Whereas, in other types of receptors that have been studied, wherein ligands bind externally to the membrane, the ligands of GPCRs typically bind within the transmembrane domain.

Whereas the placing and arming of mines is relatively inexpensive and simple, the process of detecting and removing them is typically expensive, slow, and dangerous.

Whereas mechanical movements can typically be off by several seconds a day, an inexpensive quartz movement in a child's wristwatch may still be accurate to within half a second per day — ten times better than a mechanical movement .< ref > Quartz mechanisms usually have a resonant frequency of 32768 Hz, chosen for ease of use ( being 2 < sup > 15 </ sup >).

Whereas a hobby-grade car has a standardized motor and separate electronic components that are individually replaceable if they fail, toy grade cars are typically made with a non-standard motor, non-replaceable chassis components and a single electronic circuit board integrated into the design of the vehicle.

Whereas proverbs in English are typically multi-worded phrases (" kill two birds with one stone "), Japanese borrowed from Chinese compactly conveys the concept in one word.

Whereas, however, these are typically nonmagnetic, here the " glass property " refers essentially to the magnetic properties only, i. e. to the spin structure only.

Whereas public goods are typically under-provided by decentralized decision making ( the market ), public bad will generally be over-provided, since the parties generating the public bad do not account for the negative effects ( or externality ) imposed on others.

Whereas the best mechanically controlled shutters were rated for 150, 000 cycles and had an accuracy of ± ¼ stop from nominal value ( more typically 50, 000 cycles at ± ½ stop ), today's best electronically controlled FP shutters can last 300, 000 cycles and have no noticeable speed error.

Whereas just twenty years before a naval fleet might have six to seven fire ships, by the Battle of Solebay in 1672 both the Dutch and English fleets employed typically between 20 and 30 fire ships, and sometimes more.

Whereas compact matrix pseudogroups are typically versions of Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum groups in a dual function algebra formulation, with additional structure, the bicrossproduct ones are a distinct second family of quantum groups of increasing importance as deformations of solvable rather than semisimple Lie groups.

Whereas most of the South Circular goes by the names of the roads widened to accommodate it, the North Circular is typically called " North Circular Road ".

Whereas the amateur astronomer of the 1970s and 1980s typically did not explore much beyond the Messier and brighter NGC objects, the amateur astronomer of today can routinely observe objects in the IC, Abell, Perek Kohoutek, Minkowski and other obscure catalogues once considered the domain of professional astronomers, thanks in part to Dobsonians.

Whereas the corresponding data cache can start only one read or one write ( not both ) per cycle, and the read typically has a latency of two ALU cycles.

" Whereas other features in Mad, recurring or otherwise, typically were headed with pun-filled " department " titles, Martin's work always was headed with only his name — " Don Martin Dept.

Whereas buckyballs are spherical in shape, a nanotube is cylindrical, with at least one end typically capped with a hemisphere of the buckyball structure.

Whereas a single enzyme was once believed to catalyze both the forward and reverse chemical changes, research has found that two separate enzymes of similar structure are typically needed to perform what results in a pair of thermodynamically irreversible processes.

Whereas a fuse starts with a low resistance and is designed to permanently break an electrically conductive path ( typically when the current through the path exceeds a specified limit ), an antifuse starts with a high resistance and is designed to permanently create an electrically conductive path ( typically when the voltage across the antifuse exceeds a certain level ).

Whereas essential oils can typically be produced through steam distillation, absolutes require the use of solvent extraction techniques or more traditionally, through enfleurage.

Whereas KC-135A aircraft typically carried JP-4 jet fuel, KC-135Q aircraft were specifically modified and equipped to offload JP-7 fuel and supported worldwide in-flight refueling requirements for USAF U-2 and SR-71 reconnaissance aircraft.

Whereas a mathematical model is traditionally solved analytically, a computer model can be solved numerically: this is what a computer simulation of a system ( typically a physical system ) is about.

Whereas engineer boots have a rounded toe, harness boots typically have a square toe.

Whereas a bruise typically appears black or blue underneath the skin, a subconjunctival hemorrhage initially appears bright-red underneath the transparent conjunctiva.

Whereas the games of the 8-bit era were typically developed by a single individual within a matter of months ( sometimes even a few weeks ), the more demanding 16-bit titles required larger teams, longer development times and considerably larger budgets.

Whereas the members of Jewish Christianity were circumcised and adhered to dietary laws, the Pauline Christianity featured in Acts did not require Gentiles to be circumcised or to obey all of the Mosaic laws, which is consistent with Noahide Law.

Whereas commercial agreements or prenuptial agreements generally do not require legal formalities to be observed, when married couples enter a property agreement, stringent requirements are imposed, including notarization, witnesses, special acknowledgment forms.

Whereas digital computers require data to be encoded into binary digits ( bits ), quantum computation uses quantum properties to represent data and perform operations on these data.

Whereas some text search engines require users to enter two or three words separated by white space, other search engines may enable users to specify entire documents, pictures, sounds, and various forms of natural language.

Whereas treaties require advice and consent by two-thirds of the Senate, sole executive agreements may be executed by the President acting alone.

Whereas a three-fourth vote of the LY would require that any proposed constitutional amendment have a broad political consensus behind it, a citizen's initiative would allow a fraction of the electorate to force a constitutional referendum.

Whereas most of them require only faith in Jesus for salvation, Oneness Pentecostalism defines salvation as repentance, baptism ( in Jesus ' name ) and receipt of the Holy Spirit with the evidence of speaking in other tongues.

Whereas Sternberg explains that the basic information processing components underlying the three parts of his triarchic theory are the same, different contexts and different tasks require different kind of intelligence ( Sternberg, 2001 ).

