When the particles are in great motion, they produce a Doppler shift for measuring wind speed in the laser light, which is used to calculate the speed of the particles, and therefore the air around the anemometer.

When measuring vacuum, the working liquid may evaporate and contaminate the vacuum if its vapor pressure is too high.

When measuring liquid pressure, a loop filled with gas or a light fluid can isolate the liquids to prevent them from mixing but this can be unnecessary, for example when mercury is used as the manometer fluid to measure differential pressure of a fluid such as water.

When used for measuring voltage, the input impedance of the multimeter must be very high compared to the impedance of the circuit being measured ; otherwise circuit operation may be changed, and the reading will also be inaccurate.

When the casket was opened, a small book of the gospels, measuring only three-and-a-half by five inches, now known as the Stonyhurst Gospel, was found.

When measuring disposable income after taxation but including benefits, the total disposable income of those on the highest incomes fell by 33 %, whilst the total disposable income of those on the lowest incomes rose by 104 %.

When measuring radioactivity of a sample with a detector, a unit of " counts per second " ( cps ) or " counts per minute " ( cpm ) is often used.

When measuring broadband continuum emissions, where the energy is roughly evenly distributed across the detector bandwidth, the detected signal will increase in proportion to the bandwidth of the detector ( as opposed to signals with bandwidth narrower than the detector bandpass ).

Thurow goes on to note that " When it comes to actually measuring profits, some difficult accounting issues arise.

When assuming a normal distribution, the reference range is obtained by measuring the values in a reference group and taking two standard deviations either side of the mean.

When measuring the safe depth of water over an entire obstruction, such as a shipwreck, the minimum depth is checked by sweeping the area with a length of horizontal wire.

When he made calculations on the Wakor solar eclipse that was to occur, he used the Thai system of measuring time ( mong and baht ), but he implemented the Western method of longitude and latitude when he determined where on earth the eclipse would best be viewed.

When measuring hearing thresholds it is always easier for the subject to follow a tone that is audible and decreasing in amplitude than to detect a tone that was previously inaudible.

When certain objects are designed digitally, revolutions like these can be used to determine surface area without the use of measuring the length and radius of the object being designed.

When measuring the non-linearities of power amplifiers, a very narrow notch filter can be very useful to avoid the carrier frequency.

When a distinction needed to be made between the two shaku, the cloth unit was referred to as kujirajaku ( whale shaku, as the rulers for measuring cloth were made from whale whiskers ) and the other shaku was referred to as kanejaku ( metal shaku ).

When some saw him measuring the stars with his Theodolite, they thought he was talking to the night demons.

When measuring at a 90 ° angle, only the light scattered by the sample causes stray light.

When measuring fluorescence spectra, the wavelength of the excitation light is kept constant, preferably at a wavelength of high absorption, and the emission monochromator scans the spectrum.

When measuring risk, a common approach is to compare the risk-free return on T-bills and the risky return on other investments ( using the ex post return as a proxy for the ex ante expected return ).

When measuring installed units over a whole season and one also counts the energy needed to pump water through the piping systems, then seasonal COP's are around 3. 5 or less.

When measuring the height of an inverted image using the cartesian sign convention ( where the x-axis is the optical axis ) the value for h < sub > i </ sub > will be negative, and as a result M will also be negative.

When the tip of the STM's needle is brought very close to a conduction surface that has a voltage bias, by measuring the current of electrons that are tunnelling between the needle and the surface, the distance between the needle and the surface can be measured.

** When small is beautiful: measuring the evolution and consequences of the voluminosity of patent applications at the EPO This paper addresses issues in measuring the voluminosity of patent applications ( number of claims and pages ) and highlights patterns in its evolution.

When this was later re-encountered, the restricted activation caused thereafter by the posthypnotic amnesia resulted in three of the 10 participants reporting what the authors termed " paramnesias ".

For instance, in two studies by the American Mosaic Project, racial inequality in the United States was framed as either “ Black Disadvantage ” or “ White Privilege .” When the term “ black disadvantage ” was used to describe racial inequality, white participants felt less collectively responsible for the harm done to the out-group, which lessened collective guilt.

When a long shot is used to set up a location and its participants in film and video, it is called an establishing shot.

When, for example, television producers " pre-interview " participants in news and public affairs programs, to insure that they will speak in simple, attention-grabbing terms, and when the search for viewers leads to an emphasis on the sensational and the spectacular, people with complex or nuanced views are not allowed a hearing.

" When participants were released from custody hours later, they were pelted by eggs and shouted at by protesters who had been waiting.

When they returned to San Francisco, Red Dog participants Luria Castell, Ellen Harman and Alton Kelley created a collective called " The Family Dog.

When discussing consensual crime, one issue is whether all the participants are capable of giving genuine consent.

When participating users are off-line, changes for their workspaces copies are queued, either on an Office Groove Server that mediates the workspace or via other participants ( peer-to-peer ), to be sent to users when they come on-line.

When poll participants were asked their party affiliation, the poll revealed a sharp political divide: 69 percent of Democrats were unqualifiedly in favor of Lend-Lease, whereas only 38 percent of Republicans favored the bill without qualification.

When the experimenters showed the body-dissatisfied participants the positive body their body satisfaction increased.

When the participants started to gather in one of the city's principal squares, a huge crowd of opponents attacked the event, injuring several participants and stopping the march.

When the tour first started 1967, the program hosted 60 – 70 participants from America and Canada, with an age range of between 14 and 25, at a small college in Taiwan.

*" The Chaste Ethnographer " – When ethnographers participate within the field, they invariably develop relationships with research subjects / participants.

When the general election was called in 1987, Red Wedge also organised a comedy tour featuring Lenny Henry, Ben Elton, Robbie Coltrane, Craig Charles, Phill Jupitus and Harry Enfield, and another tour by the main musical participants along with The The, Captain Sensible and the Blow Monkeys.

When asked what they are doing participants describe Buy Nothing Day.

When participants are removed it is usually one at a time to drag out the action and get audience sympathy for specific players.

When asked to recall the list, participants were just as, if not more, likely to recall semantically related words ( such as sweet ) than items that were actually studied, thus creating false memories.

When some participants showed disagreement, she added immediately that this was not meant to liken Bush to Hitler as a person, but rather to compare their methods, and that British prime minister Margaret Thatcher had also used the 1982 Falklands War to improve election prospects.

When participants are given counterfactual conditionals, they make both the modus ponens and the modus tollens inferences ( Byrne, 2005 ).

When he gave participants associative cues to items that they did not originally recall and that were thought to be lost to memory, the participants were able to recall the item.

When looking solely at the Manhattan participants, the retrieval of memories for 9 / 11 were accompanied by an enhancement in recollective experience relative to the retrieval of other memorable life events in only a subset of participants who were, on average, two miles from the World Trade Center ( around Washington Square ) and not in participants who were, on average, 4. 5 miles from the World Trade Center ( around the Empire State Building ).