While there were critics in the scientific community such as Franz Boas, eugenics and scientific racism were promoted in academia by scientists Lothrop Stoddard and Madison Grant, who argued " scientific evidence " for the racial superiority of whites and thereby worked to justify racial segregation and second-class citizenship for blacks.

While no larger than Dutch Springs, this mining supply town had the appearance of being far busier and more prosperous.

While five minutes ago the place had presented a scene of easy revelry, with Gyp Carmer a prominent figure, it was now as somnolent and dull as the day before payday.

While he was handling the multi-million-dollar funding operations of the Government he had to resort to borrowing small sums from friends.

While studying at the seminary in Andover, Adoniram had been working on a New Testament translation from the original Greek.

While Thomas' injured back led him to restrain his mount from its most violent gait he moved quickly enough when he had to.

While she was thus engaged, McFeeley questioned her about her whereabouts the previous day, any recollections she had of people hanging around, of overcurious delivery boys or repairmen, of strange cars cruising the neighborhood.

While they were told that there were some normal people who reacted differently than they had, they were also informed that there were other normals who reacted as they had.

While we had expected that compulsive children in the unstructured school setting would have difficulty when compared to those in the structured, we were surprised to find that the achievement of the high compulsives within the schools where the whole-word method is used in beginning reading compares favorably with that of the low compulsives.

While obliged to concede governments in East Europe allied with the Soviet Union instead of opposed to it, we thought we had preserved our social and economic system in East Europe.

While it had long been known in general, that `` the public is always wrong '', the use of odd-lot indices now puts the adage on a statistical basis.

While Protogeometric vases usually turn up, especially outside Greece proper, together with as many or more examples of local stamp, these `` non-Greek '' patterns had mostly vanished by the later ninth century.

While nowadays we recognize the fact that there are many causes for bleeding at the nose, not long ago a nosebleed was simply that, and treatment had little variation.

While a Senator, Kennedy had unsuccessfully pushed a bill to preserve the Belasco Theater, as well as the Dolley Madison and the Benjamin Taylor houses, all scheduled for razing.

While women had always attended ball games in small numbers ( it was the part of a `` dead game sport '' in the early years of the twentieth century to be taken out to the ball park and to root, root, root for the home team ), they had often sat in patient martyrdom, unable even to read the scoreboard, which sometimes seemed to indicate that one team led another by a score of three hundred and eighty to one hundred and fifty-one.

While they were away Blanche came into the office every morning, running things as she had always run them for Stanley, going through the week in a dazed stupor, getting things done automatically, out of habit.

) While Rotokas has a small alphabet because it has few phonemes to represent ( just eleven ), Book Pahlavi was small because many letters had been conflated — that is, the graphic distinctions had been lost over time, and diacritics were not developed to compensate for this as they were in Arabic, another script that lost many of its distinct letter shapes.

While the Ural – Altaic hypothesis can still be found in encyclopedias, atlases, and similar general references, it has not had any adherents in the linguistics community for decades.

While not all Southerners saw themselves as fighting to preserve slavery, most of the officers and over a third of the rank and file in Lee's army had close family ties to slavery.

While this increased Antoninus ’ s popularity, the frugal emperor had to debase the Roman currency.

While working on a second book, Alcott and Peabody had a falling out and Conversations with Children on the Gospels was prepared with help from Peabody's sister Sophia, published at the end of December 1836.

While Agrippina lived there or when she went on short visits to Rome, Nero had sent people to annoy her.

While he was heir-apparent — 1865 to 1881 — Alexander did not play a prominent part in public affairs, but allowed it to become known that he had ideas which did not coincide with the principles of the existing government.

While convalescing in his Virginia home he wrote a book recording his prison experiences and escape, entitled: They Shall Not Have Me Published originally in ( Helion's ) English by Dutton & Co. of New York, in 1943, the book was received by the press as a work of astonishing literary power and one of the most realistic accounts of World War 2, from the French side.

