Whereas the Auschwitz II ( Auschwitz – Birkenau ) and Majdanek camps were parts of a labor camp complex, the Operation Reinhard camps and the Chełmno camp were exclusively for the quick extermination of many people ( primarily Jews ) within hours of their arrival.

" Whereas the word Economy suggests that people in a community possess a common and congruent set of values and goals, Catallaxy suggests that the emergent properties of a market ( prices, division of labor, growth, etc.

Whereas Parker started with practice and then moved to theory, Dewey began with hypotheses and then devised methods and curricula to test them.

Whereas Russell believed the names ( like x ) in his theory should refer to things we can know epistemically, Wittgenstein thought they should refer to the " objects " that make up his metaphysics.

:" Whereas we use ' hypothesis ' to denote a tentative theory which is still to be verified, Ptolemy usually means by ύπόθεσις something more like ' model ', ' system of explanation ', often indeed referring to ' the hypotheses which we have demonstrated '.

Whereas gay / lesbian studies focused its inquiries into " natural " and " unnatural " behaviour with respect to homosexual behaviour, queer theory expands its focus to encompass any kind of sexual activity or identity that falls into normative and deviant categories.

Whereas chess opening theory changes frequently, giving way to middlegame positions that fall in and out of popularity, endgame theory always remains constant.

Whereas the Big Bang theory predicted as much, Steady State predicted that such objects would be found everywhere, including close to our own galaxy, since evolution would not occur at great distances.

Whereas multiculturalists tend to view the melting-pot theory as oppressive, assimilationists view it as advantageous to both a government and its people.

Whereas " good " reductionism means explaining a thing in terms of what it reduces to ( for example, its parts and their interactions ), greedy reductionism is when " in their eagerness for a bargain, in their zeal to explain too much too fast, scientists and philosophers [...] underestimate the complexities, trying to skip whole layers or levels of theory in their rush to fasten everything securely and neatly to the foundation.

Whereas social identity theory was directed initially at the explanation of intergroup conflict in the absence of any conflict of interests, self-categorization theory was developed to explain how individuals come to to perceive themselves as members of a group in the first place, and how this self-grouping process underlies and determines all subsequent aspects of group behaviour.

" Whereas traditional theory can only mirror and explain reality as it presently is, critical theory's purpose is to change it ; in Horkheimer's words the goal of critical theory is " the emancipation of human beings from the circumstances that enslave them ".

Whereas set theory is founded on the membership relation between a set and its elements, mereology emphasizes the meronomic relation between entities, which from a set theoretic perspective is closer to that of inclusion between sets.

Whereas Malthus presented an ahistorical theory of population growth, Marx offered a theory of how a relative surplus population in capitalism tended to push wages to subsistence levels.

Whereas most icongraphical scholarship remains highly dense and specialized, some analyses began to attract a much wider audience, for example Panofsky's theory ( now generally out of favour with specialists ) that the writing on the rear wall in the Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck turned the painting into the record of a marriage contract.

Whereas Plato had sought to explain things with his theory of Forms, Aristotle preferred to start from the facts given by experience.

Whereas context-free grammars have rules for rewriting symbols as strings of other symbols, tree-adjoining grammars have rules for rewriting the nodes of trees as other trees ( see tree ( graph theory ) and tree ( data structure )).

Whereas algebraic Galois theory studies extensions of algebraic fields, differential Galois theory studies extensions of differential fields, i. e. fields that are equipped with a derivation, D. Much of the theory of differential Galois theory is parallel to algebraic Galois theory.

Whereas a scalar CPU must complete the entire process of fetching, decoding, and executing each instruction and value in a set of data, a vector CPU can perform a single operation on a comparatively large set of data with one instruction.

Whereas the absolute value of the probability amplitude encodes information about probabilities, its phase encodes information about the interference between quantum states.

Whereas a Golomb code has a tunable parameter that can be any positive value, Rice codes are those in which the tunable parameter is a power of two.

Whereas a vector is an object with both a precise numerical magnitude and direction, del does not have a precise value for either until it is allowed to operate on something.

Whereas Russian SDs defined class membership in terms of ownership of the means of production, Chernov and other SR theorists defined class membership in terms of extraction of surplus value from labour.

Whereas fixed copper lines have been subject to theft due to the value of copper, optical fibers aren't worth anything as they cannot be converted into something else, whereas copper can be melted.

Whereas the best mechanically controlled shutters were rated for 150, 000 cycles and had an accuracy of ± ¼ stop from nominal value ( more typically 50, 000 cycles at ± ½ stop ), today's best electronically controlled FP shutters can last 300, 000 cycles and have no noticeable speed error.

Whereas no provisions for impairment had been taken in September 2008, in the 2009 annual report, an impairment charge of € 108. 9 million was reported, implying a potential loss of 70 % of the value of the loans to former directors.

Whereas, systematic errors are predictable, and typically constant or proportional to the true value.

Whereas the data range of most continuous controllers ( such as volume, for example ) consists of 128 steps ranging in value from 0 to 127, pitch bend data may be encoded with over 16, 000 data steps.

Whereas the IC < sub > 50 </ sub > value for a compound may vary between experiments depending on experimental conditions, the K < sub > i </ sub > is an absolute value.

Whereas other items are generally stolen for their intrinsic value ( e. g., stealing an iPod for its value as an iPod ), metal items are stolen for their more or less extrinsic value as raw material or commodities.

