When gastric hydrochloric acid reaches the nerves in the gastrointestinal mucosa, they signal pain to the central nervous system.

When Haydn and Mozart began composing, symphonies were played as single movements — before, between, or as interludes within other works — and many of them lasted only ten or twelve minutes ; instrumental groups had varying standards of playing, and the continuo was a central part of music-making.

When a central bank wishes to purchase more bonds than their respective national governments make available, they may purchase private bonds or assets denominated in foreign currencies.

When the character was spun off into Frasier, his father became a central character with, in a case of retroactive continuity, the explanation that Frasier was embarrassed about his father's lowbrow attitudes and thus claimed his death.

When the Communists captured the Nationalist capital of Nanjing in April 1949, Li refused to accompany the central government as it fled to Guangdong, instead expressing his dissatisfaction with Chiang by retiring to Guangxi.

When populations were quickly decreased by causes such as the Black Death or devastating warfare ( for example, Genghis Khan's Mongol hordes in eastern and central Europe, Thirty Years ' War in Germany ), this could lead to settlements being abandoned.

When the First Transcontinental Railroad was proposed in the 1850s, Atchison called for it to be built along the central route ( from St. Louis through Missouri, Kansas, and Utah ), rather the southern route ( from New Orleans through Texas and New Mexico ).

When feeding, it has a multinucleate base and a contractile stalk up to 150 μm in length, supporting a relatively small uninucleate head, where the central granule and axopods are located.

When the above partial order is restricted to the central idempotents of R, a lattice structure can be given.

When either writing through or directly to physical device registers, this may, but not necessarily, cause a real interrupt to occur at the device's central processor unit ( CPU ), if it has one.

When various Bolshevik and Menshevik factions tried to re-unite at the January 1910 RSDLP Central Committee meeting in Paris over Lenin's objections, Trotsky's Pravda was made a party-financed ' central organ '.

When it was pointed out to Niven that the Ringworld was dynamically unstable, in that once the center of rotation drifted away from the central sun, gravity would pull the ring into contact with the star, he used this as a plot element in the sequel novel, The Ringworld Engineers.

When Egyptian rule collapsed after the invasion of the Sea Peoples, the central hill country could no longer sustain a large nomadic population, so they went from nomadism to sedentism.

When compared with the concept map ( which was developed by learning experts in the 1970s ) the structure of a mind map is a similar radial, but is simplified by having one central key word.

When this happens the body will rapidly spiral down and intersect the central body.

When he rewrote Radio Free Albemuth as VALIS beforehand, Dick incorporated the plotline of Radio Free Albemuth as a backdrop film ( also titled VALIS ) that recapitulated the central theological and existential concerns of his novel as a mise en abyme-that is, a miniature copy of his central preoccupations at this stage of his literary career, common to both works.

When Egyptian influence declined or succumbed to foreign domination, the Kushite elite regarded themselves as central powers and believed themselves as idols of Egyptian culture and religion.

When applied to a bus-based network, this central hub rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, sometimes including the originating node.

When posed the film's central question, can men and women just be friends, Ryan replied, " Yes, men and women can just be friends.

When student and worker unrest rocked France in May 1968, Chirac played a central role in negotiating a truce.

When the physical star topology is applied to a logical bus network such as Ethernet, this central node ( traditionally a hub ) rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, sometimes including the originating node.

When central authority collapsed after 189 CE, wealthy landowners, members of the aristocracy / nobility, and regional military-governors relied upon their retainers to act as their own personal troops ( buqu 部曲 ).

When the central tendon is stabilized and the lower ribs are mobile, a contraction of the diaphragm elevates the ribs, which works in conjunction with other muscles to expand the thoracic indent upward.

When the invaders seize one of these " blocks ", they effectively control all communications within it and can isolate its inhabitants from the outside world, deny the central government any access to them and consolidate control at their leisure.

When he returned from France to Reichenberg, his academic work markedly improved, and he began consistently receiving grades of “ gut ” or “ sehr gut ” ( good or very good ) in virtually all subjects — including French and “ Comportment .” By the time he completed studies at the Realschule in June, 1916, he was awarded the Reifezeugnis ( diploma — not to be confused with the Abitur ) that affirmed him “ reif mit Auszeichnung ” ( qualified with distinction ) for graduation to a technical university.