Whereas message-passing models require tightly-coupled processes sending messages to each other in some sequence or protocol, Linda processes are decoupled from other processes, communicating only through the tuplespace ; a process need have no notion of other processes except for the kinds of tuples consumed or produced ( data coupling ).

Whereas earlier Oberheim modular systems would require multiple S. E. M. s to achieve polyphony, the OB-X condensed the S. E. M.

Whereas red-black trees require one bit of balancing metadata per node ( the color ), AA trees require O ( log ( N )) bits of metadata per node, in the form of an integer " level ".

::: Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands of the one part and France on the other, and the duty and interest of the United States require that they should with sincerity and good faith adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent powers:

Whereas most superhero games require straightforward fighting, Batman Begins features the utilization of the environment to frighten opponents.

Whereas steering a heading is a comparatively long event and will require ongoing or continuous rudder adjustments.

Whereas shelters for fan guns require only water, power and maybe communication, lance-shelters usually need air hydrants as well.

Whereas the Taelons are confirmed as asexual, seeming to have only one parent each, the Kimera seem to require two individuals to mate for reproduction.

Whereas the AMD K6-III + topped out at 570 MHz due to its short pipeline, even when built on the 180 nm process, the Athlon was capable of clocking much higher.

Whereas Macbeth places his hope in the prediction that he will be king, Banquo argues that evil only offers gifts that lead to destruction.

Whereas the written Torah has a fixed form, the Oral Torah is a living tradition that includes not only specific supplements to the written Torah ( for instance, what is the proper manner of shechita and what is meant by " Frontlets " in the Shema ), but also procedures for understanding and talking about the written Torah ( thus, the Oral Torah revealed at Sinai includes debates among rabbis who lived long after Moses ).

Whereas Plato's demiurge is good wishing good on his creation, gnosticism contends that the demiurge is not only the originator of evil but is evil as well.

Whereas the magnetic part of the near-field is due to currents in the source, the magnetic field in EMR is due only to the local change in the electric field.

Whereas elements of the disclosure may be available from third parties, only that provided by the franchisor can be depended upon.

Whereas, throughout its history, the South has relished its grits, making them a symbol of its diet, its customs, its humor, and its hospitality, and whereas, every community in the State of South Carolina used to be the site of a grits mill and every local economy in the State used to be dependent on its product ; and whereas, grits has been a part of the life of every South Carolinian of whatever race, background, gender, and income ; and whereas, grits could very well play a vital role in the future of not only this State, but also the world, if as Charleston's The Post and Courier proclaimed in 1952, " An inexpensive, simple, and thoroughly digestible food, should be made popular throughout the world.

Whereas Simple harmonic motion oscillates with only the restoring force acting on the system, Damped Harmonic motion experiences friction.

Whereas his references to Judah are of a general kind, Ephraim or Samaria being sometimes mentioned in the same connection or more frequently alone, the situation implied throughout and the whole tone of the addresses agree with what we know of the Northern Kingdom at the time, and his references to places and events in that kingdom are so numerous and minute as to lead to the conclusion that he not only prophesied there, but that he was a native of that part of the country.

Whereas MacNeill intended to use force only to resist the imposition of conscription on Ireland, or to prevent the use of force to disarm of the Volunteers, the IRB men intended to launch an armed rebellion in pursuit of Irish independence.

Whereas in Circus, the musical numbers involved dancing and spectacle, the only type of choreography in Bright Path is the movement of factory machines.

Whereas only two percent of the country's mosques appeared in the United States before 1950, eighty-seven percent of American mosques were founded after 1970 and fifty percent of American mosques founded after 1980.

Whereas most of the isotopes of meitnerium can be synthesized directly this way, some heavier ones have only been observed as decay products of elements with higher atomic numbers.

" Whereas reason and convenience indicate to us an uniform standard for all quantities ; which I shall call the Georigan standard ; and that is only to divide every integer in each species into eight equal parts, and every part again into 8 real or imaginary particles, as far as is necessary.

Whereas most small molecule solutions exhibit only an upper critical solution temperature phase transition, at which phase separation occurs with cooling, polymer mixtures commonly exhibit a lower critical solution temperature phase transition, at which phase separation occurs with heating.

Whereas the previous five Rush albums sold platinum or better, Hold Your Fire only went gold in November 1987, although it managed to peak at number 13 on the Billboard 200.

Whereas most of the isotopes of rutherfordium can be synthesized directly this way, some heavier ones have only been observed as decay products of elements with higher atomic numbers.

Whereas this belief was only one of many beliefs held about the World to Come in Second Temple Judaism, and was notably rejected by the Sadducees, this belief became dominant within Early Christianity and soon included an insistence on the resurrection of the flesh, against gnostic teachings that flesh was evil.

Whereas a 1 cm < sup > 3 </ sup > of sample pure germanium at 20 ° C, contains about 4. 2 × 10 < sup > 22 </ sup > atoms but only 2. 5 × 10 < sup > 13 </ sup > free electrons and 2. 5 × 10 < sup > 13 </ sup > holes.

Whereas the other two components of Poynting vector ( here x-component only ), and their time averaged values are in general found to be finite.

Whereas Henry III had only collected four of these in his reign, Edward I collected nine.

Whereas the king had only levied three lay subsidies until 1294, four such taxes were granted in the years 1294 – 97, raising over £ 200, 000.

Whereas conventional processors mostly only allow programs that specify instructions to be executed one after another, a VLIW processor allows programs that can explicitly specify instructions to be executed at the same time ( i. e. in parallel ).

Whereas a nuclear weapon will usually create mass casualties immediately following the blast, a dirty bomb scenario would initially cause only minimal casualties from the conventional explosion.

Whereas males grow to only about 0. 9 mm in length, females can be anywhere from 2. 0 to 2. 5 mm.