Whereas an engineered control system has a reference value or setpoint adjusted by some external agency, the reference value for a biological control system cannot be set in this way.

Whereas air and water pollution travels across state and national boundaries irrespective of its origin, the value of RECs and the emergence of RECs markets depend very much on the markets created state by state through legislative action to mandate a Renewable Portfolio Standard.

Whereas its value was 32 shillings before 1066, it was worth only 5 shillings by 1086.

Whereas he holds that the concepts of good and value are logically prior to that of right, he gives right a more than instrumental significance.

Whereas Sky often sold on a highlights package to a terrestrial broadcaster ( BBC ), Setanta indicated that the sums offered by terrestrial broadcasters, reported to be £ 100, 000 to £ 200, 000, were five to ten times lower than their perceived market value ; Setanta paid £ 5 million to screen England's away qualifier with Croatia on 10 September 2008 and believed a sensible highlights package should attract a fee of £ 1 million.

Whereas Gompers presumed that the great mass of workers would learn the value of solidarity through direct experience, Foster and his supporters favored a more top-down approach .... With amalgamation as its slogan, industrial unionism as its goal, and ' boring from within ' the established trade unions as its method, the TUEL promised to transform otherwise ' timid and muddled ' AFL affiliates into ' scientifically constructed, class conscious weapons in the revolutionary struggle.

Whereas the maintenance rotary fund had in the past sustained losses considerably beyond expectations, the introduction of the cost-billing system plus other control refinements has resulted in keeping the fund on a proper working basis.

Whereas, John Brown has cheerfully risked his life in endeavoring to deliver those who are denied all rights and is this day doomed to suffer death for his efforts in behalf of those who have no helper: Therefore,

Whereas the philosophical approach to consciousness focuses on its fundamental nature and its contents, the medical approach focuses on the amount of consciousness a person has: in medicine, consciousness is assessed as a " level " ranging from coma and brain death at the low end, to full alertness and purposeful responsiveness at the high end.

Whereas we say X is an H-set of Z if every cover of X with open sets of Z has a finite subfamily whose Z closure contains X.

Whereas the written Torah has a fixed form, the Oral Torah is a living tradition that includes not only specific supplements to the written Torah ( for instance, what is the proper manner of shechita and what is meant by " Frontlets " in the Shema ), but also procedures for understanding and talking about the written Torah ( thus, the Oral Torah revealed at Sinai includes debates among rabbis who lived long after Moses ).

" Whereas, say, infinitists regard the regress of reasons as " shaped " like a single line, Susan Haack has argued that it is more like a crossword puzzle, with multiple lines mutually supporting each other.

Whereas the current Finnish administration ( notably Jutta Urpilainen ) has been more hesitant towards the EU monetary policy than the previous ones, Eurobarometers and other polls have shown that among Finnish citizens, the opinion trend has been somewhat reversed during recent years.

Indeed, these Four Freedoms were explicitly incorporated into the preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which reads, " Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed the highest aspiration of the common people ,...."

Whereas, throughout its history, the South has relished its grits, making them a symbol of its diet, its customs, its humor, and its hospitality, and whereas, every community in the State of South Carolina used to be the site of a grits mill and every local economy in the State used to be dependent on its product ; and whereas, grits has been a part of the life of every South Carolinian of whatever race, background, gender, and income ; and whereas, grits could very well play a vital role in the future of not only this State, but also the world, if as Charleston's The Post and Courier proclaimed in 1952, " An inexpensive, simple, and thoroughly digestible food, should be made popular throughout the world.

" Whereas terror is a feeling of dread that takes place before an event happens, horror is a feeling of revulsion or disgust after an event has happened.

Whereas the other Central Asian republics have sometimes complained of Russian interference, Kyrgyzstan has more often wished for more attention and support from Moscow than it has been able to obtain.

Whereas a Möbius strip is a surface with boundary, a Klein bottle has no boundary.

Whereas some European national archives have tested deacidification techniques, the United States ’ National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA ), which pioneered an aqueous technique that improved upon Barrow ’ s, has chosen to invest its preservation dollars elsewhere.

Whereas a DTM has a single " computation path " that it follows, an NTM has a " computation tree ".

Whereas others can learn of my pain, for example, I simply have my own pain ; it follows that one does not know of one's own pain, one simply has a pain.

Whereas the first book has the deck of cards as a theme, this book is based on a game of chess, played on a giant chessboard with fields for squares.

Whereas act utilitarianism requires us to choose our actions by calculating which action will maximise utility and rule utilitarianism requires us to implement rules which will, on the whole, maximise utility, motive utilitarianism “ has the utility calculus being used to select motives and dispositions according to their general felicific effects, and those motives and dispositions then dictate our choices of actions .”

Whereas traditionally, the basal ganglia were thought to be primarily involved in sensory-motor functions, it has now become accepted that the basal ganglia, as a result of their involvement in a set of parallel, functionally segregated basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits, which primarily entertain the premotor and prefrontal cortical cortices, are also involved in cognitive and “ limbic ” functions.

Whereas, during Great Lent each week has its own theme, during Holy Week each day has its own theme, again based upon the Gospel readings for the day:

Whereas Nazi leaders were influenced by German nationalism ( Hitler deemed certain groups such as Slavs to be inferior ), the NSBM scene has had its German and Polish activists work together from the very beginning, though Germany and Poland historically had conflicts.