The system was described in 1976 by Guy Ottewell and also by Robert J. Weber, who coined the term " approval voting.

These are sometimes called Weber functions after Heinrich Martin Weber, and also Neumann functions after Carl Neumann.

Franz Schubert is also something of a transitional figure, as are Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Mauro Giuliani, Friedrich Kuhlau, Fernando Sor, Luigi Cherubini, Jan Ladislav Dussek, and Carl Maria von Weber.

The concept is also present in the work of Max Weber, Gilles Deleuze, and Edmund Husserl.

Human rights are also described as a sociological pattern of rule setting ( as in the sociological theory of law and the work of Weber ).

Weber translated this compliment also.

Hogan also espoused the idea that the Holocaust didn't happen in the manner described by mainstream historians, writing that he found the work of Arthur Butz and Mark Weber to be " more scholarly, scientific, and convincing than what the history written by the victors says.

Weber also made a variety of other contributions in economic history, as well as economic theory and methodology.

The young Weber and his brother Alfred, who also became a sociologist and economist, thrived in this intellectual atmosphere.

Over time, Weber would also be significantly affected by the marital tension between his father, " a man who enjoyed earthly pleasures ," and his mother, a devout Calvinist " who sought to lead an ascetic life.

Weber also remained active in the Verein and the Evangelical Social Congress.

Weber was also influenced by Kantian ethics, which he nonetheless came to think of as obsolete in a modern age lacking in religious certainties.

Weber also saw rationalisation as one of the main factors setting the European West apart from the rest of the world.

Weber was ambivalent towards rationalisation ; while admitting it was responsible for many advances, in particular, freeing humans from traditional, restrictive and illogical social guidelines, he also criticised it for dehumanising individuals as " cogs in the machine " and curtailing their freedom, trapping them in the bureaucratic iron cage of rationality and bureaucracy.

Weber also proposed a socioevolutionary model of religious change, showing that in general, societies have moved from magic to polytheism, then to pantheism, monotheism and finally, ethical monotheism.

Weber also noted that societies having more Protestants were those with a more highly developed capitalist economy.

Weber juxtaposed such Messianic prophecies ( also called ethical prophecies ), notably from the Near East region to the exemplary prophecies found on the Asiatic mainland, focused more on reaching to the educated elites and enlightening them on the proper ways to live one's life, usually with little emphasis on hard work and the material world.

Weber also writes that " the affluent embrace good fortune theodicies, which emphasise that prosperity is a blessing of God ... theodices of misfortune emphasise that affluence is a sign of evil and that suffering in this world will be rewarded in the next.

While recognising bureaucracy as the most efficient form of organisation and even indispensable for the modern state, Weber also saw it as a threat to individual freedoms and the ongoing bureaucratisation as leading to a " polar night of icy darkness ", in which increasing rationalisation of human life traps individuals in the aforementioned " iron cage " of bureaucratic, rule-based, rational control.

Weber also formulated a three-component theory of stratification, with Social class, Social status and Political party as conceptually distinct elements.

Unlike other historicists, Weber also accepted the marginal theory of value ( also called " marginalism ") and taught it to his students.

Knight also wrote in 1956 that Max Weber was the only economist who dealt with the problem of understanding the emergence of modern capitalism " from the angle which alone can yield an answer to such questions, that is, the angle of comparative history in the broad sense.

An early route of the Hastings Cutoff ran through the Morgan Valley and down through a narrow gorge in Weber Canyon.

* Hoity-Toity Broadway revue opened at the Weber and Fields Music Hall on September 5 and ran for 225 performances.

The journal Foreign Affairs continued the Journal of International Relations ( which ran from 1910 to 1922 ), which in turn continued the Journal of Race Development ( which ran from 1911 to 1919 ) ( Weber ).

She was noticed by Broadway producer Charles B. Dillingham, who gave her a role in Bye, Bye, Bonnie ( produced by L. Lawrence Weber ), which ran for six months.

Longtime PFP activist C. T. Weber was one of 135 candidates who ran for governor in the October 2003 recall election, in which voters removed then-Gov.

Its 1. 6 litre R-Series engine ran roughly, was difficult to start when warm, and its Weber twin carburettors could not be tuned by dealership workshops, who were used to SU carburettors.

