Whereas Parker started with practice and then moved to theory, Dewey began with hypotheses and then devised methods and curricula to test them.

Whereas Russell believed the names ( like x ) in his theory should refer to things we can know epistemically, Wittgenstein thought they should refer to the " objects " that make up his metaphysics.

:" Whereas we use ' hypothesis ' to denote a tentative theory which is still to be verified, Ptolemy usually means by ύπόθεσις something more like ' model ', ' system of explanation ', often indeed referring to ' the hypotheses which we have demonstrated '.

Whereas gay / lesbian studies focused its inquiries into " natural " and " unnatural " behaviour with respect to homosexual behaviour, queer theory expands its focus to encompass any kind of sexual activity or identity that falls into normative and deviant categories.

Whereas chess opening theory changes frequently, giving way to middlegame positions that fall in and out of popularity, endgame theory always remains constant.

Whereas the Big Bang theory predicted as much, Steady State predicted that such objects would be found everywhere, including close to our own galaxy, since evolution would not occur at great distances.

Whereas multiculturalists tend to view the melting-pot theory as oppressive, assimilationists view it as advantageous to both a government and its people.

Whereas " good " reductionism means explaining a thing in terms of what it reduces to ( for example, its parts and their interactions ), greedy reductionism is when " in their eagerness for a bargain, in their zeal to explain too much too fast, scientists and philosophers [...] underestimate the complexities, trying to skip whole layers or levels of theory in their rush to fasten everything securely and neatly to the foundation.

Whereas social identity theory was directed initially at the explanation of intergroup conflict in the absence of any conflict of interests, self-categorization theory was developed to explain how individuals come to to perceive themselves as members of a group in the first place, and how this self-grouping process underlies and determines all subsequent aspects of group behaviour.

" Whereas traditional theory can only mirror and explain reality as it presently is, critical theory's purpose is to change it ; in Horkheimer's words the goal of critical theory is " the emancipation of human beings from the circumstances that enslave them ".

Whereas the labor theory of value has been used to condemn profit as exploitation, the subjective theory of value rebuts that condemnation: a buyer in a free market who offers to pay a price lower than that which is commensurate with the amount of labor used to produce the good merely communicates information to the seller about the value the good might create for the buyer.

Whereas set theory is founded on the membership relation between a set and its elements, mereology emphasizes the meronomic relation between entities, which from a set theoretic perspective is closer to that of inclusion between sets.

Whereas Malthus presented an ahistorical theory of population growth, Marx offered a theory of how a relative surplus population in capitalism tended to push wages to subsistence levels.

Whereas most icongraphical scholarship remains highly dense and specialized, some analyses began to attract a much wider audience, for example Panofsky's theory ( now generally out of favour with specialists ) that the writing on the rear wall in the Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck turned the painting into the record of a marriage contract.

Whereas Plato had sought to explain things with his theory of Forms, Aristotle preferred to start from the facts given by experience.

Whereas context-free grammars have rules for rewriting symbols as strings of other symbols, tree-adjoining grammars have rules for rewriting the nodes of trees as other trees ( see tree ( graph theory ) and tree ( data structure )).

Whereas algebraic Galois theory studies extensions of algebraic fields, differential Galois theory studies extensions of differential fields, i. e. fields that are equipped with a derivation, D. Much of the theory of differential Galois theory is parallel to algebraic Galois theory.

Whereas the members of Jewish Christianity were circumcised and adhered to dietary laws, the Pauline Christianity featured in Acts did not require Gentiles to be circumcised or to obey all of the Mosaic laws, which is consistent with Noahide Law.

Whereas capitalist ( and right-libertarian ) principles concentrate economic power in the hands of those who own the most capital, libertarian socialism aims to distribute power, and thus freedom, more equally amongst members of society.

Whereas members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences are generally invited to screenings or are sent DVDs of movies nominated for Oscars, NARAS members do not receive nominated recordings.

Whereas most members of this group identified themselves by their ethnic or tribal names, some also considered themselves to be Muslims.

Whereas the term Member of Congress applies to members of both houses, the terms Congressman and Congresswoman usually refer only to members of the House of Representatives.

Whereas Howard selects his many sexual partners from among the people who work at the university ( students as well as faculty members ) on Saturday mornings, Barbara Kirk regularly goes on " shopping trips " to London, which usually turn into " wicked weekends ".

Whereas in Great Britain most elected politicians were members of either the Liberal Party or the Conservative Party, from the early 1880s most Irish MPs were nationalists, who sat together in the British House of Commons as the Irish Parliamentary Party.

Whereas the membership in a Gemeinschaft is self-fulfilling, a Gesellschaft is instrumental for its members.

