When Quinney states " crime is a social phenomenon " he envisages both how individuals conceive crime and how populations perceive it, based on societal norms.

) When Thomas Young first demonstrated this phenomenon, it indicated that light consists of waves, as the distribution of brightness can be explained by the alternately additive and subtractive interference of wavefronts.

When the emission of the photon is immediate, this phenomenon is called fluorescence, a type of photoluminescence.

When the emission of the photon is delayed, the phenomenon is called phosphorescence.

When the net electric charge of an object is non-zero and motionless, the phenomenon is known as static electricity.

When subjected to a high enough voltage, insulators suffer from the phenomenon of electrical breakdown.

When speaking of language as a general concept, some different definitions can be used that stress different aspects of the phenomenon.

When full, a notable phenomenon is that around midday the lake surface can often become very flat.

When it is performed ineptly, or is vulgar, and especially if it is vulgar and witnessed by sleepers, magic can cause Paradox, a phenomenon in which reality tries to resolve contradictions between the consensus and the Mage's efforts.

When a beam of white light passes from air into a material having an index of refraction that varies with frequency, a phenomenon known as dispersion occurs, in which different coloured components of the white light are refracted at different angles, i. e., they bend by different amounts at the interface, so that they become separated.

" When Jacobsen took great pains to isolate the plants, he couldn't reproduce the phenomenon ", notes Steven Henikoff.

When designing objects, Engineers must ensure the mechanical resonance frequencies of the component parts do not match driving vibrational frequencies of motors or other oscillating parts, a phenomenon known as resonance disaster.

When the speckle pattern changes in time, due to changes in the illuminated surface, the phenomenon is known as dynamic speckle, and it can be used to measure activity, as in ( for example ) an optical computer mouse.

When blood pressure increases the arterioles that lead to the capillaries bed are stretched and subsequently constrict ( a phenomenon known as the Bayliss Effect to counteract the increased tendency for high pressure to increase blood flow.

When the fact that the electric field of light is an alternating electric field is combined with tunnel ionization, the phenomenon of non-sequential ionization emerges.

When each new user of a product increases the value of the same product owned by others, the phenomenon is called a network externality or a network effect.

When silt appears as a pollutant in water the phenomenon is known as siltation.

When the first Europeans arrived, the phenomenon of " cunhadismo " ( from Portuguese cunhado, " brother in law ") began to spread by the colony.

When many English words are incorporated into many languages, language enthusiasts and purists often look down on this phenomenon, terming it ( depending on the importing language ) Denglisch, Franglais or similar neologisms.

When applying the rule to current in a straight wire for example, the direction of the magnetic field ( counterclockwise instead of clockwise when viewed from the tip of the thumb ) is a result of this convention and not an underlying physical phenomenon.

When winds occurring during this phenomenon increase and intensify, the force released can cause the updrafts to rotate.

When chemiluminescence takes place in living organisms, the phenomenon is called bioluminescence.

When a string is bowed or tone in a wind instrument initiated by vibrating reed or lips, a phenomenon called mode-locking counteracts the natural inharmonicity of the string or air column and causes the overtones to lock precisely onto integer multiples of the fundamental pitch, even though these are slightly different than the natural resonance points of the instrument.

When the song was released in February 1928 it became “ a national phenomenon and generated an excitement and record-buying frenzy that no-one could have predicted ”.

When the possibility that he had not given reconsideration to so weighty a decision seemed to disconcert his questioners, Mr. Eisenhower was known to make his characteristic statement to the press that he was not going to talk about the matter any more.

When the body died, parts of its soul known as ka ( body double ) and the ba ( personality ) would go to the Kingdom of the Dead.

When Troy was sacked by the Greeks, Aeneas, after being commanded by the gods to flee, gathered a group, collectively known as the Aeneads, who then traveled to Italy and became progenitors of Romans.

When the word for onion, chung, is used, it is understood that one is referring to " green onions " ( otherwise known to English-speakers as scallions or spring onions, green onions ).

When an MP Widdecombe was known for her strong socially conservative views, opposing the legality of abortion and supporting the re-introduction of the death penalty.

When this discovery was followed up in 1870, on the neighbouring Santorin ( Thera ), by representatives of the French School at Athens, much pottery of a class now known immediately to precede the typical late Aegean ware, and many stone and metal objects, were found.

When Marinchip Software Partners ( later known as Autodesk ) formed, the founders decided to re-code Interact in C and PL / 1.

When the office of Lord High Admiral was in commission, as it was for most of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries until it reverted to the Crown, it was exercised by a Board of Admiralty, officially known as the Commissioners for Exercising the Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, & c. ( alternatively of England, Great Britain or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland depending on the period ).

When there are multiple spans, the intermediate supports are known as piers.

When the serving side loses a rally, the serve immediately passes to their opponent ( s ) ( this differs from the old system where sometimes the serve passes to the doubles partner for what is known as a " second serve ").

When LTR text is mixed with RTL in the same paragraph, each type of text is written in its own direction, which is known as bi-directional text.

When the processors and their interconnect are all implemented on a single silicon chip, the technology is known as a multi-core microprocessor.

When using a cipher the original information is known as plaintext, and the encrypted form as ciphertext.

When machine translation ( also known as mechanical translation ) failed to yield accurate translations right away, automated processing of human languages was recognized as far more complex than had originally been assumed.

When BSE material infects humans, the resulting disease is known as ( new ) variant CJD ( nvCJD ).

When this is done with clay it is known as puddling.

When Michael assumed power in 856, he became known for excessive drunkenness, appeared in the hippodrome as a charioteer and burlesqued the religious processions of the clergy.

When Mehmed finally entered Constantinople through what is now known as the Topkapi Gate, he immediately rode his horse to the Hagia Sophia which he ordered to be sacked.

When the holder of the intellectual property discards all existing continuity and starts from scratch it is known as rebooting.

Other views of God affirmed by members of the Conservative movement include Kabbalistic mysticism ; Hasidic panentheism ( neo-Hasidism, Jewish Renewal ); limited theism ( as in Harold Kushner's When Bad Things Happen to Good People ); and organic thinking in the fashion of Alfred North Whitehead and Charles Hartshorne, also known as process theology ( such as Rabbis Max Kaddushin, William E. Kaufman, or Bradley Shavit Artson ).

When the toads are threatened, their glands secrete a milky-white fluid known as bufotoxin.

When the amount of RAM is not sufficient to run all the current programs, it can result in a situation where the computer spends more time moving memory from RAM to disk and back than it does accomplishing tasks ; this is known as thrashing.

When Danican's poorly trained men attacked, on 13 Vendémiaire, 1795 — October 5, 1795, in the calendar used in France, at the time — Napoleon ordered his cannon to fire grapeshot into the mob, an act that became known as the " whiff of grapeshot ".

When these vessels of a new model were built, which were intended to " clip " over the waves rather than plough through them, the improved type of craft became known as " clippers " because of their speed.

When the only allowed program memory is ROM, the device is known as a microcontroller.