When another examination was passed, and the other Adepts consented, the Aspirant attained the Grade of Adeptus Minor ( 5 = 6 ).

When health conditions warrant, immune system organs including the thymus, spleen, portions of bone marrow, lymph nodes and secondary lymphatic tissues can be surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive.

Transformative learners utilize discourse as a means of critically examination and reflection “ devoted to assessing reasons presented in support of competing interpretations, by critically examining evidence, arguments, and alternative points of view .” When circumstances permit, transformative learners move toward a frame of reference that is more inclusive, discriminating, self-reflective, and integrative of experience.

When the death is suspected to have been either sudden with unknown cause, violent, or unnatural, the coroner decides whether to hold a post-mortem examination and, if necessary, an inquest.

When the first thorough examination of Opabinia in 1975 revealed its unusual features, it was thought to be unrelated to any known phylum, although possibly related to a hypothetical ancestor of arthropods and of annelid worms.

When Casey's younger brother Martin Charles Casey wished to go to West Point, Griffin directly appointed him to the class of 1920 without having to pass the examination.

When Vang Pao was taking an entrance examination, the captain who was the proctor realized that Vang Pao knew almost no written French.

When he sat the examination again in May 1910, he passed it with ease.

When three months pregnant, she resat the diploma examination, but failed for the second time without improving her grade.

When he finally does so, Madison is taken in by government scientists led by Kornbluth's cold-hearted former colleague and rival Dr. Ross ( Richard B. Shull ) for examination.

When the results of the CT-Scan examination had been published, many scientists accepted its findings, but some still believe the mystery of Tutankhamun's death is far from solved and continue to support the older murder theory.

When the results were published, Tunku obtained high marks for all his papers with a Pass for the whole examination.

When Murchison commenced his geological examination of the Russian empire, he requested de Verneuil to accompany him, and the researches of the latter were incorporated in the second volume of The Geology of Russia in Europe and the Ural Mountains ( 1845 ).

When Wesley returns to the Enterprise, Picard confides in him that he too failed the entrance examination the first time, and continues to encourage him to perform well.

When the training is deemed comparable and acceptable, the International Medical Graduates are ruled eligible to take the Royal College certification examination.

When Daniels, Dennison & Co .' s business plans collapsed in 1838, after Madison was chosen to be the capital, Dewey moved to Lancaster, Wisconsin, where he was admitted to the bar in an examination held by Charles Dunn, the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin Territory ; he was appointed district attorney of Grant County that same year.

When identifying material, a scientist attempts to apply a taxon name to a specimen or group of specimens based on his or her understanding of the relevant taxa, based on ( at least ) having read the type description ( s ), preferably based on an examination of all the type material of all of the relevant taxa.

When horses undergo a rectal examination there is a small risk of a rectal tear occurring, which can be a life-threatening event, rapidly leading to peritonitis and septic shock.

When a physician assesses a patient to determine the etiology and subsequent treatment for abdominal pain the patient's history of the presenting complaint and physical examination should derive a diagnosis in over 90 % of cases.

When missing service personnel are recovered and cannot be identified after a thorough forensic examination ( including such methods as DNA testing and comparison of dental records ) the remains are interred with a tombstone which indicates their unknown status.

When Karl Pearson took the examination in 1879, the examiners were Stokes, Maxwell, Cayley, and Todhunter and the examinees went on each occasion to the examiner's house, did a morning paper, had lunch there, and continued their work on the paper in the afternoon.

When the students have completed all the examinations at the end of the 3rd year, the college issues a certificate indicating all the marks obtained by the students at the examination and in the year's work.

When the students have completed all the examinations at the end of the 3rd year, the school issues a certificate indicating all the marks obtained by the students at the examination and in the year's work.

When arrested, Grigorenko was sent to Moscow's Lubyanka prison, and from there for psychiatric examination to the Serbsky Institute where the first commission, which included Snezhnevsky and Lunts, diagnosed him as suffering from the mental disease in the form of a paranoid delusional development of his personality, accompanied by early signs of cerebral arteriosclerosis.