Whereas the actual Calendar Girls were members of the Rylstone Women's Institute, much of the film was shot in and around the village of Kettlewell in North Yorkshire, some ten miles away.

Whereas the CFTC saw broad purposes in protecting “ fair access ” to markets, “ financial integrity ”, “ price discovery and transparency ”, “ fitness standards ,” and protection of “ market participants from fraud and other abuses ,” other members of the PWG ( particularly the Federal Reserve through Alan Greenspan ) found the more limited purposes of ( 1 ) preventing price manipulation and ( 2 ) protecting retail investors.

Whereas, the eighteenth century Sons of Liberty tried to avoid large scale military conflicts, the nineteenth century organization planned for it, collecting and distributing guns and ammunitions to their members.

Whereas Wicked Lester's original sound was rooted in varied musical styles, including folk and pop, when Simmons and Stanley decided to recruit new members, they made the decision to focus on a more aggressive and simple style of rock and roll.

Whereas, all male members of the Royal House of Sulu should hold this hereditary title and should hold the style: His Royal Highness or His Highness, according to the traditional customs of Royal House of Sulu.

Whereas the other albums were clearly hardcore rap in the vein of Cypress Hill and other Soul Assassins members, The Troubleshooters was more versatile.

Whereas Augie March's first two albums saw Richards maintain control over production, Moo, You Bloody Choir and Watch Me Disappear " became community projects ", and for that reason Richards declared he was not as much a fan of the latter works, though other band members have described the songs on Watch Me Disappear as the band's best yet.

Whereas all affected members of the family had dental problems, the unaffected members had perfect teeth.

Whereas some members are very active in temple-based propagation and other activities, others come only for a monthly service called o-kō ( or, more formally, go-hōon o-kō, " meeting to show gratitude to the Buddha "), the annual Oeshiki ceremony on the anniversary of Nichiren Daishonin's passing, and other temple events.

Whereas, however, Cranmer dreamt of clearing a starry-skied stage, Stapleton saw the boulders strewn there as the members of a naturally-formed, one-of-a-kind ' rock garden ', and wanted them preserved.

Whereas Priests are able to baptize, only those who have the Melchizedek Priesthood are able to confirm newly baptized members such that they can receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

Whereas Gregory distributed grain to the Roman populace as invasion loomed, Sabinian sold it for high prices ( though this may be a later interpolation by Gregory's biographers ).

Whereas the staircases on the first three quadrangles are marked with Arabic numerals, the Island site is marked with Roman numerals.

Whereas up to 1973, those ceremonies were exclusively denominational, the ceremonies for the inaugurations of President Childers in 1973, President Ó Dálaigh in 1974 and President Hillery in 1976, were multidenominational, with representatives of the Roman Catholic, Church of Ireland, Presbyterian, Methodist and the Jewish faith taking part in the ceremony.

Whereas Belarus as a whole is primarily Russian Orthodox, Grodno Voblast has two major religions, Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox.

Whereas in Roman Catholicism the goal of the sacrament of Penance is reconciliation with God through means of justification, in Orthodoxy the intention of the sacramental mystery of Holy Confession is to provide reconciliation with God through means of healing.

:" Whereas the Emperor Augustus Caesar, in the month of Sextilis, was first admitted to the consulate, and thrice entered the city in triumph, and in the same month the legions, from the Janiculum, placed themselves under his auspices, and in the same month Egypt was brought under the authority of the Roman people, and in the same month an end was put to the civil wars ; and whereas for these reasons the said month is, and has been, most fortunate to this empire, it is hereby decreed by the senate that the said month shall be called Augustus.

In 1546 German Protestants united in the Schmalkaldic League to wage war against the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Whereas Ferdinand wanted to aid his brother, the Hussite and pro-Protestant Czech nobility sympathized with the German Protestant princes.

Whereas the Patriarch of Constantinople is now considered first among the Orthodox patriarchs, the Orthodox Church considers the Bishop of Rome ( regarded as the " Patriarch of the West ") the " first among equals " in the Pentarchy of the Patriarchal Sees according to the ancient, first millennial order ( or " taxis " in Greek ) of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem after Constantinople became the eastern capital of the Roman / Byzantine Empire.

Whereas Latin and Greek Christian cultures became protected by the Roman and Byzantine empires respectively, Syriac Christianity often found itself marginalised and persecuted.

Whereas the History, Military History, and H2 channels show similar programming, they tend to show more programs about other time periods and cultures ( ancient, Roman, Medieval, eastern, and other forms of warfare ).

Whereas Marx and Engels followed Goethe in seeing world literature as a modern or even future phenomenon, in 1886 the Irish scholar Hutcheson Macaulay Posnett argued that world literature first arose in ancient empires such as the Roman Empire, long before the rise of the modern national literatures.