In 1980, Weber ran for the United States House of Representatives from a Toledo-based district.

Chrysler's policy was to race " Australian made " product, which meant the race cars ran six-cylinder engines equipped with triple Weber carburettors and 3-speed gearboxes.

For his first New York solo show, in 1973, Buren suspended a set of nineteen black and white striped squares of canvas on a cable that ran from one end of the John Weber Gallery to the other, out the window to a building on the other side of West Broadway and back.

Another test that Weber ran that contradicts the random walk hypothesis, was finding stocks that have had an upward revision for earnings outperform other stocks in the forthcoming six months.

Hindemith's joust with Weber tunes was a considerably more serious misfortune, for it demands transluscent textures, buoyant rhythms, and astringent wit.

* Arfken, George B. and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th edition ( Harcourt: San Diego, 2005 ).

In 1831 Gauss developed a fruitful collaboration with the physics professor Wilhelm Weber, leading to new knowledge in magnetism ( including finding a representation for the unit of magnetism in terms of mass, length and time ) and the discovery of Kirchhoff's circuit laws in electricity.

Modern critical theory arose from the anti-positivist sociology of Max Weber and Georg Simmel, the Marxist theories of György Lukács and of Antonio Gramsci, towards that of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt.

* Max Weber Center for Advanced Cultural and Social Studies

The ball beat the goalkeeper, hit the crossbar and bounced down before Wolfgang Weber, scorer of the Germans ' second goal, headed it out for a corner.

" The crowd was quiet while Weber translated and repeated the president's German line ; Kennedy was obviously relieved at the crowd's positive response and thanked Weber for his translation.

The IEC was instrumental in developing and distributing standards for units of measurement, particularly Gauss, Hertz, and Weber.

He then equated the ratio of the dielectric constant to the magnetic permeability with a suitably adapted version of Weber and Kohlrausch's result of 1856, and he substituted this result into Newton's equation for the speed of sound.

Although social scientists such as Max Weber sought to understand and explain religion in terms of a cultural attribute, Richard Dawkins called for a re-analysis of religion in terms of the evolution of self-replicating ideas apart from any resulting biological advantages they might bestow.

Weber was a key proponent of methodological antipositivism, arguing for the study of social action through interpretive ( rather than purely empiricist ) means, based on understanding the purpose and meaning that individuals attach to their own actions.

Weber is perhaps best known for his thesis combining economic sociology and the sociology of religion, elaborated in his book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, in which he proposed that ascetic Protestantism was one of the major " elective affinities " associated with the rise in the Western world of market-driven capitalism and the rational-legal nation-state.

Against Marx's " historical materialism ," Weber emphasised the importance of cultural influences embedded in religion as a means for understanding the genesis of capitalism.

In 1886 Weber passed the examination for Referendar, comparable to the bar association examination in the British and American legal systems.

Two years later, Weber completed his Habilitationsschrift, The Roman Agrarian History and its Significance for Public and Private Law, working with August Meitzen.

Having thus become a Privatdozent, Weber joined the University of Berlin's faculty, lecturing and consulting for the government.

From 1893 to 1899 Weber was a member of the Alldeutscher Verband ( Pan-German League ), an organisation that campaigned against the influx of the Polish workers ; the degree of Weber's support for the Germanisation of Poles and similar nationalist policies is still debated by modern scholars.

In some of his work in particular his provocative lecture on " The Nation State and Economic Policy " delivered in 1895, Weber criticizes the immigration of Poles and blames the Junker class for perpetuating Slavic immigration to serve their selfish interests.

After this, Weber became increasingly prone to depression, nervousness and insomnia, making it difficult for him to fulfill his duties as a professor.

In 1904, Weber began to publish some of his most seminal papers in this journal, notably his essay The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, which became his most famous work and laid the foundations for his later research on the impact of cultures and religions on the development of economic systems.

At the outbreak of World War I, Weber, aged 50, volunteered for service and was appointed as a reserve officer and put in charge of organising the army hospitals in Heidelberg, a role he fulfilled until the end of 1915.

Whereas Durkheim focused on the society, Weber concentrated on the individuals and their actions ( see structure and action discussion ) and whereas Marx argued for the primacy of the material world over the world of ideas, Weber valued ideas as motivating actions of individuals, at least in the big picture.