While the term — literally meaning " sailing the air "— originally referred solely to the science of operating the aircraft, it has since been expanded to include technology, business and other aspects related to aircraft.

While originally written as a male role, it has been performed by female cast as well.

While the ride was originally founded with the idea of drawing attention to how unfriendly the city was to bicyclists, the leaderless structure of Critical Mass makes it impossible to assign it any one specific goal.

If the air mass is colder than the ground below it, it is labeled k. If the air mass is warmer than the ground below it, it is labeled w. While air mass identification was originally used in weather forecasting during the 1950s, climatologists began to establish synoptic climatologies based on this idea in 1973.

While they may hold the document as sacred, and most certainly as central to Christianity, they are also aware of the historical and cultural context in which it was originally written through archaeological and from critical study.

While originally conceived and edited for American television ( and announced in an advertisement by NBC in the Tuesday, July 9, 1963 issue of The Hollywood Reporter ), the production was re-edited for a British theatrical run before the American television debut.

While Jackson considers the theatrical releases of those three films to be a final " director's cut " within the constraints of theatrical exhibition, the extended cuts were produced so that fans of the material could see nearly all of the scenes shot for the script to develop more of J. R. R. Tolkien's world, but which were originally cut for running time, or other reasons.

While the term grimoire is originally European, and many Europeans throughout history, particularly ceremonial magicians and cunning folk, have made use of grimoires, the historian Owen Davies noted that similar such books can be found all across the world, ranging from Jamaica to Sumatra, and he also noted that the first such grimoires could be found not in Europe but in the Ancient Near East.

While the Hammond organ was originally sold to churches as a lower-cost alternative to the wind-driven pipe organ, in the 1960s and 1970s it became a standard keyboard instrument for jazz, blues, rock, church and gospel music.

While they were written originally in Latin, many have been translated ; a familiar example is the 4th century Of the Father's Heart Begotten sung to the 11th century plainsong Divinum Mysterium.

While originally sold only to handloaders as an inexpensive substitute for jacketed bullets, the plated bullet has come far.

While all free men originally exercised the right to vote in such elections, suffrage eventually came to be limited to the leading men of the realm.

While Constantinople experienced a succession of councils alternately approving and condemning doctrine concerning hesychasm considered as identified with Palamism ( the last of the five senses in which, according to Kallistos Ware, the term is used ), the Western Church held no council in which to make a pronouncement on the issue, and the word " hesychasm " does not appear in the Enchiridion Symbolorum et Definitionum ( Handbook of Creeds and Definitions ), the collection of Roman Catholic teachings originally compiled by Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger.

While in high school, he took on his paternal grandmother's maiden name, " Spacey ", originally a Yorkshire name, as his acting surname.

While originally conceived of as an interface to knowledge based systems, it was soon repurposed as an Agent communication language.

While moderately successful, the modification would cost about three times as much as originally thought, and the project was dropped due to lack of money.

While these results originally seemed too simple or too technical to warrant independent interest, they have turned out to be central to the theories in which they occur.

While the above definition is the most general way to define a filter for arbitrary posets, it was originally defined for lattices only.

While further research is needed to precisely comprehend their origins, the Oromo are believed to have originally adhered to a pastoralist / nomadic and / or semi-agriculturalist lifestyle.

While originally used primarily for encrypting the contents of e-mail messages and attachments from a desktop client, PGP products have been diversified since 2002 into a set of encryption applications which can be managed by an optional central policy server.

While P2P systems were used in many application domains, the first P2P killer application was the file sharing system Napster, originally released in 1999.

While PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, it is now said to stand for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, a recursive acronym.

While these old maps are originally seen as representation of Christian proselytizing influence, they also exude an ideal of European supremacy.

While Prakrits were originally seen as " lower " forms of language, the influence they had on Sanskrit, allowing it to be more easily used by the common people, as well as " Sankritization " of Prakrits gave Prakrits progressively higher cultural cachet.