimonies from survivors, witnesses, and perpetrators.

Following the war, the Old Town in Malbork was not rebuilt, instead the bricks from its ruins were used to rebuild the oldest sections of Warsaw and Gdańsk.

Until late 1980s, it used to be a local railroad junction, with four lines stemming from Ostrołęka railway station-eastwards to Łapy and Białystok, southwestwards to Tłuszcz and Warsaw, northwards to Wielbark and Olsztyn, and southwards to Małkinia.

Other structures included military fortifications ( of types used by both NATO and the Warsaw Pact ), civil defense, and " backyard " shelters.

The T-72 was the most common tank used by the Warsaw Pact from the 1970s to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

A " Barlock " search radar from the Soviet Union was installed to evaluate the Soviet Air Defense System, and electronic warfare using acquired Soviet ground radar equipment was used to test and develop techniques to counter Soviet air defense equipment used by the Warsaw Pact and nations friendly to the Soviets.